II. Physiology
- Images
III. Precautions
- See Diabetes Mellitus for evaluation and management of initial evaluation and management of Hyperglycemia
- Serum Glucose >250 mg/dl may be associated with Serum Ketone production
IV. Interpretation: Normal
-
Fasting Blood Sugar: <100 mg/dl
- Reflects Insulin Resistance, hepatic production and overnight Glucose secretion
- Postprandial 2 hours: <140 mg/dl
- Reflects pancreatic islet cell response to a meal (endogenous Insulin secretion)
- Blood Glucose may in some cases rise as high as 160 mg/dl after a large meal in a non-diabetic patient
- Stress response
- Typically Serum Glucose <200 mg/dl
V. Causes: Hypoglycemia
- See Hypoglycemia
VI. Causes: Hyperglycemia
- See Medication Causes of Hyperglycemia
- Endocrine
- Non-Endocrine
- Hemochromatosis
- Pancreatitis
- Liver disease
- CNS disease
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Related Studies
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | Glucose (a type of sugar) found in the blood. |
| Definition (MSH) | Glucose in blood. |
| Definition (CSP) | levels of glucose found in the blood. |
| Concepts | Carbohydrate (T118) |
| MSH | D001786 |
| English | Blood Glucose, Blood Sugar, Glucose, Blood, Sugar, Blood, blood glucose, Blood Glucose [Chemical/Ingredient], bloods sugar, glucose blood, sugar blood, blood sugars, blood sugar, Blood sugar, glycemia |
| Swedish | Blodsocker |
| Czech | glykémie, krevní glukosa, krevní cukr |
| Finnish | Verensokeri |
| Russian | GLIUKOZA KROVI, SAKHAR KROVI, KROVI SAKHAR, ГЛЮКОЗА КРОВИ, КРОВИ САХАР, САХАР КРОВИ |
| Croatian | GLUKOZA U KRVI |
| Spanish | Azúcar en la Sangre, Glucemia, Glucosa en la Sangre, Glucosa de la Sangre, Azúcar de la Sangre, Glucosa Sanguínea |
| Portuguese | Glucose no Sangue, Açúcar no Sangue, Glucose do Sangue, Glucemia, Glucose Sanguínea, Açúcar do Sangue, Glicemia |
| Polish | Glukoza we krwi, Glikemia, Cukier we krwi |
| Japanese | 血糖, 血中グルコース |
| German | Glukose, Blut-, Blutglukose, Blutglucose, Blutzucker, Glucose, Blut- |
| French | Glycémie |
| Italian | Glicemia |
Ontology: Glucose (C0017725)
| Definition (NCI_CRCH) | A hexose with an aldehyde group; in which each of the 5 remaining carbons other than the aldehyde group has one hydroxyl group in the R,S,R, and R configuration counting from the first hydroxyl containing carbon next to the aldehyde in the straight chain (Fisher) projection; otherwise all carbons have exclusively hydrogens. Occurs mostly as pyran (6-membered oxygen containing ring or oxane) and rarely as furan (5-membered oxygen containing ring) or straight chain. When glucose forms a ring an additional ""anomeric"" asymmetric carbon is created which is denoted as ""alpha"" or ""beta"". For isomers see http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucose. |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | A type of sugar; the chief source of energy for living organisms. |
| Definition (NCI) | A simple sugar monosaccharide having two isoforms, alpha and beta, with a chemical structure of C6H12O6 that acts as an energy source for both plants and animals by reacting with oxygen, generating carbon dioxide and water, and releasing energy. |
| Definition (MSH) | A primary source of energy for living organisms. It is naturally occurring and is found in fruits and other parts of plants in its free state. It is used therapeutically in fluid and nutrient replacement. |
