II. Indications
- HIV Infection (combination protocols)
III. Contraindications
- Moderate to severe Cirrhosis (Child-Pugh Score >6)
- HLA-B*5701 positive state (screen in advance of starting)
- Associated with life-threatening Hypersensitivity
IV. Mechanism
V. Precautions
- Do not use unless patient is negative for HLA-B5701
- Risk of Hypersensitivity Reaction if HLA-B5701 positive
- Lucas (2007) J Antimicrob Chemother 59(4):591-3 +PMID:17317695 [PubMed]
VI. Dosing
- Used in combination with other Retroviral agents
- Adult (or child weight >25 kg)
- Abacavir 300 mg orally twice daily
- Adult Hepatic Dosing in Mild Cirrhosis (Child-Pugh Score 5 to 6)
- Avoid Abacavir in moderate to severe Cirrhosis (Child-Pugh Score >6)
- Decrease dose to 200 mg orally twice daily (using 10 ml twice daily of oral solution)
- Child with Abacavir tablets
- Weight 14 to 20 kg: 150 mg orally twice daily OR 300 mg orally once daily
- Weight 20 to 25 kg: 150 mg qAM and 300 mg qPM orally OR 450 mg orally once daily
- Weight >25 kg: 300 mg orally twice daily OR 600 mg orally once daily (adult dose)
- Child with Abacavir oral solution (20 mg/ml, age >=3 months)
- Give 8 mg/kg (max 300 mg) orally twice daily OR
- Give 16 mg/kg (max 600 mg) orally once daily
VII. Adverse Effects
-
Hypersensitivity (3%)
- Presents with Fever and Rash
- Associated with HLA-B*5701 positive state
- Mean onset 11 days after start
- Lethal reaction if restarted after reaction (50%)
- Never rechallenge Abacavir after reaction
-
Cardiovascular Risk
- Unclear association with Myocardial Infarction
- Class Effects (with all nRTIs)
- Lactic Acidosis
- Hepatic Steatosis
IX. Resources
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| abacavir (on 11/23/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
| ABACAVIR 300 MG TABLET | Generic | $0.61 each |
| ABACAVIR-LAMIVUDINE 600-300 MG | Generic | $2.58 each |