II. Definitions
-
Thalamus
- Master control of the Autonomic System (analogous to a thermostat)
- Coordinates complex, related reflexive actions (e.g. fight or flight, Body Temperature, increased appetite)
III. Physiology
- Images
- Master control of the Autonomic System (analogous to a thermostat)
- Coordinates complex, related reflexive actions
- Fight or flight response (Sympathetic Nervous System)
- Increased appetite (Parasympathetic Nervous System)
- Body Temperature Regulation
IV. Anatomy
- Small organ in the Diencephalon
- Anterior Hypothalamus
- Supraoptic nucleus
- Neurons project into the posterior pituitary where they release Vasopressin (Antidiuretic Hormone, ADH)
- Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus
- Neurons project into the posterior pituitary where they release Oxytocin or Vasopressin (ADH)
- Supraoptic nucleus
- Posterior Hypothalamus
V. Physiology: Hypothalamus and Pituitary Hormones
- Hypothalamus
- Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH, CRF)
- Stimulates anterior pituitary release of Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
- Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone (GnRH, LHRH)
- GnRH is generated within hypothalamic Neurons (infundibular nucleus, arcuate nucleus)
- GnRH is released typically in pulses in men and women
- GnRH is also released in a surge before Ovulation
- GnRH binds receptors on the Pituitary Gland triggering release of gonadotropins from anterior pituitary
- Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone (GHRH)
- Stimulates anterior pituitary release of Growth Hormone
- Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone (TRH, TRF)
- Stimulates anterior pituitary release of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- Stimulates anterior pituitary release of Prolactin
- Somatostatin
- Inhibits anterior pituitary release of Growth Hormone
- Inhibits anterior pituitary release of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- Neurotransmitters
- Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH, CRF)
- Posterior Pituitary Gland (Hormones produced in the Hypothalamus, released from pituitary)
- Oxytocin
- Stimulates uterine contractions
- Stimulates milk let-down in Lactation
- Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH, Vasopressin)
- Increases renal water reaborption
- Oxytocin
- Anterior Pituitary Gland
- Prolactin
- Protein synthesized and secreted by Lactotrophs (acidophil cells) in the anterior pituitary
- Prolactin stimulates milk secretion into the Breast alveoli in pregnancy and Lactation
- Oxytocin stimulates myoepithelial cells to contract, expressing Breast Milk from the nipple
- Stimulated by Estrogen, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), Thyroid Releasing Hormone (TRH)
- Inhibition by hypothalamic Dopamine (Prolactin Inhibiting Factor or PIF)
- Human Growth Hormone
- Polypeptide produced in the acidophil cells of the anterior pituitary
- Triggered by Hypoglycemia (or low Amino Acids) via hypothalamic release of GHRH
- Promotes bone and cartilage growth, Protein synthesis, glycogen storage, Fatty Acid increase
- Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
- Polypeptide synthesized and secreted by Basophil cells in the anterior pituitary
- Stimulation (releasing factors) include Corticotropin Releasing Hormone (CRH) and stress
- Inhibition by negative feedback loops (Cortisol inhibits CRH and ACTH release)
- ACTH stimulates the Adrenal Cortex to release Cortisol (and to a lesser extent Aldosterone and androgens)
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH)
- See Thyroid Physiology
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) is a Glycoprotein synthesized in the Basophil cells of the anterior pituitary
- Stimulated by Thyroid Releasing Hormone (TRH)
- Inhibited by negative feedback from Thyroid Hormones (T4, T3)
- Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) promotes all aspects of Thyroid Hormone production
- Increases Iodide uptake and incorporation of Iodine into Thyroglobulin
- Increases lysis into active Thyroid Hormones T4 and T3
- Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
- FSH is a glyoprotein secreted by Basophil cells in the anterior Pituitary Gland
- Stimulation (releasing factors) is by Hypothalamic Gonadotrophic Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
- Inhibited via negative feedback loop by Testosterone, Estrogens, Progesterone and inhibin
- FSH stimulates ovarian follicle growth (which secretes Estradiol) in women
- FSH stimulates spermatogenesis and sperm maturation within Sertoli Cells in men
- Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
- LH is a Glycoprotein secreted by Basophil cells in the anterior Pituitary Gland
- Stimulation is by Hypothalamic Gonadotrophic Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
- Inhibited via negative feedback loop by Testosterone, Estrogens, Progesterone and inhibin
- LH stimulates ovarian follicles to ovulate and mature into a corpus luteum (produces Estrogen, Progesterone)
- LH stimulates Leydig Cells within Testes to produce Testosterone
- Prolactin
VI. References
- Goldberg (2014) Clinical Neuroanatomy, Medmaster, p. 54-60
- Netter (1997) Atlas Human Anatomy, ICON Learning, p. 140-1
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Related Studies
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | The area of the brain that controls body temperature, hunger, and thirst. |
| Definition (NCI_CDISC) | The supervisory center in the brain, rich in ganglia, nerve fibers, and synaptic connections. It is composed of several sections called nuclei, each of which controls a specific function. |
| Definition (NCI) | An important supervisory center in the brain, rich in ganglia, nerve fibers, and synaptic connections. It is composed of several sections called nuclei, each of which controls a specific function. The hypothalamus regulates body temperature, blood pressure, heartbeat, metabolism of fats and carbohydrates, and sugar levels in the blood. Through direct attachment to the pituitary gland, the hypothalamus also meters secretions controlling water balance and milk production in the female. The role of the hypothalamus in awareness of pleasure and pain is well established in the laboratory. It is involved in the expression of emotions, such as fear and rage, and in sexual behaviors. Despite its numerous vital functions, the hypothalamus in humans accounts for only 1/300 of total brain weight, and is about the size of an almond. Structurally, it is joined to the thalamus; the two work together to monitor the sleep-wake cycle. |
| Definition (MSH) | Ventral part of the DIENCEPHALON extending from the region of the OPTIC CHIASM to the caudal border of the MAMMILLARY BODIES and forming the inferior and lateral walls of the THIRD VENTRICLE. |
| Definition (CSP) | ventral part of the diencephalon extending from the region of the optic chiasm to the caudal border of the mammillary bodies and forming the inferior and lateral walls of the third ventricle. |
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| MSH | D007031 |
| SnomedCT | 67923007 |
| English | Hypothalamus, Preoptico-hypothalamic region, Preoptico-hypothalamic area, hypothalamic, preoptico-hypothalamic region, Hy, hypothalamus, preoptico-hypothalamic area, HYPOTHALAMUS, BRAIN, HYPOTHALAMUS, Preoptico-Hypothalamic Area, Area, Preoptico-Hypothalamic, Preoptico-Hypothalamic Areas, Preoptico Hypothalamic Area, Areas, Preoptico-Hypothalamic, Hypothalamic structure (body structure), Hypothalamic structure, Hypothalamus, NOS |
| Swedish | Hypotalamus |
| Czech | hypotalamus |
| Finnish | Hypotalamus |
