II. Indications
- First Line Agent
- Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
- Staphylococcus Epidermidis (non-contaminant)
- Bacillus Cereus
- Corynebacterium jeikeium
- Chryseobacterium
- Second Line Agent
- Clostridium difficile
- Enterococcus faecalis
- Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus Aureus
III. Mechanism
- Bactericidal agents prevent cell wall precursor transfers from plasma membrane to Bacterial cell wall
- Inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis
- Primarily active against Gram Positive Cocci (including MRSA)
- Glycopeptides are originally isolated from plant and soil Bacteria
IV. Medications: Glycopeptides
- First-Generation Glycopeptide Antibiotic (Standard agents)
- Second-Generation Glycopeptide Antibiotic (longer acting agents, released 2014)
- Also known as Semi-Synthetic Glycopeptides and Lipoglycopeptide Antibiotics
- Dalbavancin (Dalvance)
- Infused over 30 minutes weekly
- Oritavancin (Orbactiv)
- Infused over 3 hours
- Single dose may be sufficient for MRSA Cellulitis
- Contraindicated with Warfarin or Heparin use
V. Adverse Effects
- Excessive Histamine release (occurs with rapid infusion; hold or slow infusion if occurs)
- Known as "Red Man Syndrome"
- Angioedema
- Flushed skin
- Hypotension
- Pruritus
- Toxicity if co-administered with Aminoglycoside
- Ototoxicity
- Nephrotoxicity
- Neutropenia
- Rash
- IgA Bullous Dermatosis (rare)
VI. References
- Lacy (2000) Drug Information Handbook, Lexi-Comp
- (2014) Presc Lett 21(8): 43
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Related Studies
Definition (NCI) | One of a class of antibiotics originally isolated from plant and soil bacteria with structures containing either a glycosylated cyclic or polycyclic nonribosomal peptide. These antibiotics inhibit the cell wall structure of susceptible organisms (principally Gram-positive cocci) by inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis. First-generation glycopeptide antibiotics include vancomycin, teicoplanin, and ramoplanin; second-generation semi-synthetic glycopeptide antibiotics include oritavancin, dalbavancin, and telavancin. |
Definition (PDQ) | One of a class of antibiotics originally isolated from plant and soil bacteria with structures containing either a glycosylated cyclic or polycyclic nonribosomal peptide. These antibiotics inhibit the cell wall structure of susceptible organisms (principally Gram-positive cocci) by inhibiting peptidoglycan synthesis.First-generation glycopeptide antibiotics include vancomycin, teicoplanin, and ramoplanin; second-generation semi-synthetic glycopeptide antibiotics include oritavancin, dalbavancin, and telavancin. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=468927&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=468927&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C61101" NCI Thesaurus) |
Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) |
SnomedCT | 414354007, 414355008 |
English | glycopeptide antibiotic, Glycopeptide Antibiotic, glycopeptide antibiotics, Glycopeptide antibiotic (product), Glycopeptide antibiotic (substance), Glycopeptide antibiotic |
Spanish | antibiótico glucopeptídico (producto), antibiótico glucopeptídico (sustancia), antibiótico glucopeptídico |
Ontology: Red man syndrome (C1306792)
Definition (NCI) | An abrupt onset drug reaction characterized by a red rash that involves the face, neck, and upper torso.(NICHD) |
Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
SnomedCT | 238992001, 75794001 |
Italian | Sindrome anafilattica con eruzione erimatosa, Sindrome dell'uomo rosso, Uomo rosso |
English | Red man syndrome, RED MAN SYNDROME, Red man, Red man's syndrome, red man's syndrome, red man, red man syndrome, red mans syndrome, mans red, Red Man Syndrome |
Dutch | rode man, rode man syndroom |
French | Red man syndrome, Sympt de rougeurs, SYNDROME DE L'HOMME ROUGE, Syndrome de l'homme rouge |
German | Red Man, RED MAN SYNDROM, Red Man Syndrom |
Portuguese | Homem vermelho, SINDROME DO HOMEM VERMELHO, Síndrome do homem vermelho |
Spanish | Hombre rojo, síndrome del hombre rojo, Síndrome del hombre rojo |
Japanese | レッドマン, レッドマン症候群, レッドマンショウコウグン, レッドマン |
Czech | Syndrom červeného muže, Red man syndrom |
Hungarian | Vörös-ember syndroma, Vörös ember syndroma, Vörös ember |