II. Etiologies
- Iatrogenic
- Steroid therapy (most common cause)
- Central Cause
- Adrenal Cause
- Adrenal Adenoma
- Adrenal Hyperplasia
- Adrenal Malignancy (15%)
- Ectopic Source
- Malignancy (Small Cell Carcinoma of the lung: 15%)
III. Symptoms
- Mood changes (depression and euphoria)
- Easy Bruising
- Weakness
- Weight gain
- Amenorrhea
- Back pain
IV. Signs
- Truncal Obesity (90%)
- Hypertension (85% when Cushing Disease is caused by tumors, 20% when iatrogenic)
- Glucose Intolerance (80%)
- Hirsutism (70%)
- Wide, purple abdominal and thigh striae (65%)
- Osteoporosis (55%)
- Moon facies
- Buffalo hump (Thoracic kyphosis)
- Myopathy
- Plethoric face
- Supraclavicular fat pad development
- Hypertrichosis
- Peripheral Edema
- Hypertension
V. Labs
-
Screening Test
- 24-hour Urinary free cortisol level (preferred)
- Serum Cortisol
- Low dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test
- Dexamethasone 1 mg at 11pm
- Plasma Cortisol in following 8 AM
- Night-time Salivary cortisol testing
- Distinguish between pituitary, adrenal or ectopic cause
- Plasma ACTH
- High dose Dexamethasone Suppression Test (8 mg)
VI. Radiology
- CT or MRI Cone down Sella Turcica
-
CT Abdomen
- Adrenal adenoma
VII. Management
- Exogenous Cushing Syndrome (Iatrogenic Cushing Syndrome, most common cause)
- Stop Corticosteroids or decrease dose
- Change steroid dosing to every other day with drug holiday
- Endogenous Cushing Syndrome
- Surgically excise adenoma (in pituitary or adrenal)
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| Definition (CHV) | a rare hormonal disease that occurs when the body produces too much of the hormone cortisol |
| Definition (CHV) | a rare hormonal disease that occurs when the body produces too much of the hormone cortisol |
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Cushing's syndrome is a hormonal disorder. The cause is long-term exposure to too much cortisol, a hormone that your adrenal gland makes. Sometimes, taking synthetic hormone medicine to treat an inflammatory disease leads to Cushing's. Some kinds of tumors produce a hormone that can cause your body to make too much cortisol. Cushing's syndrome is rare. Some symptoms are
Lab tests can show if you have it and find the cause. Your treatment will depend on why you have too much cortisol. If it is because you have been taking synthetic hormones, a lower dose may control your symptoms. If the cause is a tumor, surgery and other therapies may be needed. NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases |
| Definition (NCI) | A syndrome caused by high levels of cortisol in the blood either due to excessive production and secretion of corticosteroids secondary to pituitary or adrenocortical neoplasms, or intake of glucocorticoid drugs. Signs and symptoms include a round face, upper body obesity, fragile and thin skin, purple stretch marks in the skin, fatigue, muscle weakness, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypertrichosis and amenorrhea in women, impotence in men, and osteoporosis. |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | A condition in which there is too much cortisol (a hormone made by the outer layer of the adrenal gland) in the body. Cushing syndrome may be caused by taking too many steroid drugs or by certain types of tumors. Tumors that make adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) cause the adrenal gland to make too much cortisol. Symptoms of Cushing syndrome include a round face, thin arms and legs, severe fatigue and muscle weakness, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, purple or pink stretch marks on the skin, and weight gain, especially in the abdomen. |
| Definition (MSH) | A condition caused by prolonged exposure to excess levels of cortisol (HYDROCORTISONE) or other GLUCOCORTICOIDS from endogenous or exogenous sources. It is characterized by upper body OBESITY; OSTEOPOROSIS; HYPERTENSION; DIABETES MELLITUS; HIRSUTISM; AMENORRHEA; and excess body fluid. Endogenous Cushing syndrome or spontaneous hypercortisolism is divided into two groups, those due to an excess of ADRENOCORTICOTROPIN and those that are ACTH-independent. |
| Definition (CSP) | condition, more commonly seen in females, due to hyperadrenocorticism resulting from neoplasms of the adrenal cortex or the anterior lobe of the pituitary, or to prolonged excessive intake of glucocorticoids for therapeutic purposes; symptoms and signs may include rapidly developing adiposity of the face, neck, and trunk, kyphosis caused by osteoporosis of the spine, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, amenorrhea, hypertrichosis in females, impotence in males, dusky complexion with purple markings, polycythemia, pain in the abdomen and back, and muscular wasting and weakness. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D003480 |
| ICD9 | 255.0 |
| ICD10 | E24 , E24.9 |
| SnomedCT | 154705004, 190505004, 47270006 |
| English | Cushing Syndrome, Cushing's Syndrome, Syndrome, Cushing's, CUSHING'S SYNDROME, Cushing's syndrome, unspecified, Cushing syndrome, Cushing's basophilism, pituitary basophilism, Syndrome, Cushing, Cushing's syndrome (diagnosis), Cushings syndrome, Syndrome Cushing's, Cushing Syndrome [Disease/Finding], cushing's syndrome, cushing syndrome, Cushing's syndrome (disorder), Cushing's syndrome NOS (disorder), Cushing's syndrome, Cushing's syndrome III, Itsenko disease, Itsenko-Cushing syndrome, Suprarenogenic syndrome, Cushing; syndrome or disease, Hypercortisolism, Cushings Syndrome, Cushing's syndrome NOS, cushings syndrome |
| Portuguese | SINDROME DE CUSHING, Síndrome de Cushing |
| Spanish | SINDROME DE CUSHING, síndrome de Cushing, SAI (trastorno), síndrome de Cushing, SAI, síndrome de Cushing, síndrome de Itsenko - Cushing, Síndrome de Cushing |
| Dutch | syndroom van Cushing, Cushing; syndroom of ziekte, Syndroom van Cushing, niet gespecificeerd, Cushing-syndroom, Syndroom van Cushing, Syndroom, Cushing- |
| German | Syndrom, Cushing, CUSHING SYNDROM, Cushing-Syndrom, nicht naeher bezeichnet, Cushing Syndrom, Cushing-Syndrom |
| Swedish | Cushings syndrom |
| Japanese | ｸｯｼﾝｸﾞｼｮｳｺｳｸﾞﾝ, Cushing症候群, クッシング症候群, 下垂体好塩基細胞腺腫, 脳下垂体好塩基細胞腺腫 |
| Czech | Cushingův syndrom, hyperkortizolismus |
| Finnish | Cushingin oireyhtymä |
| Russian | ITSENKO-KUSHINGA BOLEZN', ITSENKO-KUSHINGA SINDROM, KUSHINGA SINDROM, ИЦЕНКО-КУШИНГА БОЛЕЗНЬ, ИЦЕНКО-КУШИНГА СИНДРОМ, КУШИНГА СИНДРОМ |
| French | SYNDROME DE CUSHING, Syndrome de Cushing, Hypercortisolisme |
| Italian | Ipercortisolismo, Sindrome di Cushing |
| Korean | 쿠싱 증후군, 상세불명의 쿠싱 증후군 |
| Croatian | CUSHINGOV SINDROM |
| Polish | Zespół Cushinga |
| Hungarian | Cushing syndroma, Cushing-syndroma, Cushing-tünetegyüttes |
| Norwegian | Cushings syndrom, Hyperkortisolisme |