| Russian | GIPOTALAMUS, PODBUGORNAIA OBLAST', GIPOTALAMICHESKAIA OBLAST', PODBUGOR'E, ГИПОТАЛАМИЧЕСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ, ГИПОТАЛАМУС, ПОДБУГОРНАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ, ПОДБУГОРЬЕ |
| Croatian | HIPOTALAMUS |
| Latvian | Hipotalāms |
| Polish | Podwzgórze |
| Norwegian | Hypotalamus, Hypothalamus |
| Portuguese | Organum Vasculosum da Lamina Terminalis, Lâmina Terminal, Hipotálamo |
| Spanish | estructura hipotalámica (estructura corporal), estructura hipotalámica, hipotálamo, Hipotálamo |
| French | Hypothalamus |
| German | Hypothalamus |
| Italian | Ipotalamo |
| Dutch | Hypothalamus |
Ontology: Hypothalamus, Anterior (C0020664)
| Definition (MSH) | The front portion of the HYPOTHALAMUS separated into the preoptic region and the supraoptic region. The preoptic region is made up of the periventricular GRAY MATTER of the rostral portion of the THIRD VENTRICLE and contains the preoptic ventricular nucleus and the medial preoptic nucleus. The supraoptic region contains the PARAVENTRICULAR HYPOTHALAMIC NUCLEUS, the SUPRAOPTIC NUCLEUS, the ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMIC NUCLEUS, and the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEUS. |
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| MSH | D007032 |
| English | Anterior Hypothalamus, Hypothalamus, Anterior |
| Swedish | Hypotalamus, främre |
| Czech | hypotalamus přední |
| Finnish | Etuhypotalamus |
| Russian | GIPOTALAMUS PEREDNII, GIPOTALAMICHESKAIA OBLAST' SUPRAOPTICHESKAIA, ГИПОТАЛАМИЧЕСКАЯ ОБЛАСТЬ СУПРАОПТИЧЕСКАЯ, ГИПОТАЛАМУС ПЕРЕДНИЙ |
| Polish | Podwzgórze przednie |
| Norwegian | Pars anterior hypothalami, Hypothalamus, Pars anterior, Hypotalamus, fremre |
| French | Hypothalamus antérieur |
| German | Hypothalamus, Pars anterior |
| Italian | Ipotalamo anteriore |
| Dutch | Hypothalamus, Pars anterior |
| Portuguese | Hipotálamo Anterior |
| Spanish | Hipotálamo Anterior |
Ontology: Hypothalamus, Middle (C0020669)
| Definition (MSH) | Middle portion of the hypothalamus containing the arcuate, dorsomedial, ventromedial nuclei, the TUBER CINEREUM and the PITUITARY GLAND. |
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| MSH | D007033 |
| English | Hypothalamus, Medial, Hypothalamus, Middle, Medial Hypothalamus, Middle Hypothalamus, Intermediate hypothalamic region, Intermediate hypothalamic area, Hypothalamic Region, Intermediate, Hypothalamic Regions, Intermediate, Intermediate Hypothalamic Region, Intermediate Hypothalamic Regions, Region, Intermediate Hypothalamic, Regions, Intermediate Hypothalamic, intermediate hypothalamic region, IHR, Regio hypothalamica intermedia, Area hypothalamica intermedia |
| French | Hypothalamus médial, Hypothalamus moyen, Hypothalamus médian, Région hypothalamique moyenne |
| Swedish | Hypotalamus, mittre |
| Czech | hypotalamus střední |
| Finnish | Keskihypotalamus |
| Russian | GIPOTALAMUS SREDNII, GIPOTALAMUS MEDIAL'NYI, GIPOTALAMUS VORONKOOBRAZNYI, ГИПОТАЛАМУС ВОРОНКООБРАЗНЫЙ, ГИПОТАЛАМУС МЕДИАЛЬНЫЙ, ГИПОТАЛАМУС СРЕДНИЙ |
| Japanese | 視床下部内側部, 内側部-視床下部 |
| Croatian | Not Translated[Hypothalamus, Middle] |
| Latvian | Not Translated[Hypothalamus, Middle] |
| Polish | Podwzgórze środkowe |
| Norwegian | Hypothalamus, Regio intermedia, Midtre hypotalamus, Hypothalamus, Pars medialis, Hypotalamus, midtre |
| German | Hypothalamus, Pars medialis, Hypothalamus, mittlerer, Hypothalamus, Regio intermedia |
| Italian | Ipotalamo mediano |
| Dutch | Hypothalamus, pars medialis |
| Portuguese | Hipotálamo Médio, Região Hipotalâmica Intermediária |
| Spanish | Hipotalamo Medial, Hipotálamo Medio, Región Hipotalámica Intermedia |
Ontology: Posterior Hypothalamic Region (C0020670)
