Group B Streptococcus

Aka: Group B Streptococcus, Group B Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus, Streptococcus agalactiae

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II. Epidemiology

  1. Group B Streptococcus is the most common US cause of Neonatal Sepsis and Meningitis

III. Pathophysiology

  1. Group B Streptococcus is a facultative Anaerobe, Gram Positive, cocci
    1. Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus
    2. Lancefield Group B (based on C Carbohydrate cell wall Antigen)
  2. Women are normally colonized with Group B Streptococcus (GBS) in the vagina and Rectum
    1. Typically asymptomatic, although GBS may cause Urinary Tract Infections in healthy women
    2. Newborns may be GBS infected via vertical transmission during delivery
      1. Group B Streptococcus Neonatal Sepsis
      2. Group B Streptococcal Pneumonia
      3. Group B Streptococcal Meningitis
    3. Several strategies have been developed to prevent neonatal GBS infection
      1. Group B Streptococcus Culture at 36 weeks gestation
      2. Group B Streptococcus Prophylaxis in peripartum period after Rupture of Membranes
  3. Immunocompromised patients may also become infected with Group B Streptococcus (e.g. Pneumonia, Sepsis)
    1. Risk Factors for GBS Infection in Immunocompromised Patients
      1. Diabetes Mellitus
      2. Cancer
      3. End-Stage Renal Disease
      4. Cirrhosis
      5. Elderly Nursing Home Patients
    2. Most Common GBS Infections in Non-Pregnant Patients
      1. Bacteremia and Sepsis without focus
      2. Cellulitis and other soft tissue and Skin Infections
    3. Other GBS Infections
      1. Endocarditis
      2. Osteomyelitis
      3. Pneumonia
      4. Meningitis
      5. Urinary Tract Infection

IV. References

  1. Raabe (2019) Microbiol Spectr 7(2):10 +PMID: 30900541 [PubMed]

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Related Studies

Ontology: Streptococcus agalactiae (C0579233)

Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A type of bacterium often found in the vagina. It can cause systemic infections in people with suppressed immune systems.
Definition (NCI) A species of facultatively anaerobic, Gram positive, cocci shaped bacteria in the phylum Firmicutes. This species is positive for beta hemolysis, CAMP test, Lancefield group B and arginine deamination and negative for esculin hydrolysis, pyrrolidonylarylamidase and catalase. It can ferment trehalose and ribose but not mannitol or sorbitol. S. agalactiae is a commensal organism of the human gastrointestinal and female genital tracts and is a pathogen is humans causing opportunistic infections and neonatal sepsis.
Definition (NCI_CDISC) Any bacterial organism that can be assigned to the species Streptococcus agalactiae.
Definition (MSH) A bacterium which causes mastitis in cattle and occasionally in man.
Definition (CSP) bacterium which causes mastitis in cattle and occasionally in man; also known as Streptococcus Group B.
Concepts Bacterium (T007)
MSH D013292
SnomedCT 43492007, 302595000, 243244007, 413644005, 42518002, 113981009
LNC LP14405-2, MTHU028213, LA20065-1, LA19342-7
English Streptococcus Group B, STREP GROUP B, STREP AGALACTIAE, Streptococc Lancefield group B, Group B streptococcus, Streptococcus difficilis, streptococcus group B, Streptococcus agalactiae Lehmann and Neumann 1896, Streptococcus difficilis corrig. Eldar et al. 1995, strep agalactiae, streptococcus agalactiae, lancefield group b streptococcus, b group strep, group b strep, agalactiae streptococcus, group strep b, b group streptococcus, group b streptococcus, strep group b, streptococcus group b, STREPTOCOCCUS AGALACTIAE, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptoccocus de la mammite, Streptococcus agalactiae contagiosae, Streptococcus mastitidis, Streptococcus Lancefield group B (organism), Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, group B (organism), Streptococcus, group B (organism), GBS, Group B beta-hemolytic streptococci, Streptococcus difficile (organism), Streptococcus group B, beta hemolytic streptococcus group B, STREPT. GP B(AGALACT), Group B Streptococcus, Streptococcus, group B, Streptococcus agalactiae (organism), Streptococcus Lancefield group B, group B Streptococcus, Beta-haemolytic Streptococcus, group B, Beta-hemolytic Streptococcus, group B, Streptococcus difficile
French Streptocoques de groupe B, Streptococcus groupe B, Streptococcus agalactiae
Swedish Streptococcus agalactiae
Czech Streptococcus agalactiae, GBS, SAG
Finnish Streptococcus agalactiae
Russian STREPTOKOKKI GRUPPY B, STREPTOCOCCUS AGALACTIAE, СТРЕПТОКОККИ ГРУППЫ B
Japanese B群連鎖球菌, ストレプトコッカス･アガラクチエ, ストレプトコッカス･アガラクティエ, ストレプトコッカスB群, ストレプトコッカスアガラクチエ, B群レンサ球菌, 連鎖球菌-B群
Italian Streptococco del gruppo B, Streptococcus agalactiae
Polish Streptococcus B, Streptococcus agalactiae
Spanish estreptococo, grupo B, Streptococcus difficile (organismo), Streptococcus del grupo B de Lancefield (organismo), Streptococcus del grupo B, Streptococcus difficile, Streptococcus beta-hemolítico del grupo B (organismo), Streptococcus beta-hemolítico del grupo B, estreptococo del grupo B de Lancefield, Streptococcus, grupo B (concepto no activo), Streptococcus agalactiae (organismo), Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus del grupo B de Lancefield, Streptococcus, grupo B, Streptococcus betahemolítico del grupo B, Streptococcus hemolítico beta del grupo B, estreptococo betahemolítico del grupo B, estreptococo hemolítico beta del grupo B, Streptococcus Grupo B
Portuguese Streptococcus Grupo B, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus do Grupo B
German Streptococcus Gruppe B, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus mastitidis
Dutch Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcusgroep B, Streptokokkengroep B
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

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