II. Pathophysiology
- Stenotrophomonas Maltophilia (previously in genus Xanthomonas)
- Aerobic Gram Negative Rod
- Identifying features
- Oxidase negative
- Non-lactose fermenter
- Sources
- Soil
- Plants (rhizospheres)
- Water
- Colonizes the normal respiratory tract
III. Risk Factors
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Immunocompromised State
- Hospitalized patients
IV. Associated Conditions
-
Nosocomial Infections (common)
- Ocular infections
- Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (esp. Cystic Fibrosis)
- Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infection (CLABSI)
- Other associated infections (uncommon, case reports)
- Endocarditis
- Medical Implant Infections
- Soft tissue and Bone Infections
- Meningitis and other CNS Infections
- Urinary Tract Infections
- Gastrointestinal Infections
V. Management
- Multi-drug Resistance (covered by a narrow Antibiotic spectrum)
- First-Line Empiric Antibiotics in Mild Infections
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
- Combination Empiric Therapy in moderate to severe infections (choose 2 agents)
- Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole
- Levofloxacin
- Minocycyline
- Cefiderocol
- Alternative, empiric 2 drug regimen in severe infections
VI. References
- Gladwin, Trattler and Mahan (2014) Clinical Microbiology, Medmaster, Fl, p. 94-5
- Sanford Guide, accessed on IOS 2/2/2025
- Brooke (2021) Clin Microbiol Rev 34(3):e0003019 +PMID: 34043457 [PubMed]
- Brooke (2012) Clin Microbiol Rev 25(1):2-41 +PMID: 22232370 [PubMed]