II. Physiology
- Rectum is lower 10 to 15 cm of Large Intestine
III. Anatomy: Images
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Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
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Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
IV. Anatomy
- Perianal skin
- Typical skin that bears hair and glands
- Anal Verge
- Analogous to vermillion border of lips
- Squamous Epithelium
- Exquisitely sensitive
- Shiny white mucosa
- External Hemorrhoids start here
- Dentate Line (Pectinate Line)
- Divides squamous epithelium from columnar epithelium
- Delineates end of pain sensory fibers
- Contains Anal glands (4 to 8)
- Drain into Crypts of Morgagni
- Responsible for most rectal abscesses and fistulae
- Mucosal Glandular Epithelium
- No Pain Sensation (stretch nerve fibers present)
- Deeper pink or red mucosa
- Internal Hemorrhoids start here
- Valves of Houston (superior, middle, and inferior)
- Prominent mucosal folds within Rectum
V. History
VI. Examination
- Patient position and preparation
- Left lateral decubitus position
- Assistant or patient spreads buttocks
- Findings on Inspection
- Rectal Examination
VII. References
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| Definition (MSHCZE) | Distální součást STŘEVA TLUSTÉHO vymezená esovitou kličkou (COLON SIGMOIDEUM) a ANÁLNÍM KANÁLEM. |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | The last several inches of the large intestine closest to the anus. |
| Definition (NCI_CDISC) | The terminal portion of the gastrointestinal tract, extending from the rectosigmoid junction to the anal canal. (NCI) |
| Definition (NCI) | The terminal portion of the gastrointestinal tract, extending from the rectosigmoid junction to the anal canal. |
| Definition (MSH) | The distal segment of the LARGE INTESTINE, between the SIGMOID COLON and the ANAL CANAL. |
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| MSH | D012007 |
| SnomedCT | 34402009 |
| HL7 | RECTU |
| LNC | LP7540-0, MTHU001439, LA16840-3 |
| English | Rectum, Rectums, Hemorrhoidal, rectum, rectums, LARGE INTESTINE, RECTUM, RECTUM, Rectum structure, Rectum structure (body structure), Rectum, NOS |
| Swedish | Ändtarm |
| Czech | rektum, konečník |
| Finnish | Peräsuoli |
| Russian | KISHKA PRIAMAIA, PRIAMAIA KISHKA, КИШКА ПРЯМАЯ, ПРЯМАЯ КИШКА |
| Croatian | REKTUM |
| Latvian | Taisnā zarna |
| Polish | Odbytnica, Prostnica |
| Norwegian | Endetarm, Rektum |
| Spanish | estructura del recto (estructura corporal), estructura del recto, recto, Recto |
| French | Rectum |
| German | Rectum, Rektum, Mastdarm |
| Italian | Retto |
| Dutch | Endeldarm, Rectum |
| Portuguese | Reto |
Ontology: Anorectal structure (C0459883)
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| SnomedCT | 281088000 |
| English | Anorectal structure, Anorectal structure (body structure) |
| Spanish | estructura anorrectal (estructura corporal), estructura anorrectal |
Ontology: Anorectal disorder (C0687707)
| Definition (CSP) | disturbance of structure, function, or both of the anus and/or rectum. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| SnomedCT | 426867001 |
| Italian | Patologia anorettale, Patologia ano-rettale NAS, Patologia anorettale (NAS) |
| Dutch | anorectale aandoening (NAO), anorectale aandoening NAO, anorectale aandoening |
| French | Trouble anorectal SAI, Affection anorectale SAI, Trouble anorectal |
| German | anorektale Erkrankung NNB, anorektale Erkrankung (NNB), anorektale Erkrankung |
| Portuguese | Afecção anorrectal NE, Afecção ano-rectal |
| Spanish | Trastorno anorrectal NEOM, Trastorno anorrectal (NEOM), trastorno anorrectal, trastorno anorrectal (trastorno), Trastorno anorrectal |
| Japanese | 肛門直腸障害ＮＯＳ, 肛門直腸障害, 肛門直腸障害（ＮＯＳ）, ｺｳﾓﾝﾁｮｸﾁｮｳｼｮｳｶﾞｲNOS, ｺｳﾓﾝﾁｮｸﾁｮｳｼｮｳｶﾞｲ |
| English | Anorectal disorder (disorder), Anorectal disorder, Ano-rectal disorder NOS, Disorder anorectal (NOS), anorectal disorders, anorectal disorder, Anorectal diseases |
| Czech | Anorektální porucha, Anorektální porucha NOS, Anorektální porucha (NOS) |
| Hungarian | Ano-rectalis betegség k.m.n., Anorectalis betegség, Anorectalis betegség (k.m.n.) |
Ontology: Pectinate line (C0821671)
| Concepts | Body Location or Region (T029) |
| English | Linea pectinata, Pectinate line, pectinate line, Pectinate Line |
