Human Immunodeficiency Virus

Aka: Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV Infection, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, AIDS, Retrovirus, Retroviridae

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II. Definitions

  1. Retrovirus
    1. Virus that generates complementary DNA from RNA via reverse transcriptase enzyme
    2. Virus then inserts its DNA into the host DNA via integrase enzyme
    3. Human Retroviruses include HIV-1, HIV-2 and HTLV
  2. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)
    1. Single-stranded RNA Retrovirus, a Sexually Transmitted Infection as well as bloodbourne pathogen
    2. HIV 1 is the most common worldwide HIV form and is the major cause of AIDS
    3. HIV 2 causes a similar presentation to HIV 1 and is found in South Africa and India
  3. Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
    1. Acquired Immunodeficiency of cellular Immunity (T-Helper Cell reduction) resulting from HIV Infection
    2. Onset typically occurs years after Acute HIV Infection (esp. delayed with current Antiretroviral therapy)
    3. Complicated by opportunistic infections (e.g. PCP Pneumonia, Tuberculosis, Candidiasis)
    4. Complicated by malignancy (e.g. Kaposi Sarcoma)

III. Epidemiology: Global Statistics: WHO

  1. HIV Prevalence: 36.7 M people worldwide (2015)
    1. Africa alone accounts for 25.5 M cases
    2. Women account for 50% of cases worldwide
    3. Children (age<15) account for 1.8 Million cases worldwide
    4. U.S. Cases: 1.2 M (in 2019)
  2. HIV Incidence: 2.1 M new cases worldwide (2015)
    1. Children (age <15) account for 150,000 new cases per year
  3. AIDS
    1. AIDS Deaths 1.1 M, of which 110,000 were children (2015)
  4. References
    1. (2015) WHO Global Summary (accessed 11/01/2016)
      1. http://www.who.int/hiv/data/epi_core_2016.png?ua=1

IV. Epidemiology: United States Statistics (CDC)

  1. HIV Incidence: 44,000 new cases per year (2014)
    1. Annual new cases has fallen 19% since 2004
  2. HIV new infection rates growing in specific groups
    1. Young persons aged 18 to 24 years
    2. Heterosexual patients
    3. Rural areas
    4. African-American and Latino women
  3. HIV Prevalence
    1. Overall in U.S.: 1.2 Million HIV infected persons as of 2014 (1 in 8 are unaware of status)
    2. Prevalence rate in ages 15-49: 0.6%
  4. AIDS Mortality
    1. Annual deaths due to AIDS: 12,963 deaths (2013)
    2. Leading cause of death in adults ages 25-44 years
  5. AIDS
    1. Incidence: 20,896 new cases per year (2014)
  6. Transmission (as of 2014)
    1. Highest rates of new cases are Men who have Sex with Men
    2. Black heterosexual women also represent a disproportionate number of new cases
    3. New cases in white gay and bisexual men has fallen, while black and latino new cases have risen
    4. Black patients represent 12% of U.S., but account for 44% of new cases per year (2014)
  7. Intravenous Drug Abuse
    1. Accounts for 6% of new cases per year (2014)
  8. Gender
    1. Women living with HIV in U.S.: 284,000 or 23% (in 2012)
    2. Race and Ethnicity (2014)
    3. Caucasian (22% of new cases)
    4. Asian American (2% of new cases)
    5. African Americans (44% of new cases) - disproportionate to 12% of total U.S. population
    6. Latino (24% of new cases) - disproportionate to 17% of total U.S. population
  9. References
    1. (2016) CDC - HIV in the U.S. at a glance (accessed 11/1/2016)
      1. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/statistics/overview/ataglance.html

V. Pathophysiology

  1. See HIV Exposure
  2. See HIV Transmission
  3. HIV infects T Helper Cells (CD4+ Cells)
    1. CD4+ Cell to CD8+ Cell ratio is normally 2:1
    2. CD4+ Cell to CD8+ Cell ratio drops as low as 0.5 : 1 in HIV and AIDS

VI. Risk Factors

  1. See HIV Risk Factor
  2. See HIV Screening Questions

VII. Findings

  1. See HIV Presentation (Acute Retroviral Syndrome)
  2. See AIDS-Defining Illness

VIII. Labs

  1. See HIV Screening

IX. Course

  1. See HIV Course

X. Complications

  1. See HIV Complications
  2. See AIDS-Defining Illness
  3. See HIV Course

XI. Management

  1. Anti-Retroviral Therapy

XII. Prevention

  1. See Sexually Transmitted Disease
  2. See HIV Preexposure Prophylaxis
  3. See Bloodborne Pathogen Exposure
  4. Regularly screen for Suicidality
    1. Significantly higer risk of Suicidality in patients living with HIV
    2. Tsai (2022) Psychosom Med 84(8): 924-39 [PubMed]
    3. Pelton (2021) Gen Psychiatr 34(2): e100247 [PubMed]

