II. Physiology

  1. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) is a heat stable, water-soluble flavin in the B Vitamin family
  2. Riboflavin is a component of succinate dehydrogenase and acetyl CoA dehydrogenase
  3. Riboflavin is converted to coenzymes, flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and Flavin Adenine Dinucleotide (FAD)
    1. Riboflavin derived coenzymes are Important hydrogen (and electron) donor/receiver in Redox Reactions (FADH2, FMNH2)
    2. Electron Transport Chain (cellular respiration)
    3. Cytochrome P450 Hydroxylase system
  4. Other functions
    1. Pyridoxine activation
    2. Niacin synthesis from Tryptophan
    3. Metabolism of fat, Protein and Carbohydrate
    4. Glutathione reductase mediated detoxification
    5. Maintains Red Blood Cell integrity, as well as that of the integument (hair, nails, skin)

III. Preparations: Dietary Sources

  1. Liver
  2. Milk and dairy products
  3. lean Meat
  4. Poultry
  5. Fish
  6. Dark green vegetables
    1. Spinach
    2. Asparagus
  7. Eggs
  8. Whole-grain and enriched cereals, pasta, bread
  9. Mushrooms
  10. Dried beans and peas

IV. Signs: Deficiency

  1. Angular Cheilitis or Angular Stomatitis
  2. Cheilosis
  3. Gingivitis
  4. Photophobia
  5. Tongue changes
    1. Atrophic lingual papillae
    2. Hypertrophic filiform and Fungiform Papillae

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Related Studies

Ontology: Riboflavin (C0035527)

Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A nutrient in the vitamin B complex that the body needs in small amounts to function and stay healthy. Riboflavin helps make red blood cells, helps some enzymes work properly, and keeps skin, nails, and hair healthy. It is found in milk, eggs, malted barley, organ meats, yeast, and leafy vegetables. Riboflavin is water-soluble (can dissolve in water) and must be taken in every day. Not enough riboflavin can cause anemia (a low number of red blood cells), mouth sores, and skin problems. Amounts of riboflavin may be higher in the blood of patients with some types of cancer.
Definition (NCI) An essential human nutrient that is a heat-stable and water-soluble flavin belonging to the vitamin B family. Riboflavin is a precursor of the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). These coenzymes are of vital importance in normal tissue respiration, pyridoxine activation, tryptophan to niacin conversion, fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism, and glutathione reductase mediated detoxification. Riboflavin may also be involved in maintaining erythrocyte integrity. This vitamin is essential for healthy skin, nails, and hair.
Definition (NCI_CRCH) Water-soluble vitamin that is a coenzyme in numerous oxidation-reduction reactions. (DRI)
Definition (CSP) water soluble B vitamin; precursor of FMN and FAD.
Definition (MSH) Nutritional factor found in milk, eggs, malted barley, liver, kidney, heart, and leafy vegetables. The richest natural source is yeast. It occurs in the free form only in the retina of the eye, in whey, and in urine; its principal forms in tissues and cells are as FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE and FLAVIN-ADENINE DINUCLEOTIDE.
Definition (PDQ) An essential human nutrient that is a heat-stable and water-soluble flavin belonging to the vitamin B family. Riboflavin is a precursor of the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). These coenzymes are of vital importance in normal tissue respiration, pyridoxine activation, tryptophan to niacin conversion, fat, carbohydrate, and protein metabolism, and glutathione reductase mediated detoxification. Riboflavin may also be involved in maintaining erythrocyte integrity. This vitamin is essential for healthy skin, nails, and hair. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=38330&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=38330&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C808" NCI Thesaurus)
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) , Vitamin (T127)
MSH D012256
SnomedCT 13235001, 329260009, 88306001
LNC LP15853-2, MTHU007595
English Riboflavin, Vitamin B 2, Vitamin B2, Vitamin G, 6,7-Dimethyl-9-D-ribitylisoalloxazine, Vitamin B<sub>2</sub>, Riboflavine preparation, Lactoflavin preparation, Vitamin B2 preparation, Riboflavin preparation, Vitamin G preparation, Vitamin B<sub>2</sub> preparation, Vitamin B>2< preparation, Lactoflavin, vitamin G, VITAMIN B A 02, vitamins riboflavin, riboflavin (medication), Riboflavin [Chemical/Ingredient], RIBOFLAVIN, b2 vitamin, b2 vitamins, vitamin g, vitamin b 2, vitamin b2, riboflavin, riboflavin (vit B2), Riboflavin preparation (product), vitamin B2, VITB2, Vitamin B>2<, Riboflavine, Riboflavin (substance), Riboflavine preparation (product), riboflavine, Riboflavin preparation (substance), Riboflavine preparation (substance), VITAMIN B2
Swedish Riboflavin
Spanish preparado con riboflavina, vitamina B<sub>2</sub>, vitamina B2, riboflavina (producto), preparado con vitamina B>2<, preparado con vitamina B<sub>2</sub>, preparado con lactoflavina, preparado con vitamina G (producto), preparado con vitamina G, preparado con vitamina B2, Vitamina B2, preparado con riboflavina (producto), preparado de riboflavina (sustancia), riboflavina (sustancia), riboflavina, preparado (producto), riboflavina, preparado, riboflavina, vitamina B>2<, Riboflavina, Vitamina B 2, Vitamina G
Czech riboflavin
Finnish Riboflaviini
Italian Vitamina B 2, Vitamina B2, Vitamina G, Riboflavina
Russian RIBOFLAVIN, VITAMIN B2, VITAMIN G, ВИТАМИН B2, ВИТАМИН G, РИБОФЛАВИН
German VITAMIN B A 02, Riboflavin, Vitamin G, Vitamin B2
Polish Witamina G, Ryboflawina, Witamina B2
Japanese オブフラビン, ビタミンB2, ビタミンG, ラクトフラビン, リボフラビン
Norwegian Vitamin B2, Riboflavin
Portuguese Vitamina B2, Riboflavina, Vitamina B 2, Vitamina G
French Lactoflavine, Ovoflavine, Riboflavine, Vitamine B2, Vitamine G