Viral Gastroenteritis

Aka: Viral Gastroenteritis, Acute Gastroenteritis, Gastroenteritis

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II. Definitions

  1. Gastroenteritis
    1. Rapid onset Diarrhea with or without Nausea, Vomiting, fever or Abdominal Pain
    2. Inflammation of the Gastrointestinal Tract (Stomache and Small Intestine)
    3. Typical presentation is Vomiting followed by Diarrhea

III. Causes: Viral Gastroenteritis

  1. See Infectious Diarrhea Causes
  2. Rotavirus
    1. Most common cause of Gastroenteritis in Children
    2. Fall-Winter outbreaks
    3. Peak ages: 6-24 months
    4. Typical duration 5-7 days
  3. Norovirus (Norwalk Virus)
    1. Most common cause of Gastroenteritis in adults
    2. Winter outbreaks
    3. Affects all ages
    4. Typical duration 2-5 days
    5. Common outbreaks via Foodborne Illness in Nursing Homes, dormitories, cruise ships
  4. Astrovirus
    1. Winter outbreaks
    2. Affects all ages
    3. Typical duration 3 days
  5. Adenovirus
    1. Summer outbreaks
    2. Typicall affects children
    3. Typical duration 6-9 days

IV. Signs: Presentations

  1. See Vomiting
  2. See Vomiting in Children
  3. See Diarrhea
  4. See Diarrhea in Children

V. Differential Diagnosis

  1. See Vomiting Causes
  2. See Waterborne Illness
  3. See Foodborne Illness
  4. See Infectious Diarrhea Causes
  5. See Diarrhea
  6. See Traveler's Diarrhea
  7. See Osmotic Diarrhea
  8. See Secretory Diarrhea
  9. See Acute Hepatitis Causes

VI. Management

  1. Dehydration
    1. See Oral Rehydration Solution
    2. See Pediatric Dehydration
  2. Vomiting
    1. See Vomiting
    2. See Antiemetic
    3. See Vomiting Management in Children
    4. See Vomiting in Pregnancy
  3. Diarrhea
    1. See Diarrhea
    2. See Traveler's Diarrhea Management
  4. Diarrhea in Children
    1. See Diarrhea Management in Children
    2. See Management of Moderate Diarrhea under age 2 years
    3. See Management of Mild Diarrhea under age 2 years
    4. See Pediatric Diarrhea Fluid Replacement

VII. Prevention

  1. See Traveler's Diarrhea Prophylaxis
  2. See Traveler's Diarrhea Prevention
  3. See Prevention of Foodborne Illness
  4. See Rotavirus Vaccine

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