II. Pathophysiology
- Burkholderia Cepacia represents a group of at least 24 individual species (genomovars)
- Genomovars are grouped species, phenotypically similar, but genotypically distinct
- Burkholderia species were previously classified under the genus Pseudomonas
-
Aerobic Gram Negative Rod
- Multi-drug resistance (including Topical Antiseptics) is common
- Causes opportunistic infections in susceptible hosts
- Identifying factors
- Oxidase positive
- Non-lactose fermenter
- Grows on selective media with colistin
- Sources
- Water (lakes, rivers, drinking water)
- Soil and crop plants (rhizosphere)
- Plant associated diseases include Onion Rot
- Water-based pharmaceuticals and personal care products
- Intravenous drugs and solutions
- Nasal sprays
- Mouthwash
- Preoperative skin solutions
- Hand sanitizers
- Benzalkonium chloride (BZK) solutions
III. Risk Factors
-
Nosocomial Infection (e.g ICU)
- Burn Injury
- Mechanical Ventilation via endotrcheal tubes
- Urinary Catheters
- Hemodialysis
-
Cystic Fibrosis (highest risk)
- Carrier state
- Bronchiectasis
- Pneumonia (rapid progression)
- Other risks
- Chronic Granulomatous Disease
- Immunocompromised patients
- Elderly
IV. Management: Antibiotics
- Variable Antibiotic susceptibility
- First-Line empiric therapy until cultures with susceptibility
- Alternative empiric therapy
V. References
- Gladwin, Trattler and Mahan (2014) Clinical Microbiology, Medmaster, Fl, p. 93
- Sanford Guide, accessed on IOS 2/2/2025
- Tavares (2020) Clin Microbiol Rev 33(3):e00139-19 +PMID: 32295766 [PubMed]
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Related Studies
| Definition (NCI) | A species of aerobic, gram-negative bacilli in the phylum Proteobacteria. |
| Definition (NCI_CDISC) | Any bacterial organism that can be assigned to the species Burkholderia cepacia. |
| Definition (MSH) | A species of BURKHOLDERIA considered to be an opportunistic human pathogen. It has been associated with various types of infections of nosocomial origin. |
| Concepts | Bacterium (T007) |
| MSH | D016956 |
| SnomedCT | 84061006, 113669008 |
| English | Pseudomonas cepacia, Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas cepacia (ex Burkholder 1950) Palleroni and Holmes 1981, Burkholderia cepacia (Palleroni and Holmes 1981) Yabuuchi et al. 1993, CDC Group EO-1, burkholderia cepacia, pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas kingii, Pseudomonas cepacia (organism), CDC GROUP EO-1, PSEUDOMONAS CEPACIA, BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA, Burkholderia cepacia genomovar I, Pseudomonas multivorans, Burkholderia cepacia (organism) |
| Swedish | Burkholderia cepacia |
| Czech | Burkholderia cepacia |
| Finnish | Burkholderia cepacia |
| Italian | Pseudomonas cepacia, Burkholderia cepacia |
| Japanese | シュードモナス･セパシア |
| French | Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas cepacia |
| Polish | Pseudomonas cepacia, Burkholderia cepacia |
| Spanish | Pseudomonas cepacia, Pseudomonas cepacia (organismo), Burkholderia cepacia (organismo), Burkholderia cepacia |
| Norwegian | Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas cepacia |
| German | Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas cepacia |
| Russian | BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA, PSEUDOMONAS CEPACIA |
| Dutch | Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas cepacia |
| Portuguese | Burkholderia cepacia, Pseudomonas cepacia |
Ontology: Burkholderia cepacia complex (C1038817)
| Definition (NCI) | A non taxonomic grouping of bacteria assigned to and including at least nine related species from the Burkholderia genus. |
| Definition (NCI_CDISC) | A non-taxonomic grouping of bacteria assigned to and including at least nine related species from the Burkholderia genus. |
| Definition (MSH) | A group of phenotypically similar but genotypically distinct species (genomovars) in the genus BURKHOLDERIA. They are found in water, soil, and the rhizosphere of crop plants. They can act as opportunistic human pathogens and as plant growth promoting and biocontrol agents. |
| Concepts | Bacterium (T007) |
| MSH | D042602 |
| SnomedCT | 131281002 |
| Swedish | Burkholderia cepacia-komplex |
| Czech | Burkholderia cepacia - komplex |
| Finnish | Burkholderia cepacia -kompleksi |
| Russian | BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA KOMPLEKS, BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA КОМПЛЕКС |
| English | Burkholderia cepacia Complex, BURKHOLDERIA CEPACIA COMPLEX, Burkholderia cepacia complex, Burkholderia cepacia complex (organism) |
| Polish | Grupa Burkholderia cepacia |
| Norwegian | Burkholderia cepacia complex |
| Spanish | complejo Burkholderia cepacia (organismo), complejo Burkholderia cepacia, Complejo Burkholderia cepacia |
| French | Burkholderia cepacia complex, Complexe Burkholderia cepacia |
| German | Burkholderia-cepacia-Gruppe |
| Italian | Complesso della Burkholderia cepacia |
| Dutch | Burkholderia cepacia complex |
| Portuguese | Complexo Burkholderia cepacia |
