II. Definitions
- Anhidrosis
- Inability to sweat
- Hypohidrosis (Oligohidrosis)
- Reduced sweating
III. Causes
- Neurologic (central or peripheral)
- Cerebrovascular Accident (Hypothalamus, pons, Medulla)
- CNS Lesion (Hypothalamus, pons, Medulla, spinal cord)
- Degenerative Disorders (e.g. Shy-Drager Syndrome)
- Peripheral Neuropathy (e.g. Diabetic Neuropathy, Alcoholic Neuropathy)
- Autoimmune Autonomic Neuropathy
- Horner Syndrome (symathetic system superior cervical Ganglion lesion with Miosis, Ptosis, anhydrosis)
- Medications
- Alpha Adrenergic Antagonist (e.g. Phentolamine)
- Acetylcholine receptor Antagonists
- See Anticholinergic Medications (e.g. Antihistamines such as Diphenhydramine)
- Nicotinic Acetylcholine ReceptorAntagonists (Dextromethorphan, Bupropion, Amantadine)
- Muscarinic Acetylcholine ReceptorAntagonists (Atropine, scopolamine, benztropine, Oxybutynin, Meclizine)
- Seizure Medications
- Psychiatric Medications
- Tricyclic Antidepressants (e.g. Amitriptyline, Doxepin, Nortriptyline, Imipramine)
- Antipsychotics (e.g. Chlorpromazine, Clozapine, Olanzapine, Quetiapine)
- Miscellaneous Medications
- Clonidine
- Quinacrine (Mepacrine)
- Opioids (e.g. Oxycodone, Fentanyl, Morphine)
- Muscle relaxants (e.g. Cyclobenzaprine, Tizanidine)
-
Sweat Gland Disorders
- Various inherited Sweat Gland disorder (e.g. X-Linked Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia)
- Localized Sweat Gland destruction or inflammation (tumors, Radiation Therapy, Sjogren Syndrome)
- Sweat Gland obstruction (e.g. Psoriasis, Ichthyosis, Eczematous Dermatitis)
IV. Complications
V. References
- Harper (2020) Anhidrosis, Stat Pearls, accessed 1/3/2021
- Cheshire (2008) Drug Safety 31(2):109-26 [PubMed]