| Definition (CSP) | aldohexose occurring as the D form and found as a free monosaccharide in fruits and other parts of plants and in the normal blood of all animals; the end product of carbohydrate metabolism and the chief source of energy for most living organisms. |
| Concepts | Biologically Active Substance (T123) , Carbohydrate (T118) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
| MSH | D005947 |
| SnomedCT | 67079006, 387370006, 111138002, 66611007, 325307004, 386987008 |
| LNC | LP32534-7, LP14635-4, MTHU001675 |
| English | D Glucose, D-Glucose, Dextrose, Glucose, glucose, Glucose [endocrine], D-glucose, foods dextrose, glucose (dextrose), glucose (dextrose) (medication), foods glucose (dextrose), dextrose (medication), Dextrose preparation, DEXTROSE, Glucose [Chemical/Ingredient], endocrine glucose, glucose preparations, d-glucose, glucoses, dextrose, Dextrose preparation (product), D-glucose preparation, Dextrose (substance), Glucose preparation (substance), D-glucopyranose monohydrate preparation, Glucose [endocrine] (product), 6-(hydroxymethyl)oxane-2,3,4,5-tetrol, Dextrose product, Glucose preparation, Glucose product, Glucose (substance), Glucose preparation (product), Glucose, NOS, Dextrose preparation (substance), Glucose [endocrine] (substance), GLUCOSE |
| Swedish | Glukos |
| Spanish | preparado de dextrosa, dextrosa, D-glucosa, preparado con glucosa (producto), glucosa (producto), preparado con glucosa, dextrosa (sustancia), preparado de glucosa (sustancia), preparado con dextrosa, preparado con monohidrato de D-glucopiranosa, preparado con D-glucosa, preparado con dextrosa (producto), preparado de glucosa, glucosa [uso endocrinológico], glucosa [uso endocrinológico] (producto), glucosa (sustancia), glucosa [endocrina] (producto), glucosa [endocrina], glucosa, preparado de D-glucosa, preparado de dextrosa (producto), preparado de dextrosa (sustancia), preparado de glucosa (producto), preparado de monohidrato de D-glucopiranosa, Glucosa, Dextrosa |
| Czech | glukosa, glukóza |
| Finnish | Glukoosi |
| Italian | Destrosio, D-glucosio, Glucosio |
| Russian | DEKSTROZA, GLIUKOZA, ГЛЮКОЗА, ДЕКСТРОЗА |
| Japanese | グルコース, デキストロース, ブドウ糖, 葡萄糖 |
| Croatian | GLUKOZA |
| Polish | Glikoza, Dekstroza, Glukoza |
| Portuguese | Glicose, Destrose, Glucose |
| French | Dextrose, Glucose |
| German | Dextrose, Glucose, Glukose |
Ontology: Hyperglycemia (C0020456)
| Definition (MSH) | Abnormally high BLOOD GLUCOSE level. |
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Hyperglycemia means high blood sugar or glucose. Glucose comes from the foods you eat. Insulin is a hormone that moves glucose into your cells to give them energy. Hyperglycemia happens when your body doesn't make enough insulin or can't use it the right way. People with diabetes can get hyperglycemia from not eating the right foods or not taking medicines correctly. Other problems that can raise blood sugar include infections, certain medicines, hormone imbalances, or severe illnesses. |
| Definition (NCI) | Abnormally high level of glucose in the blood. |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | Higher than normal amount of glucose (a type of sugar) in the blood. Hyperglycemia can be a sign of diabetes or other conditions. |
| Definition (NCI_CTCAE) | A disorder characterized by laboratory test results that indicate an elevation in the concentration of blood sugar. It is usually an indication of diabetes mellitus or glucose intolerance. |
| Definition (CSP) | abnormally high blood glucose level. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D006943 |