XIII. References

  1. WHO Global Summary (accessed 11/01/2016)
    1. https://www.who.int/data/gho/data/themes/hiv-aids
  2. (2016) CDC - HIV in the U.S. at a glance (accessed 11/1/2016)
    1. http://www.cdc.gov/hiv/statistics/overview/ataglance.html

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Related Studies

Ontology: Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (C0001175)

Definition (MSHFRE) Immunodéficience cellulaire acquise, associée à l'infection par le virus de l'immunodéficience humaine (VIH). Selon les critères du CDC définis en 1993, le sida correspond à un nombre de lymphocytes T CD4 inférieur à 200 cellules/microlitre ou inférieur à 14% des lymphocytes totaux, à une augmentation de la susceptibilité aux infections opportunistes et à l'apparition de néoplasies. Les manifestations cliniques incluent des pertes de poids (diarrhée) et une démence.
Definition (NCI) A syndrome resulting from the acquired deficiency of cellular immunity caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). It is characterized by the reduction of the Helper T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood and the lymph nodes. Symptoms include generalized lymphadenopathy, fever, weight loss, and chronic diarrhea. Patients with AIDS are especially susceptible to opportunistic infections (usually pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections, tuberculosis, candida infections, and cryptococcosis), and the development of malignant neoplasms (usually non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and Kaposi's sarcoma). The human immunodeficiency virus is transmitted through sexual contact, sharing of contaminated needles, or transfusion of contaminated blood.
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A disease caused by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). People with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome are at an increased risk for developing certain cancers and for infections that usually occur only in individuals with a weak immune system.
Definition (MSH) An acquired defect of cellular immunity associated with infection by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a CD4-positive T-lymphocyte count under 200 cells/microliter or less than 14% of total lymphocytes, and increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections and malignant neoplasms. Clinical manifestations also include emaciation (wasting) and dementia. These elements reflect criteria for AIDS as defined by the CDC in 1993.
Definition (CSP) one or more indicator diseases, depending on laboratory evidence of HIV infection (CDC); late phase of HIV infection characterized by marked suppression of immune function resulting in opportunistic infections, neoplasms, and other systemic symptoms (NIAID).
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D000163
ICD10 B20
SnomedCT 62479008, 234644008, 266201009, 186705005, 186715004
LNC LA10430-9
English Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndromes, AIDS, Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired, Immuno-Deficiency Syndromes, Acquired, Immunodeficiency Syndrome, Acquired, Immunodeficiency Syndromes, Acquired, Immunologic Deficiency Syndrome, Acquired, Syndrome, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency, Syndrome, Acquired Immunodeficiency, Syndromes, Acquired Immuno-Deficiency, Syndromes, Acquired Immunodeficiency, ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDR, acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS - Acquired immunodef synd, Acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection syndrome NOS, Acquired immune def.syndr.NOS, Acquired immunodeficiency synd, Immunodef-hum immunodef virus, Immunodeficiency due to human immunodefic virus infection, IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME ACQUIRED <AIDS>, AIDS (disorder), Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS), IMMUNODEFIC SYNDROME ACQUIRED, ACQUIRED IMMUNO DEFIC SYNDROME, ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFIC SYNDROME, IMMUNOL DEFIC SYNDROME ACQUIRED, ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFIC SYNDROME, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV-1 stage 6), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (diagnosis), acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), Acquired immune deficiency syndr, Acquired immuno deficiency syndrome, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome NOS, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, unspecified, IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROME ACQUIRED AIDS, acquired immune deficiency syndrome [AIDS], Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome [Disease/Finding], AIDS disorders, autoimmune deficiency syndrome, Acquired immunodeficiency syndromes, Acquired immune defic. synd., Acquired human immunodeficiency virus infection syndrome NOS (disorder), Acquired immune defic. syndr., Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (disorder), Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) (disorder), ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS, ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS - Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, Immunodeficiency due to human immunodeficiency virus infection, acquired; immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS, NOS, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome, NOS, Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, NOS, Acquired Immune Deficiency, Autoimmune deficiency syndrome, Acquired Immun-Deficiency Synd, acquired immun-deficiency synd
