II. Indications
- Solid Organ Transplant Immunosuppression (maintenance prevention of rejection)
III. Preparations
- Cyclosporine (Sandimmune)
- Tacrolimus (Prograf)
- Voclosporin
IV. Adverse Effects
- Cardiovascular adverse effects
- Hypertension
- Hyperlipidemia (Cyclosporine)
- Neurologic adverse effects
- Miscellaneous adverse effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Hyperkalemia
- Gingival Hyperplasia (Cyclosporine)
- Diabetes Mellitus (Tacrolimus)
V. Drug Interactions: Agents that increase Calcineurin Inhibitor concentrations
- See Cytochrome P-450 3A4
- Antibiotics
- Aminoglycosides
- Ofloxacin (other Fluoroquinolones such as Ciprofloxacin and Levofloxacin may be used with caution)
- Erythromycin (and Clarithromycin to a lesser extent)
- Metronidazole (Flagyl)
-
Antifungal agents
- Amphoteracin B
- Fluconazole
- Itraconazole
- Ketoconazole
- Cardiovascular agents
- Amiodarone
- Spironolactone (Hyperkalemia risk)
- Nondihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers (Diltiazem, Verapamil)
- Foods
- Grapefruit (and juice)
- Pineapple, papaya (affect Cyclosporine)
- Pomegantes (and juice)
- Misellaneous agents
VI. Drug Interactions: Agents that decrease Calcineurin Inhbitor concentrations
- See Cytochrome P-450 3A4
- Antibiotics
- Seizure medications
- Supplements
- Echinacea (risk of Transplant Rejection)
- St. John's Wort
- Gastrointestinal agents
- Miscellaneous agents
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Related Studies
cyclosporine (on 12/21/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
CYCLOSPORINE 0.05% EYE EMULSION | Generic | $3.93 each |
CYCLOSPORINE 100 MG CAPSULE | Generic | $6.70 each |
CYCLOSPORINE 25 MG CAPSULE | Generic | $2.30 each |
CYCLOSPORINE MODIFIED 100 MG | Generic | $1.44 each |
CYCLOSPORINE MODIFIED 25 MG | Generic | $0.43 each |
CYCLOSPORINE MODIFIED 50 MG | Generic | $1.16 each |
tacrolimus (on 11/2/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
TACROLIMUS 0.03% OINTMENT | Generic | $0.73 per gram |
TACROLIMUS 0.1% OINTMENT | Generic | $1.91 per gram |
TACROLIMUS 0.5 MG CAPSULE (IMMEDIATE RELEASE) | Generic | $0.19 each |
TACROLIMUS 1 MG CAPSULE (IMMEDIATE RELEASE) | Generic | $0.28 each |
TACROLIMUS 5 MG CAPSULE (IMMEDIATE RELEASE) | Generic | $1.55 each |
prograf (on 1/12/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
PROGRAF 0.5 MG CAPSULE | Generic | $0.19 each |
PROGRAF 1 MG CAPSULE | Generic | $0.28 each |