| ICD10 | R73.9 |
| SnomedCT | 315299009, 207643008, 154719004, 207289007, 270004003, 144187006, 390730002, 80394007, 237598005 |
| English | Hyperglycemias, HYPERGLYCAEMIA, [D]Hyperglycaemia, [D]Hyperglycemia, Hyperglycaemia, unspecified, Hyperglycemia, unspecified, [D]Hyperglycemia (context-dependent category), Hyperglycemia NOS, [X]Hyperglycaemia, unspecified, [X]Hyperglycemia, unspecified, hyperglycemia, hyperglycemia (diagnosis), Hyperglycaemia NOS, Hyperglycemia, Hyperglycemia [Disease/Finding], hyperglycaemia, high blood sugar level, elevated blood sugar, [D]Hyperglycaemia (situation), Hyperglycaemia (disorder), [D]Hyperglycemia (situation), [X]Hyperglycemia, unspecified (finding), High blood sugar, High Blood Glucose, High Blood Sugar, High blood glucose, high blood sugar, GLUCOSE, HIGH BLOOD, HYPERGLYCEMIA, HIGH BLOOD GLUCOSE, BLOOD GLUCOSE, HIGH, Hyperglycaemia, Hyperglycaemic disorder, Hyperglycemic disorder, Hyperglycemia (disorder), Hyperglycemic disorder (disorder), blood sugar; high, blood; sugar, high, high; blood sugar, sugar; blood, high, Hyperglycemia, NOS, Hyperglycaemia, NOS, [X]Hyperglycemia, unspecified (context-dependent category) |
| French | HYPERGLYCEMIE, Hyperglycémie SAI, Hyperglycémie |
| Portuguese | HIPERGLICEMIA, Hiperglicemia NE, Hiperglucemia, Hiperglucemia Pós-Prandial, Hiperglicemia |
| German | HYPERGLYKAEMIE, Hyperglykaemie NNB, Hyperglykaemie, nicht naeher bezeichnet, Hyperglykaemie, Hyperglykämie |
| Dutch | hyperglykemie NAO, bloed; suiker, hoog, bloedsuiker; hoog, hoog; bloedsuiker, suiker; bloed, hoog, Hyperglykemie, niet gespecificeerd, hyperglykemie, Glykemie, hyper-, Hyperglykemie |
| Italian | Iperglicemia NAS, Iperglicemia |
| Spanish | Hiperglucemia NEOM, [D]hiperglucemia (categoría dependiente del contexto), [X]hiperglucemia, no especificada (categoría dependiente del contexto), HIPERGLUCEMIA, [X]hiperglucemia, no especificada (hallazgo), [D]hiperglucemia (situación), [D]hiperglucemia, [X]hiperglucemia, no especificada, Hiperglucemia Postprandial, Hiperglicemia, hiperglicemia, hiperglucemia (trastorno), hiperglucemia, trastorno hiperglucémico (trastorno), trastorno hiperglucémico, Hiperglucemia |
| Japanese | 高血糖ＮＯＳ, ｺｳｹｯﾄｳ, ｺｳｹｯﾄｳNOS, 過血糖, 高血糖症, 高血糖, 過血糖症 |
| Swedish | Hyperglykemi |
| Finnish | Hyperglykemia |
| Russian | GIPERGLIKEMIIA, ГИПЕРГЛИКЕМИЯ |
| Czech | Hyperglykemie, Hyperglykemie NOS, Hypeglykemie, vysoká glykemie, vysoká glykémie, hyperglykemie, hyperglykémie |
| Korean | 상세불명의 과혈당 |
| Croatian | HIPERGLIKEMIJA |
| Polish | Hiperglikemia |
| Hungarian | Hyperglycaemia k.m.n., Hyperglycaemia |
| Norwegian | Hyperglykemi, Høyt blodsukker |
Ontology: Glucose measurement, serum (C0202041)
| Definition (NCI) | A quantitative measurement of the amount of glucose present in a sample of serum. |
| Concepts | Laboratory Procedure (T059) |
| SnomedCT | 22569008 |
| English | Serum Glucose, Serum Glucose Measurement, Serum glucose, serum glucose, glucose serum tests, glucose serum test, serum glucose test, glucose serum, Serum Glucose Test, Glucose measurement, serum, Glucose measurement, serum (procedure) |
| Dutch | serum glucose |
| French | Glucose sérique |
| German | Glukose im Serum |
| Italian | Glucosio sierico |
| Portuguese | Glucose sérica |
| Spanish | Glucosa sérica, medición de glucosa en suero (procedimiento), medición de glucosa en suero |
| Japanese | 血清ブドウ糖, ｹｯｾｲﾌﾞﾄﾞｳﾄｳ |
| Czech | Hladina glukózy v séru |
| Hungarian | Szérum glükóz |