| Definition (MSH) | The part of the hypothalamus posterior to the middle region consisting of several nuclei including the medial maxillary nucleus, lateral mammillary nucleus, and posterior hypothalamic nucleus (posterior hypothalamic area). The posterior hypothalamic area is concerned with control of sympathetic responses and is sensitive to conditions of decreasing temperature and controls the mechanisms for the conservation and increased production of heat. |
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| MSH | D007034 |
| English | Hypothalamus, Posterior, Posterior hypothalamic region, Mammillary level of hypothalamus, Mammillary region, Posterior hypothalamus, Hypothalamic Region, Posterior, Hypothalamic Regions, Posterior, Posterior Hypothalamic Regions, Region, Posterior Hypothalamic, Regions, Posterior Hypothalamic, mammillary region, posterior hypothalamic region, mammillary level of hypothalamus, PHR, posterior hypothalamus, Posterior Hypothalamic Region, Hypothalamus posterior, Regio hypothalamica posterior, Area hypothalamica posterior, Hypothalamica Posterior, Area, Posterior Hypothalamus, Region, Mammillary, Area Hypothalamica Posterior, Posterior, Area Hypothalamica, Hypothalamus Posteriors, Posteriors, Hypothalamus, Mammillary Regions, Area Hypothalamica Posteriors, Posteriors, Area Hypothalamica, Posterior, Hypothalamus, Hypothalamica Posteriors, Area, Mammillary Region, Hypothalamus Posterior, Regions, Mammillary |
| Swedish | Hypotalamus, bakre |
| Czech | hypotalamus zadní |
| Finnish | Takahypotalamus |
| Russian | GIPOTALAMUS ZADNII, ГИПОТАЛАМУС ЗАДНИЙ |
| Italian | Regione posteriore dell'ipotalamo, Ipotalamo posteriore |
| Polish | Podwzgórze tylne |
| Japanese | 後部-視床下部, 視床下部後部 |
| Norwegian | Hypothalamus, Pars posterior, Bakre hypotalamus, Hypotalamus, bakre del |
| French | Hypothalamus postérieur, Région hypothalamique dorsale, Région hypothalamique postérieure |
| German | Hypothalamus, Pars posterior, Hypothalamus, posteriore Region, Posteriore Hypothalamusregion |
| Dutch | Hypothalamus, Pars posterior |
| Portuguese | Hipotálamo Posterior, Região Hipotalâmica Posterior |
| Spanish | Hipotálamo Posterior, Región Hipotalámica Posterior, Región Posterior Hipotalámica |
Ontology: Gonadorelin (C0023610)
| Definition (NCI) | Specifically expressed in hypothalamic neurons as a preproprotein, Gonadotropin Releasing Hormones (GnRH Family) are secreted into the median eminence capillary plexus, bind to receptors on anterior pituitary gonadotrophs, and stimulate the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to control female reproduction. |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | A hormone made by the hypothalamus (part of the brain). GnRH causes the pituitary gland to make luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). These hormones are involved in reproduction. |
| Definition (CSP) | decapeptide hormone released by the hypothalamus which stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland. |
| Definition (MSH) | A decapeptide that stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE. GnRH is produced by neurons in the septum PREOPTIC AREA of the HYPOTHALAMUS and released into the pituitary portal blood, leading to stimulation of GONADOTROPHS in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND. |
| Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Neuroreactive Substance or Biogenic Amine (T124) , Hormone (T125) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) |
| MSH | D007987 |
| SnomedCT | 397197007, 20941000, 32011002, 66835004, 49869009, 337381005, 325995009, 75969007 |
| LNC | LP16322-7, LP32557-8, MTHU004297 |
