Medications Predisposing to Heat Illness

Aka: Medications Predisposing to Heat Illness, Drugs Predisposing to Heat Illness

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II. Causes: Sympathomimetics (Alpha Adrenergic Agonists)

  1. Methamphetamine
  2. Amphetamines
  3. Epinephrine
  4. Ephedrine
  5. Ephedra-containing supplements
  6. Cocaine
  7. Norepinephrine
  8. Decongestants

III. Causes: Anticholinergics

  1. Atropine
  2. Scopolamine
  3. Benztropine Mesylate
  4. Antihistamines

IV. Causes: Neurologic and psychiatric agents

  1. Antiparkinsonism Medications
  2. Butyrophenones
    1. Haloperidol (Haldol)
  3. Tricyclic Antidepressant
    1. Amitriptyline (Elavil)
    2. Imipramine
    3. Nortriptyline
    4. Protriptyline
  4. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors
    1. Phenelzine
    2. Tranylcypromine
  5. Miscellaneous psychiatric agents
    1. Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI)
    2. Lithium

V. Causes: Cardiovascular

  1. Beta Blockers
  2. Calcium Channel Blockers
  3. Diuretics
    1. Caffeine
    2. Alcohol
    3. Furosemide (Lasix)
    4. Hydrochlorothiazide
    5. Bumetanide (Bumex)

VI. Causes: Phenothiazines

  1. Prochlorperazine
  2. Chlorpromazine hydrochloride
  3. Promethazine hydrochloride

VII. Causes: Recreational and Illicit Drugs

  1. Alcohol
  2. Lysergic Acid Diethylamide (LSD)
  3. Phencyclidine (PCP)
  4. Methamphetamine
  5. Ephedra-containing supplements
  6. Cocaine
  7. Bath Salts
  8. Ecstacy
  9. Jimson Weed
  10. Hallucinogenic Mushrooms

VIII. Causes: Other Medications

  1. Laxatives
  2. Thyroid receptor Agonists
  3. Salicylates

IX. References

  1. Salinas and Ruttan (2017) Crit Dec Emerg Med 31(9): 3-10
  2. Pryor (2015) Wilderness Environ Med 26(4 suppl):569-75 [PubMed]

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