II. Indications
- Conditions
- Community Acquired Pneumonia
- Refractory acute Bacterial Sinusitis (third line agent)
- Activity Spectrum
- Gram Negative Rod coverage (see other Fluoroquinolones)
- Atypical Bacteria
- Moderate Gram Positive activity
III. Mechanism
- See Fluoroquinolone
IV. Medications
-
Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
- Adult Dose 250 to 750 mg orally or IV daily
- QT Prolongation with Levofloxacin (Levaquin)
- Three fold increased risk of Sudden Cardiac Death while on Levofloxacin
- This appears to be a class effect with most Fluoroquinolones except Ciprofloxacin
- Ray (2013) N Engl J Med 366(20): 1881-90 [PubMed]
-
Moxifloxacin (Avelox)
- Low urine concentrations (avoid in UTI)
- No Pseudomonas coverage
- Highest risk Quinolone for QT Prolongation
- Sparfloxacin (Zagam)
- Associated with higher rates of Photosensitivity Reactions and was withdrawn from U.S. market in 2001
- Low urine concentrations (avoid in UTI)
- Gatifloxacin (Tequin)
- Removed from U.S. market in 2006 due to fatalities (Hypoglycemia related)
- Hypoglycemia with Gatifloxacin (Tequin)
- Has occurred in non-diabetics
- Contraindicated in Diabetes Mellitus
V. Adverse Effects
- See Fluoroquinolone
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gatifloxacin (on 12/21/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
GATIFLOXACIN 0.5% EYE DROPS | Generic | $10.81 per ml |
Ontology: sparfloxacin (C0052585)
Definition (NCI) | A fluoroquinolone antibiotic that inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase, thereby inhibiting DNA replication and transcription. Sparfloxacin was withdrawn from the U.S. market due to a high incidence of phototoxicity. |
Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | C061363 |
SnomedCT | 387554008, 96090000 |
LNC | LP17280-6, MTHU009179 |
English | sparfloxacin, sparfloxacin (medication), sparfloxacin [Chemical/Ingredient], 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-7-[(3R,5S)3,5-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl]-6,8-difluoro-4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid, 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-7-(cis-3,5-dimethyl-1-piperazinyl)- 6,8-difluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, Sparfloxacin, Sparfloxacin (product), Sparfloxacin (substance), SPARFLOXACIN |
Spanish | esparfloxacino, esparfloxacina (producto), esparfloxacino (producto), esparfloxacina, esparfloxacino (sustancia), esparfloxacina (sustancia) |
Ontology: Zagam (C0724448)
Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | C061363 |
English | Zagam, sparfloxacin (Zagam), Aventis Behring brand of sparfloxacin, Bertek brand of sparfloxacin |
Ontology: gatifloxacin (C0753645)
Definition (NCI) | A synthetic 8-methoxyfluoroquinolone with antibacterial activity against a wide range of gram-negative and gram-positive microorganisms. Gatifloxacin exerts its effect through inhibition of DNA gyrase, an enzyme involved in DNA replication, transcription and repair, and inhibition of topoisomerase IV, an enzyme involved in partitioning of chromosomal DNA during bacterial cell division. |
Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | C078049 |
SnomedCT | 371238005, 116349004 |
LNC | LP28719-0, MTHU014634 |
English | 1-cyclopropyl-1,4-dihydro-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-3-quinolinecarboxylic acid, 3-Quinolinecarboxylic acid, 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methyl-1-piperazinyl)-4-oxo-, 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-8-methoxy-7-(3-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-4-oxo-quinoline-3-carboxylic acid, Gatifloxacin product, gatifloxacin (medication), gatifloxacin, gatifloxacin [Chemical/Ingredient], GATIFLOXACIN, Gatifloxacin (product), Gatifloxacin (substance), Gatifloxacin, Gatifloxacin product (product) |
Spanish | gatifloxacina (producto), gatifloxacina (sustancia), gatifloxacino (sustancia), gatifloxacina, gatifloxacino, gatifloxacino (producto) |
Ontology: Tequin (C0876180)
Concepts | Antibiotic (T195) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | C078049 |
English | Tequin, tequin |