German ERWORBENES IMMUNDEFEKTSYNDROM, erworbenes Autoimmunmangelsyndrom, erworbenes Autoimmunmangelsyndr, erworbenes Autoimmunmangelsyndrom, unspezifisch, erworbenes Immunmangelsyndrom NNB, Autoimmunmangelsyndrom, Erworbene Immundefektsyndrome, erworbenes Immunmangelsyndrom, AIDS, Erworbenes Immundefektsyndrom, Immundefektsyndrom, erworbenes, Immunologisches Defektsyndrom, erworbenes
Italian Sindromi da immunodeficienza acquisita, Sindrome da immunodeficienza acquisita, NAS, Sindrome da deficienza autoimmunitaria, Sindrome da immunodeficienza acquisita, non specificata, AIDS, Sindrome da deficienza immunologica acquisita, Sindrome da immunodeficienza acquisita
Spanish SIDA - síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA), Síndrome de autoinmunodeficiencia, Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida no especificado, Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida NEOM, SIDA (trastorno), SINDROME INMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIR, síndrome de infección por el VIH, síndrome infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana adquirida, SAI (trastorno), síndrome de infección por el HIV, síndrome infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana adquirida, SAI, Síndrome de la Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida, síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (trastorno), síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida (SIDA) (trastorno), SIDA, síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, Síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, Síndromes de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, Síndrome de Deficiencia Inmunológica Adquirida, Síndrome de Inmunodeficiencia Adquirida
Dutch acquired immunodeficiency syndrome NAO, auto-immuun deficiëntiesyndroom, AIDS, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, niet-gespecificeerd, verworven; immunodeficiëntie syndroom, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, verworven immunodeficiëntiesyndromen, Aids, Immunodeficiëntiesyndroom, verworven, Verworven immunodeficiëntiesyndroom
French Syndr d'immunodéficience acquise, Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise SAI, Syndrome d'immunodéficience humaine acquise, Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise, non précisée, Syndrome de déficience auto-immune, SYND D'IMMUNODEFICIENCE ACQUISE, Syndrome immunodéficitaire acquis, Syndrome immuno-déficitaire acquis, Syndromes d'immunodéficience acquise, SIDA, Syndrome d'immunodéficience acquise
Portuguese Síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida, Síndrome de imunodeficiência adquirida NE, Síndrome de deficiência auto-imune, Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida, SINDROME DE IMUNODEFIC. ADQUIRIDA, SIDA, Síndrome da Deficiência Imunológica Adquirida, Síndroma de imunodeficiência adquirida, Síndromes de imunodeficiência adquirida, AIDS, Síndrome de Deficiência Imunológica Adquirida, Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida
Japanese 自己免疫不全症候群, 後天性免疫不全症候群ＮＯＳ, 後天性免疫不全症候群、詳細不明, ｼﾞｺﾒﾝｴｷﾌｾﾞﾝｼｮｳｺｳｸﾞﾝ, ｺｳﾃﾝｾｲﾒﾝｴｷﾌｾﾞﾝｼｮｳｺｳｸﾞﾝｼｮｳｻｲﾌﾒｲ, ｺｳﾃﾝｾｲﾒﾝｴｷﾌｾﾞﾝｼｮｳｺｳｸﾞﾝ, ｴｲｽﾞ, ｺｳﾃﾝｾｲﾒﾝｴｷﾌｾﾞﾝｼｮｳｺｳｸﾞﾝNOS, 免疫不全症候群-後天性, エイズ, 後天性免疫不全症候群
Swedish AIDS
Czech syndrom získané imunodeficience, AIDS, Syndrom získané imunodeficience, Syndrom získané imunodeficience, blíže neurčený, Syndromy získané imunodeficience, Syndrom autoimunitní imunodeficience, Syndrom získané imunodeficience NOS
Finnish Immuunikato
Russian SINDROM PRIOBRETENNOGO IMMUNODEFITSITA, SPID, CHELOVECHESKII T-LIMFOTSITARNYI VIRUS-III, INFEKTSIIA, IMMUNODEFITSITA SINDROM PRIOBRETENNYI, ИММУНОДЕФИЦИТА СИНДРОМ ПРИОБРЕТЕННЫЙ, СИНДРОМ ПРИОБРЕТЕННОГО ИММУНОДЕФИЦИТА, СПИД, ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ T-ЛИМФОЦИТАРНЫЙ ВИРУС-III, ИНФЕКЦИЯ
Croatian SINDROM STEČENE IMUNODEFICIJENCIJE
Polish Zespół nabytego upośledzenia odporności, SIDA, AIDS, Zespół nabytego braku odporności
Hungarian Szerzett immunhiány syndromák, AIDS, szerzett immunhiány szindróma k.m.n., Szerzett immunhiány szindróma, Szerzett immunhiány szindróma, nem meghatározott, Autoimmun hiány-syndroma, szerzett immunhiányos szindróma
Norwegian Ervervet immunsviktsyndrom, Immunsviktsyndrom, ervervet, Aids
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: HIV Infections (C0019693)