| English | FSH Releasing Hormone, FSH-Releasing Hormone, Gn-RH, GnRH, Gonadoliberin, Gonadorelin, Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone, LFRH, LH FSH Releasing Hormone, LH Releasing Hormone, LH-FSH Releasing Hormone, LH-RH, LHFSH Releasing Hormone, LHFSHRH, LHRH, Luliberin, Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone, Releasing Hormone, LHFSH, gonadotropin releasing hormone, GRH, GnRH - Gonadotrophin-releas, Gonadotrophin-releasing hormon, LH-RH - Gonadotrophin-releas, LHRF, GnRH-Gonadotrophin rel horm, Gonadotrophin rel horm, LHRH-Luteinising horm rel horm, LHRH-Luteinizing horm rel horm, Luteinising horm rel horm, Luteinizing horm rel horm, Gonadorelin (Obsolete), Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, LH-Releasing Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone, 5-oxoPro-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2 (human or pig), gonadotropin releasing factor, FSHRH, Gonadotrophin release hormone, GRH - Gonadotrophn releas horm, Gonadorelin agent, Gonadorelin agent (substance), GRF (gonadotropin releasing factor), GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone), LRF, luliberin, gonadotropin-releasing factor, LH-FSH releasing hormone, FSH-releasing hormone, LH-FSH RH, gonadotropin RH, Luteinising hormone releasing factor preparation -RETIRED-, Luteinising hormone releasing factor -RETIRED-, Luteotropin-releasing factor, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor, GnRH - Gonadotropin releasing hormone, GRH - Gonadotropin releasing hormone, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone [Chemical/Ingredient], gnrh, grf, lhrh, gn rh, gn-rh, gonadotrophin releasing hormone, grh, lh-rh, gonadorelin hormone, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, Gonadotropin-releasing hormones, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor preparation (product), Luteinising hormone releasing factor, Follicle stimulating hormone releasing factor preparation (product), Luteinising hormone releasing factor preparation, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor preparation, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor (substance), Gonadotrophin release hormone (product), luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GONADORELIN, gonadorelin, Follicle stimulating hormone releasing factor preparation, GRF, GRF preparation, GnRH - Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone product, Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone product, Gonadotropin releasing factor, Gonadotropin releasing factor preparation, Gonadotropin releasing hormone, LH-RH - Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, GnRH - Gonadotrophin releasing hormone, Gonadotrophin releasing factor, Gonadotrophin releasing factor preparation, Gonadotrophin releasing hormone, LHRH - Luteinising hormone releasing hormone, LHRH - Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, Luteinising hormone releasing hormone, Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, GRH - Gonadotrophin releasing hormone, Gonadorelin (product), Gonadotropin releasing factor (substance), Gonadotropin releasing factor preparation (product), luteinizing hormone-releasing factor, D-His-6-Pro-8-NEt-LHRH, FRF, FSH/RF, FSHRF preparation, Follicle stimulating hormone releasing factor, LH/RF, LHRF preparation, Follicle stimulating hormone releasing factor preparation -RETIRED-, Gonadorelin (substance), Gonadotrophin release hormone (substance), Gonadotropin releasing factor preparation (substance), Luteinizing hormone releasing factor -RETIRED-, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor preparation -RETIRED-, Follicle Stimulating Hormone-Releasing Factor, GN-RH, Gonadorelinum, Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone, Hoe- 471, LH-RF, LH/FSH-RF, LH/FSH-RH, Luteinising Hormone-Releasing Factor, Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor |
| Portuguese | Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina, Gonadorrelina, LHRH, GnRH, Gonadoliberina, Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio Luteinizante, Hormônio Liberador de LH-FSH, Hormônio Liberador do FSH, Luliberina |
