Major Depression Differential Diagnosis

Aka: Major Depression Differential Diagnosis, Organic Causes of Major Depression

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II. Causes: Drug-Induced

  1. See Medications Predisposing to Depression

III. Causes: Endocrine and Metabolic

  1. Adrenal disease
    1. Cushing's Disease
    2. Addison's Disease
    3. Pheochromocytoma
  2. Thyroid disease
    1. Hypothyroidism
    2. Hyperthyroidism
  3. Parathyroid Disease
    1. Hypoparathyroidism
    2. Hyperparathyroidism
  4. Diabetes Mellitus
  5. Electrolyte disturbance
    1. Serum Sodium disturbance
    2. Serum Potassium disturbance
    3. Serum Calcium disturbance
    4. Hypoglycemia
  6. Carcinoid
  7. Ovarian Failure (Menopause)
  8. Testicular Failure
  9. Renal Failure or Uremia
  10. Heavy Metal Poisoning

IV. Causes: Infectious Disease

  1. Hepatitis
  2. Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis
  3. HIV Infection or AIDS
  4. Mononucleosis
  5. Syphilis
  6. Tuberculosis
  7. Lyme Disease
  8. Encephalitis
  9. Influenza

V. Causes: Hematology and Oncology

  1. Brain Tumor
  2. Pancreatic Cancer
  3. Breast Cancer
  4. Colon Cancer and other gastrointestinal cancer
  5. Gynecologic cancer
  6. Hematologic Malignancy

VI. Causes: Neurologic Causes

  1. Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
  2. Huntington's Chorea
  3. Multiple Sclerosis
  4. Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
  5. Parkinson's Disease
  6. Alzheimer's Disease
  7. Subdural Hematoma
  8. Narcolepsy
  9. Wilson's Disease

VII. Causes: Cardiovascular Disease

  1. Congestive Heart Failure
  2. Cerebral ischemia
  3. Cardiomyopathy
  4. Myocardial Infarction

VIII. Causes: Nutritional Deficiency

  1. Macrocytic Anemia
    1. Folate Deficiency
    2. Vitamin B12 Deficiency
  2. Microcytic Anemia
    1. Iron Deficiency Anemia
  3. Other B Vitamin Deficiency
    1. Pyridoxine Deficiency (Vitamin B6)
    2. Riboflavin Deficiency (Vitamin B2)
    3. Thiamine deficiency (Vitamin B1)

IX. Causes: Psychiatric

  1. Other disorder with depressed mood
    1. Adjustment Disorder with depressive features
    2. Dysthymia
    3. Bipolar Disorder
  2. Eating Disorder
    1. Anorexia Nervosa
    2. Bulimia Nervosa
  3. Chemical Dependency
    1. Alcohol Abuse
    2. Barbiturate Abuse
    3. Heroin abuse
  4. Miscellaneous psychiatric illness
    1. Anxiety Disorder
    2. Schizophrenia

X. Causes: Miscellaneous

  1. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
  2. Hepatic failure
  3. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

XI. References

  1. Ferris (1995) Depression Primary Care, PGM, p.36-44
  2. Citrome (1994) Postgrad Med 95(1): 137-45 [PubMed]
  3. Kuzel (1996) Postgrad Med 99(5): 179-95 [PubMed]
  4. Richardson (2005) Curr Probl Pediatr Adolesc Health Care 35(1): 9 [PubMed]

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