Definition (NCI_CDISC) Any state accompanied by evidence of human immunodeficiency virus in the body (positive test for HIV genome, cDNA, proteins, antigens, or antibodies).
Definition (NCI) An infection caused by the human immunodeficiency virus.
Definition (MSH) Includes the spectrum of human immunodeficiency virus infections that range from asymptomatic seropositivity, thru AIDS-related complex (ARC), to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
Definition (CSP) any state of infection accompanied by evidence of HIV in the body (positive test for HIV genome, cDNA, proteins, antigens, or antibodies); may be medically asymptomatic or symptomatic; use AIDS when appropriate.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D015658
ICD9 042, 042-042.99
ICD10 B20-B24.9 , B24, B20, B20-B20
SnomedCT 123321001, 187438009, 187453001, 186705005, 86406008
LNC MTHU020829, LA12565-0
English HTLV III Infections, HTLV III LAV Infections, HTLV-III Infections, HTLV-III-LAV Infections, Infection, HIV, Infection, HTLV-III, Infection, HTLV-III-LAV, Infections, HIV, Infections, HTLV-III, Infections, HTLV-III-LAV, T-Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human, HIV disease, Unspecified HIV disease, Unspecified human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease, [X]HIV disease, [X]Human immunodeficiency virus disease, [X]Unspecified HIV disease, [X]Unspecified human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease, LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE III INFECTIONS HUMAN T, HTLV III INFECT, HTLV WIII LAV INFECTIONS, HTLV WIII INFECTIONS, T LYMPHOTROPIC VIRUS TYPE III INFECT HUMAN, HIV INFECT, HTLV III LAV INFECT, HTLV-III/LAV infection, NOS, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, HIV seropositivity or positivity, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (diagnosis), human T-lymphotropic virus 3 (HTLV-III) infection (diagnosis), lymphadenopathy-associated virus (diagnosis), lymphadenopathy-associated virus, human T-lymphotropic virus 3 (HTLV-III) infection, HIV infection NOS, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, unspecified, Human immunodeficiency virus syndrome, Human immuno virus dis, Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease, HIV Infections [Disease/Finding], Infection;HIV, Human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease (B20), HTLV-III Infection, HTLV-III-LAV Infection, T Lymphotropic Virus Type III Infections, Human, [X]Human immunodeficiency virus disease (disorder), HTLV-III/LAV infection, [X]Unspecified human immunodeficiency virus [HIV] disease (disorder), HTLV-III/LAV infection (disorder), human immunodeficiency virus infection, HIV infections, HIV, HIV infection, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, HIV - Human immunodeficiency virus infection, Human immunodeficiency virus infection (disorder), HIV disease; disease (i.e. caused by HIV disease), HIV disease; infection, disease (or disorder); HIV disease (resulting from HIV disease), disease (or disorder); resulting from HIV disease, human immunodeficiency virus; disease, immunodeficiency virus disease; human, infection; HIV disease as cause, Human immunodeficiency virus infection, NOS, HTLV-III/LAV infection -RETIRED-, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, HIV Infection, Human immunodeficiency virus disease, HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS [HIV] INFECTION, HIV Infections
Italian Infezione da virus dell'immunodeficienza umana, Malattia da virus dell'immunodeficienza umana, Infezione da virus dell'immunodeficienza umana, NAS, Infezione da virus dell'immunodeficienza umana (HIV), non specificata, Virus dell'immunodeficienza umana (HIV), sindrome, Infezioni da virus di tipo III T-linfotropo umano, Infezioni da HTLV-III-LAV, Infezioni da HTLV-III, Infezioni da HIV
