II. Epidemiology
- Most common US cause of Neonatal Sepsis and Meningitis
-
Incidence
- Overall: 2 to 4 per 1000 live births
- Invasive: 1.8 per 1000 live births
- Primarily occurs in newborns
- Very rare after 5 months of age
III. Risk Factors
- Gestational age <37 weeks
- Maternal GBS colonization isolated from mother's vagina, Rectum or urine
- Inadequate GBS Prophylaxis (if indicated)
- Prolonged Rupture of Membranes >18 hours
- Maternal Chorioamnionitis
- Adair (2003) CMAJ 169(3):198-203 [PubMed]
IV. Pathophysiology
- Group B Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus infection
- Perinatal transmission
- Delivery via a birth canal colonized with GBS
- Incidence of U.S. vaginal GBS colonization: 15-20%
- Onset of infection (Mean onset 20 hours of life)
- Early onset neonatal disease
- Presentations
- Clinical infection signs in 95% within 24 hours
- Maternal prophylaxis does not delay diagnosis
- Bromberger (2000) Pediatrics 106:244-50 [PubMed]
- Late onset neonatal disease
- Early onset neonatal disease
V. Signs
- See Neonatal Sepsis
VI. Labs
- Newborn
- See Neonatal Sepsis for lab evaluation
- Maternal Screening
- GBS Culture in all pregnant women at 35-37 weeks
VII. Management: Initial
- See Group B Streptococcus Prophylaxis
- Includes guidelines for neonatal evaluation
- See Neonatal Sepsis for initial Antibiotic management
- Convert to Antibiotics below when organism identified
VIII. Management: Group B Streptococcus based on culture
-
Sepsis (treat for 10-14 days)
- Penicillin G 200,000 units/kg/day divided q4-6 hours
-
Meningitis (treat for 14-21 days)
- Penicillin G 400,000 units/kg/day divided q2-4 hours
IX. Prevention
- Perinatal Group B Streptococcus Prophylaxis
X. Prognosis
- Mortality 10-40%
XI. References
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| ICD9 | 482.32 |
| ICD10 | J15.3 |
| SnomedCT | 195886008 |
| English | Pneumonia due to streptococcus, group B, Group B streptococc pneumonia, Group B streptococcal pneumonia, Pneumonia due to Streptococcus, group b, Pneumonia strptococcus b, group b streptococcal pneumonia, Group B, Pneumonia due to Streptococcus, group B, streptococcal group B pneumonia, group B streptococcal pneumonia, group B streptococcal pneumonia (diagnosis), Group B streptococcal pneumonia (disorder), pneumonia; streptoccocal, group B, streptoccocal; pneumonia, group B, Pneumonia due to Streptococcus Group B |
| Dutch | pneumonie door Streptococcus groep B, pneumonie; streptokokken, groep B, streptokokken; pneumonie, groep B, Pneumonie door Streptococcus, groep B |
| French | Pneumonie à Streptococcus, groupe B |
| German | Pneumonie durch Streptokokken, Gruppe b, Pneumonie durch Streptokokken der Gruppe B |
| Italian | Polmonite da Streptococco, gruppo B |
| Portuguese | Pneumonia por estreptococo grupo B |
| Spanish | Neumonía por estreptococo del grupo B, neumonía estreptocócica del grupo B (trastorno), neumonía estreptocócica del grupo B |
| Japanese | Ｂ群レンサ球菌性肺炎, Bｸﾞﾝﾚﾝｻｷｭｳｷﾝｾｲﾊｲｴﾝ |
| Czech | Pneumonie vyvolaná streptokokem skupiny B |
| Korean | B군 사슬알균에 의한 폐렴 |
| Hungarian | B-csoportú Streptococcus okozta pneumonia |
Ontology: Group B streptococcus neonatal sepsis (C1096069)
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| Italian | Sepsi neonatale da Streptococco di gruppo B |
| Japanese | Ｂ群レンサ球菌性新生児敗血症, Bｸﾞﾝﾚﾝｻｷｭｳｷﾝｾｲｼﾝｾｲｼﾞﾊｲｹﾂｼｮｳ |
| Czech | Novorozenecká sepse vyvolaná streptokokem skupiny B |
| Hungarian | újszülöttkori B csoportú Streptococcus sepsis |
| English | Group B streptococcus neonatal sepsis |
| Portuguese | Sépsia estrepcotócica do grupo B neonatal |
| Spanish | Sepsis neonatal por estreptococo grupo B |
| Dutch | groep B streptokokken-sepsis neonataal |
| French | Septicémie néonatale par streptocoque de groupe B |
| German | Streptococcus Gruppe B neonatale Sepsis |
Ontology: Streptococcus group B infection of the infant (C1319000)
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| SnomedCT | 405633009 |
| English | Streptococcus group B infection of the infant (disorder), Streptococcus group B infection of the infant, Infantile group B strep infection |
| Spanish | infección por Streptococcus del grupo B en el lactante (trastorno), infección por Streptococcus del grupo B en el lactante |
Ontology: Group B Streptococcal Infection (C2020625)
| Definition (NCI) | Group B Streptococcus, also known as Streptococcus agalactiae, colonizes the vaginal and gastrointestinal tracts of up to 45% of healthy women and may infect neonates in utero or during delivery, causing neonatal sepsis in 1-2% of colonized neonates. GBS infection may also occur in nonpregnant (particularly elderly) adults with underlying medical conditions, presenting as urinary tract infection, pneumonia, or soft-tissue infection. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| English | group B streptococcal infection, group B streptococcal infection (diagnosis), GBS, Group B Streptococcal Infection |
