II. Indications
- See Second Generation Fluoroquinolone
- Complicated Urinary Tract Infections
- Specific types of Bacterial Gastroenteritis
- Prostatitis
- Sexually Transmitted Disease
- Avoid in Community Acquired Pneumonia
- Risk of pneumococcal bacteremia and Meningitis
III. Contraindications
- See Fluoroquinolone
- Myasthenia Gravis (exacerbates motor weakness)
IV. Mechanism
- See Fluoroquinolone
- Similar activity to Ciprofloxacin (but without Pseudomonas coverage)
V. Dosing
- Complicated Urinary Tract Infection
- Take 200 mg orally twice daily for 10 days
-
Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis or Epididymitis (non-STI, not FDA approved)
- Take 300 mg orally twice daily for up to 6 weeks
-
Traveler's Diarrhea
- Take 300 mg orally twice daily for 1 to 3 days
-
Renal Dosing
- eGFR 20 to 50 ml/min: Take typical dose every 24 hours
- eGFR <20 ml/min: Take 50% of typical dose every 24 hours
VI. Adverse Effects
- See Fluoroquinolone
- Fluoroquinolones have several serious warnings (e.g. tendon rupture, Neuropathy, Aortic Dissection)
- QTc Prolongation
- Hypersensitivity
- Gastrointestinal symptoms (Vomiting, Anorexia)
- Pruritus
- Dysgeusia
- Other uncommon effects
- Vasculitis (rare)
- Increased serum transaminases
- White cell findings (lymphocytopenia, Eosinophilia)
- Urine changes (glucosuria, Proteinuria, Hematuria, pyuria)
VII. Safety
- Avoided in pregnancy (despite pregnancy Category C)
- Cartilage damage risk
- Considered safe in Lactation
- However, risk of pediatric Arthropathy
VIII. Pharmacokinetics
- Bioavailability 98%
- Peaks 1 to 2 hours after oral dose
- Serum Half-Life: 5 to 8 hours (twice as long as Ciprofloxacin)
- Renal excretion (70 to 80% unchanged, remainder to minor, relatively inactive metabolites)
- Protein binding 30%
- Broad Distribution
IX. Drug Interactions
-
Warfarin
- Ofloxacin potentiates Anticoagulant activity
- Drugs that interfere with Ofloxacin absorption (give at least 2 hours before or after Ofloxacin)
- Opiate urine screening
X. Resources
- Ofloxacin Tablet (DailyMed)
XI. References
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| ofloxacin (on 12/21/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
| OFLOXACIN 0.3% EAR DROPS | Generic | $1.89 per ml |
| OFLOXACIN 0.3% EYE DROPS | Generic | $1.69 per ml |
Ontology: Ofloxacin (C0028902)
| Definition (MSH) | A synthetic fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent that inhibits the supercoiling activity of bacterial DNA GYRASE, halting DNA REPLICATION. |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | An antibiotic drug used to treat infection. It belongs to the family of drugs called quinolone antibiotics. |
| Definition (NCI) | A fluoroquinolone antibacterial antibiotic. Ofloxacin binds to and inhibits bacterial topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair, resulting in cell death in sensitive bacterial species. (NCI04) |
| Definition (PDQ) | A fluoroquinolone antibacterial antibiotic. Ofloxacin binds to and inhibits bacterial topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) and topoisomerase IV, enzymes involved in DNA replication and repair, resulting in cell death in sensitive bacterial species. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=42865&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=42865&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C712" NCI Thesaurus) |
| Concepts | Organic Chemical (T109) , Antibiotic (T195) |
| MSH | D015242 |
| SnomedCT | 330413001, 387551000, 96086002 |
| LNC | LP16182-5, MTHU008462 |
| English | Ofloxacin, Ofloxacine, Ofloxacin [eye], ofloxacin, ofloxacin (medication), OFLOXACIN, Ofloxacin [Chemical/Ingredient], ofloxacine, (+/-)-9-Fluoro-2,3-dihydro-3-methyl-10-(4-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-7- -oxo-7H-pyrido(1,2,3-de)- -1,4-benzoxazine-6-carboxylic acid, 9-Fluoro-2,3-Dihydro-3-Methyl-10-(4-Methyl-1-Piperazinyl)-7-Oxo-7H-Pyrido(1,2,3-de)(1,4)benzoxazine-6-Carboxylic Acid, DL-, Ofloxacin [eye] (product), Ofloxacin (product), Ofloxacin (substance), Ofloxacin [eye] (substance) |
| Swedish | Ofloxacin |
| Czech | ofloxacin |
| Finnish | Ofloksasiini |
| Russian | OFLOKSATSIN, ОФЛОКСАЦИН |
| Japanese | オフロキサシン |
| Spanish | ofloxacina (producto), ofloxacina, ofloxacino, ofloxacino (sustancia), ofloxacino (producto), ofloxacina [uso oftálmico], ofloxacina [uso oftálmico] (producto), ofloxacina (sustancia), ofloxacina [oftálmica] (producto), ofloxacina [oftálmica], Ofloxacino |
| Polish | Ofloksacyna |
| French | Ofloxacine |
| German | Ofloxacin |
| Italian | Oflossacina |
| Portuguese | Ofloxacino |