Dutch HIV-ziekte, humaan immunodeficiëntievirusinfectie, niet-gespecificeerd, HIV-infectie NAO, humaan immunodeficiëntievirussyndroom, HIV-ziekte; aandoening (als gevolg), HIV-ziekte; infectie, Humaan Immunodeficiëntievirus; ziekte, aandoening; HIV-ziekte (als gevolg van HIV-ziekte), aandoening; als gevolg van HIV-ziekte, immunodeficiëntievirus-ziekte; humaan, infectie; HIV-ziekte als oorzaak, Niet gespecificeerd ziekte door Humaan Immunodeficiëntievirus [HIV], HIV-infectie, HIV-infecties, HTLV-III-LAV-infectie, HTLV-III-infectie, Infecties, HIV-
French Infection à virus de l'immunodéficience humaine, non précisée, Syndrome du virus de l'immunodéficience humaine, Affection VIH, Infection à VIH SAI, Infections au VIH, Infection à VIH, Infections HIV, Infections HTLV-III-LAV, Infections HTLV-III, Infections à VIH
German Human-Immunodeficiency-Virus-Syndrom, HIV-Infektion NNB, Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infektion, unspezifisch, HIV-Erkrankung, Nicht naeher bezeichnete HIV-Krankheit [Humane Immundefizienz-Viruskrankheit], LYMPHOTROPES VIRUS TYP III INFEKTIONEN HUMANE T, HTLV WIII INFEKTIONEN, HTLV WIII LAV INFEKTIONEN, HIV-Infektionen, HIV-Infektion, HTLV-III-Infektionen, HTLV-III-LAV-Infektionen, T-lymphotropes Virus Typ III-Infektionen, humane
Portuguese Infecção HIV NE, Síndrome HIV, Infecção a HIV NE, Doença a HIV, Infecções por Vírus Linfotrópico T Humano Tipo III, Infecção por HIV, Infecções por HIV, Infecções por HTLV-III, Infecções por HTLV-III-LAV
Spanish Síndrome del virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, Enfermedad por VIH, Infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, no especificada, Infección por VIH NEOM, infección por HTLV - III/LAV - RETIRADO -, infección por virus linfotrópico de células T humano, tipo III / virus asociado a linfoadenopatía, [X]enfermedad por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), sin otra especificación, infección por virus linfotrópico de células T humano, tipo III / virus asociado a linfadenopatía, [X]enfermedad por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (trastorno), [X]enfermedad por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH), sin otra especificación (trastorno), [X]enfermedad por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, infección por HTLV - III/LAV - RETIRADO - (concepto no activo), [X]enfermedad por HIV, [X]enfermedad por VIH, infección por HIV, infección por VIH, infección por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (trastorno), infección por virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana, Infección por VIH, Infecciones del Virus Tipo III T-Linfotrópico Humano, Infecciones por HTLV-III, Infecciones por VIH, Infecciones por HTLV-III-LAV
Japanese ＨＩＶ感染ＮＯＳ, ＨＩＶ感染, ＨＩＶ疾患, ヒト免疫不全ウイルス症候群, HIVｶﾝｾﾝ, ﾋﾄﾒﾝｴｷﾌｾﾞﾝｳｲﾙｽｼｮｳｺｳｸﾞﾝ, HIVｼｯｶﾝ, HIVｶﾝｾﾝNOS, AIDSウイルス感染症, HIV感染症, HTLV-3型Lav感染症, HTLV-3型感染症, エイズウイルス感染症, ヒトTリンパ球好性ウイルス3型感染症, ヒト免疫不全ウイルス感染症
Swedish HIV-infektioner
Czech HIV infekce, HIV infekce, blíže neurčená, Onemocnění HIV, HIV infekce NOS, Syndrom příznaků při HIV infekci
Finnish HIV-infektiot
Russian T-LIMFOTROPNYI VIRUS III TIPA CHELOVECHESKII, INFEKTSII, VICH INFEKTSII, HTLV-III-LAV INFEKTSII, HTLV-III INFEKTSII, HTLV-III-LAV ИНФЕКЦИИ, HTLV-III ИНФЕКЦИИ, T-ЛИМФОТРОПНЫЙ ВИРУС III ТИПА ЧЕЛОВЕЧЕСКИЙ, ИНФЕКЦИИ, ВИЧ ИНФЕКЦИИ
Korean 상세불명의 인체면역결핍바이러스병
Croatian HIV INFEKCIJE
Polish Zakażenie wirusem typu III T-limfotropowym ludzkim, Zakażenie HTLV-III, Zakażenie ludzkim wirusem niedoboru odporności, Zakażenia HIV, Infekcje HIV, Infekcja HIV
Hungarian Human immunhiány vírus fertőzés, nem meghatározott, HIV fertőzés, HIV betegség, HIV fertőzés k.m.n., Human immunhiány vírus syndroma
Norwegian HTLV-III-infeksjoner, HTLV-III-virusinfeksjoner, Humant immunsviktvirus-sykdom, Hiv-sykdom, Hiv-infeksjoner
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: Retroviridae (C0035366)

