II. Precautions
- Serious adverse effects including death may occur
- FDA investigated 800 serious reactions in 1999 alone
- Serious reactions despite 75% were under age 50 years
- Life threatening reactions occurred at dose <5 mg/day
III. Contraindications
- Absolute
- Hypertension
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Concurrent MAO Inhibitor use
- Heart disease
- Hyperthyroidism
- Psychiatric condition
- Glaucoma
- Prostatic hypertrophy
- Seizure Disorder
- Relative
- Risks outweigh any benefits of Ephedrine
- Use at any dose in healthy patients may be unsafe
IV. Marketed Products containing Ephedrine
V. Indications (Purported Uses)
VI. Mechanism
VII. Adverse effects (Sympathomimetic effects)
- Insomnia
- Headache
- Nervousness
- Tremor or other motor disturbance
- Hypertension
- Glaucoma
- Hyperglycemia
- Nephrolithiasis
- Cardiac Arrhythmia
- Myocardial Infarction
- Hypersensitivity Myocarditis
- Seizure
- Cerebrovascular Accident
- Predisposes to Heat Exhaustion and Heat Stroke
VIII. Drug Interactions
- Caffeine
- Decongestants (e.g. Pseudoephedrine or Sudafed)
- Stimulants
-
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors, combined effects:
- Hypertension
- Coma
- Hyperpyrexia
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Related Studies
| Definition (CHV) | a drug treats asthma and allergy |
| Definition (CHV) | a drug treats asthma and allergy |
| Definition (CHV) | a drug treats asthma and allergy |
| Definition (CSP) | alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine; has been used in the treatment of several disorders including asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. |
| Definition (MSH) | A phenethylamine found in EPHEDRA SINICA. PSEUDOEPHEDRINE is an isomer. It is an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist that may also enhance release of norepinephrine. It has been used for asthma, heart failure, rhinitis, and urinary incontinence, and for its central nervous system stimulatory effects in the treatment of narcolepsy and depression. It has become less extensively used with the advent of more selective agonists. |
| Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| MSH | D004809 |
| SnomedCT | 387358007, 65026000 |
| LNC | LP16128-8, MTHU016065 |
| English | Ephedrine, [R-(R*,S*)]-alpha-[1-(Methylamino)ethyl]benzenemethanol, (-)-Ephedrine, Erythro Isomer of Ephedrine, (1R,2S)-2-methylamino-1-phenyl-propan-1-ol, Ephedrine Erythro Isomer, ephedrine (medication), Ephedrine [Chemical/Ingredient], ephedrine products, ephedrines, ePHEDrine, EPHEDrine, EPHEDRINE, ephedrine, Ephedrine (product), Ephedrine (substance) |
| Swedish | Efedrin |
| Czech | efedrin |
| Finnish | Efedriini |
| Italian | Eritro isomero dell'efedrina, Efedrina |
| Russian | EFEDRIN, ЭФЕДРИН |
| Croatian | EFEDRIN |
| Polish | Efedryna |
| Japanese | エフェドリン |
| Spanish | efedrina (producto), efedrina (sustancia), efedrina, Efedrina |
| French | Éphédrine |
| German | Ephedrin |
| Portuguese | Efedrina |
Ontology: Ephedra (C0950030)
| Definition (MSH) | A plant genus of the family Ephedraceae, order Ephedrales, class Gnetopsida, division Gnetophyta. |
| Concepts | Plant (T002) |
| MSH | D029789 |
| Swedish | Ephedra |
| English | Ephedra, Ephedras, ephedra, ephedra plant, ephedras, ma huang, joint firs, Mormon-tea |
| Czech | chvojník, Ephedra |
| Finnish | Ephedra |
| Russian | EFEDRA, KHVOINIK, ХВОЙНИК, ЭФЕДРА |
| French | Éphèdre, Ephedra |
| Polish | Przęśl dwukłosowa, Przęśl, Przęśl sprzypowata |
| Norwegian | Efedra, Ephedra |
| Spanish | Belcho, Ephedra |
| Portuguese | Chá-do-Deserto, Chá-Mórmon, Éfedra, Ephedra |
| German | Ephedra |
| Italian | Ephedra |
| Dutch | Ephedra |
