II. Pathophysiology
- Burkholderia Mallei (Malleomyces mallei)
- Formerly categorized as Pseudomonas Mallei
- Aerobic, Gram NegativeBacillus
- Nonmotile and encapsulated
- Previously only domesticated animal infection
- Horses, Mules, and Donkeys
- Historically contracted by animal handlers (rare)
- No naturally acquired human cases in last 60 years
- Aerosolized risk as a biological warfare agent
- Infection rate in those exposed to aerosol: 46%
- Incubation: 10-14 days after inhalation
III. Symptoms (Septicemic form)
- Fever
- Rigors
- Night Sweats
- Myalgia
- Headache
- Pleuritic Chest Pain
- Photophobia
- Lacrimation
- Diarrhea
IV. Signs
- Acute (Septicemic form)
- Fever
- Cervical adenopathy
- Splenomegaly
- Rash
- Generalized papular or pustular eruptions
- Chronic form
- Rash
- Cutaneous and intramuscular abscess
- Nasal Discharge and ulceration (50%)
- Rash
V. Labs
- Exudate Methylene blue stain
- Scant small bacilli
- Sputum Culture on meat nutrient mediums
-
Complete Blood Count
- Mild Leukocytosis with Left Shift
VI. Radiology: Chest XRay
-
Miliary Nodules (0.5 - 1.0 cm)
- Small, multiple Lung Abscesses
- Bronchopneumonia
- Lobar Pneumonia
- Necrotizing nodular lesions
VII. Course
- Uniformly fatal if untreated
VIII. Complications
IX. Prevention
- No Vaccine
- Post-exposure Prophylaxis with Septra
- Environmental Decontamination with 0.5% Hypochlorite
X. References
- (1998) Medical Management of Biological Casualties
- U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of ID
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| Definition (CHV) | a contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans |
| Definition (CHV) | a contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans |
| Definition (CHV) | a contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans |
| Definition (MSH) | A contagious disease of horses that can be transmitted to humans. It is caused by BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI and characterized by ulceration of the respiratory mucosa and an eruption of nodules on the skin. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D005896 |
| ICD9 | 024 |
| ICD10 | A24.0 |
| SnomedCT | 4639008, 35322000 |
| Swedish | Rots |
| Czech | vozhřivka, Vozhřivka |
| Finnish | Pseudomonas mallein aiheuttama räkätauti |
| Russian | SAP, САП |
| English | farcy, farcy (diagnosis), glanders, glanders (diagnosis), glanders due to infection by actinobacillus mallei, glanders due to infection by malleomyces mallei, glanders due to Burkholderia mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to Pseudomonas mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to Burkholderia mallei, glanders due to Malleomyces mallei, glanders due to Malleomyces mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to Actinobacillus mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to infection by Pseudomonas mallei, glanders due to Pseudomonas mallei, glanders due to infection by mallei, glanders due to infection by mallei (diagnosis), glanders due to Actinobacillus mallei, glanders due to infection by Burkholderia mallei, Malleus, Glanders [Disease/Finding], Farcy, Equine glanders, Farcy buds, Farcy cords, Farcy pipes, Infection due to Actinobacillus mallei, Infection due to Malleomyces mallei, Infection due to Pseudomonas mallei, Maliasmus, Malleus (glanders), Equina, Glanders (disorder), Glanders, malleus, Infection due to actinobacillus mallei, Infection due to malleomyces mallei |
| Korean | 마비저 |
| Italian | Farcino, Morva |
| Dutch | kwade droes, Droes, kwade, Kwade droes |
| Japanese | ﾊﾞﾋﾞｿ, 馬鼻疽 |
| Polish | Nosacizna |
| Hungarian | Takonykór |
| Norwegian | Snive |
| Spanish | brotes de muermo, infección por Actinobacillus mallei, infección por Malleomyces mallei, infección por Pseudomonas mallei, muermo (trastorno), muermo, Muermo |
| Portuguese | Maleína, Mormo |
| French | Morve |
| German | Rotz, Malleus |
Ontology: Burkholderia mallei (C0033818)
| Definition (NCI) | A species of aerobic, Gram-negative, rod shaped bacteria assigned to the phylum Proteobacteria. This species is nonmotile, encapsulated, catalase positive, oxidase and indole negative, and hydrolyzes starch. B mallei is found in contaminated soil, causes Glanders disease in horses, mules, donkeys, and humans, and has been developed and used as a biological weapon by the Germans, Russians and Japanese. |
| Definition (NCI_CDISC) | Any bacterial organism that can be assigned to the species Burkholderia mallei. |
| Definition (MSH) | A species of gram-negative bacteria parasitic on HORSES and DONKEYS causing GLANDERS, which can be transmitted to humans. |
| Concepts | Bacterium (T007) |
| MSH | D042726 |
| SnomedCT | 52543000, 113674000, 243334007 |
| LNC | LP19878-5, MTHU043905 |
| English | Glanders bacillus, Pseudomonas mallei -RETIRED-, Burkholderia mallei (living organism), Pseudomonas mallei (living organism), Pseudomonas mallei (Zopf 1885) Redfearn et al. 1966 (Approved Lists 1980), Burkholderia mallei (Zopf 1885) Yabuuchi et al. 1993, Actinobacillus mallei, burkholderia mallei, malleomyces mallei, pfeifferella mallei, Acinetobacter mallei, Bacillus mallei, Loefferella mallei, Malleomyces mallei, Pfeifferella mallei, Pseudomonas mallei (organism), BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI, ACTINOBACILLUS MALLEI, Pseudomonas mallei, Burkholderia mallei (organism), Actinobacillus mallei (O.T.), Malleomyces mallei (O.T.), Burkholderia mallei [Ambiguous], Pseudomonas mallei (living organism) -RETIRED-, Burkholderia mallei |
| Swedish | Burkholderia mallei |
| Czech | Pseudomonas mallei, Burkholderia mallei |
| Finnish | Burkholderia mallei |
| Italian | Pseudomonas mallei, Burkholderia mallei |
| Japanese | 馬鼻疽菌, バークホルデリア･マレイ |
| Polish | Burkholderia mallei |
| Spanish | Pseudomonas mallei (living organism), Pseudomonas mallei -RETIRED-, Burkholderia mallei (living organism), Pseudomonas mallei, Pseudomonas mallei (organismo vivo), Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia mallei (organismo), Pseudomonas mallei (concepto no activo) |
| Norwegian | Pseudomonas mallei, Burkholderia mallei |
| French | Burkholderia mallei, Pseudomonas mallei |
| German | Burkholderia mallei, Pseudomonas mallei |
| Russian | BURKHOLDERIA MALLEI, PSEUDOMONAS MALLEI |
| Dutch | Burkholderia mallei, Pseudomonas mallei |
| Portuguese | Burkholderia mallei, Pseudomonas mallei |