Definition (NCI) A family of viruses that possess RNA-dependent DNA polymerases (reverse transcriptases) and contain two identical molecules of positive sense, single-stranded RNA of high molecular weight. This RNA serves as a template for the synthesis of a complementary DNA, which may be integrated into the host DNA. Virions are enveloped.
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A type of virus that has RNA instead of DNA as its genetic material. It uses an enzyme called reverse transcriptase to become part of the host cells' DNA. This allows many copies of the virus to be made in the host cells. The virus that causes AIDS, the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), is a type of retrovirus.
Definition (MSH) Family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase. The family contains seven genera: DELTARETROVIRUS; LENTIVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE B, MAMMALIAN; ALPHARETROVIRUS; GAMMARETROVIRUS; RETROVIRUSES TYPE D; and SPUMAVIRUS. A key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA. After integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state (PROVIRUSES).
Definition (CSP) family of RNA viruses that infects birds and mammals and encodes the enzyme reverse transcriptase; a key feature of retrovirus biology is the synthesis of a DNA copy of the genome which is integrated into cellular DNA; after integration it is sometimes not expressed but maintained in a latent state.
Concepts Virus (T005)
MSH D012190
SnomedCT 77622001
LNC LP19212-7
English Retroviridae, Retroviruses, retroviruses, rna tumor virus, retroviridae, retroviral, retrovirus, Retrovirus, Family Retroviridae (organism), Family Retroviridae, Retrovirus, NOS, Retrovirus (organism), Virus-Retrovirus
Swedish Retroviridae
Czech retroviry příbuzné virům myší leukémie, Retroviridae, retroviry
Finnish Retrovirukset
Italian Retrovirus, Retroviridae
Russian LEIKOMOGENNYE VIRUSY, LEIKOVIRUSY, RNK-OPUKHOLEVYE VIRUSY, TIPA C ONKOVIRUSY, ONKOVIRUSY TIPA C, RETROVIRUSY, MYSHEI LEIKOZA VIRUSO-SVIAZANNYE RETROVIRUSY, MYSHEI LEKEMII VIRUS-SVIAZANNYI RETROVIRUSAMI, ONKORNAVIRUSY, ONKOVIRUSY, RETROVIRUSY, MLV-SVIAZANNYE, RETROVIRIDAE, ONCOVIRINAE, ЛЕЙКОВИРУСЫ, ЛЕЙКОМОГЕННЫЕ ВИРУСЫ, МЫШЕЙ ЛЕЙКОЗА ВИРУСО-СВЯЗАННЫЕ РЕТРОВИРУСЫ, МЫШЕЙ ЛЕКЕМИИ ВИРУС-СВЯЗАННЫЙ РЕТРОВИРУСАМИ, ОНКОВИРУСЫ, ОНКОВИРУСЫ ТИПА C, ОНКОРНАВИРУСЫ, РЕТРОВИРУСЫ, MLV-СВЯЗАННЫЕ, РЕТРОВИРУСЫ, РЕТРОВИРУСЫ, МЛВ-СВЯЗАННЫЕ, РНК-ОПУХОЛЕВЫЕ ВИРУСЫ, ТИПА C ОНКОВИРУСЫ
Japanese オンコルナウイルス, C型腫瘍ウイルス, 腫瘍ウイルスC型, 白血病ウイルス, オンコウイルス, オンコウイルスC型, 白血病発生ウイルス, レトロウイルス, RNA腫瘍ウイルス, レトロウイルス科, C型オンコウイルス
Croatian RETROVIRIDAE
Polish Wirusy białaczek, Retroviridae, Wirusy RNA nowotworowe, Onkowirusy typu C
French Rétrovirus, Retroviridae
Portuguese Retrovirus, Vírus Tumorais de RNA, Retroviridae
Norwegian Not Translated[Retroviridae]
Spanish Virus Tumorales de ARN, retrovirus (organismo), retrovirus, familia Retroviridae (organismo), familia Retroviridae, Retroviridae, Retrovirus
German Retroviren, Retroviridae
Dutch Retroviridae, Retrovirus
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

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