| Spanish | Gonadorelina, Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina, gonadorelina, gonadorelina (sustancia), gonadorelina (producto), gonadorrelina (producto), preparado de factor liberador de gonadotrofina (producto), factor liberador de gonadotrofina, factor liberador de gonadotrofina (producto), hormona liberadora de gonadotrofinas (sustancia), gonadoliberina (sustancia), gonadorrelina, factor liberador de gonadotrofinas, hormona liberadora de gonadotropinas, preparado de factor liberador de gonadotrofina, preparado de LHRF, hormona liberadora de gonadotrofina, preparado de factor liberador de homona luteinizante-RETIRADO- (concepto no activo), preparado de factor liberador de FSH, factor liberador de hormona luteinizante - RETIRADO - (concepto no activo), factor liberador de LH, preparado de factor liberador de hormona foliculoestimulante-RETIRADO- (concepto no activo), preparado de factor liberador de homona luteinizante-RETIRADO-, factor liberador de hormona luteinizante - RETIRADO -, preparado de FSHRF, factor liberador de hormona folículo - estimulante, factor liberador de FSH, hormona liberadora de gonadotrofina (producto), preparado de factor liberador de hormona foliculoestimulante-RETIRADO-, factor liberador de LH/FSH, factor liberador de gonadotropina, gonadoliberina, gonadorrelina (sustancia), hormona liberadora de LH/FSH, hormona liberadora de gonadotrofinas, hormona liberadora de gonadotropinas, producto, preparado de GRF, preparado de factor liberador de gonadotrofina (sustancia), preparado de factor liberador de gonadotropina, LHRH, GnRH, Gonadoliberina, Hormona Liberadora de HFE, Hormona Liberadora de HL-HFE, Hormona Liberadora de Hormona Luteinizante, Luliberina |
| Russian | ГОНАДОТРОПИН-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН, ГОНАДОРЕЛИН, GONADORELIN, LG-FSG-RILIZING-GORMON, LIULIBERIN, FSG-RILIZING-GORMON, GONADOLIBERIN, LG-RILIZING-GORMON, LIUTEINIZIRUIUSHCHII GORMON-RILIZING-GORMON, GONADOTROPIN-RILIZING-GORMON, ГОНАДОЛИБЕРИН, ЛГ-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН, ЛГ-ФСГ-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН, ЛЮЛИБЕРИН, ЛЮТЕИНИЗИРУЮЩИЙ ГОРМОН-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН, ФСГ-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН |
| Italian | Gonadorelina, GnRH, Ormone rilasciante gonadotropina |
| French | Hormone de libération des gonadotrophines, Hormone de libération des gonadotropines, Facteur de libération de FSH/LH, Hormone de libération de l'hormone lutéinisante, Gn-RH, LH/FSH-RH, LH-RH, GnRH, FSH/LH-RH, Gonadoréline, Gonadolibérine, Lulibérine, LHRH, FSH/LH-RF |
| Swedish | Gonadotropinfrisättande hormon |
| Czech | LHRH, luliberin, GnRH, hormon uvolňující LH-FSH, gonadoliberin, hormon uvolňující gonadotropiny, gonadorelin |
| Finnish | Gonadotropiinia vapauttava hormoni |
| Japanese | LH-FSH放出ホルモン, LH放出ホルモン, ゴナドトロピン放出ホルモン, ルタミン, 性腺刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン, 酢酸ゴナドレリン, ゴナドレリン, 卵胞刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン, ルリベリン, レリゾーム, ゴナドリベリン, ヒポクライン, 黄体形成ホルモン放出ホルモン, FSH放出ホルモン |
| Croatian | GONADORELIN |
| Polish | Hormon uwalniający gonadotropinę, Gonadoliberyna, Hormon uwalniający FSH, Hormon uwalniający hormon luteotropowy, GnRH, LHRH, Gonadorelina |
| Norwegian | Gonadotropinfrigjørende hormon, Gonadorelin, GnRH, Gonadotropinfrigjørere, FSH-frigjørende hormon, Gonadoliberin, LH-frigjørende hormon, LHRH |
| German | FSH-Releasing-Hormon, Follikel-stimulierendes-Hormon-Releasing-Hormon, GnRH, Gonadoliberin, Gonadorelin, LH-FSH-Releasing-Hormon, LH-Releasing-Hormon, LHRH, Luliberin, Luteinisierungshormon-Releasing-Hormon, Gonadotropin-Releasing-Hormon |
Ontology: hypothalamus gland (C0885432)
| Definition (ALT) | Hypothalamus gland. |
| Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
| English | hypothalamus gland, gland hypothalamus, glands hypothalamus, Hypothalamus / hypothalamus gland, hypothalamus/hypothalamus gl |
