Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist

Aka: Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Agonist, Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Agonist, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog, GnRH Agonist, Gonadorelin, Nafarelin Acetate, Synarel, Leuprolide, Lupron, Goserelin, Zoladex, Histrelin, Vantas, Triptorelin, Trelstar

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II. Indications

  1. Endometriosis
    1. Nafarelin Acetate (Synarel)
    2. Leuprolide (Lupron)
    3. Goserelin (Zoladex)
  2. Central Precocious Puberty
    1. Nafarelin Acetate (Synarel)
    2. Leuprolide (Lupron)
    3. Histrelin (Vantas)
    4. Triptorelin (Trelstar)
  3. Uterine Fibroids
    1. Leuprolide (Lupron)
  4. Prostate Cancer (Men with regionally advanced or metastatic cancer)
    1. Leuprolide (Lupron)
    2. Goserelin (Zoladex)
    3. Histrelin (Vantas)

III. Contraindications

  1. Pregnancy

IV. Mechanism

  1. Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH)
    1. GnRH is generated within hypothalamic Neurons (infundibular nucleus, arcuate nucleus)
    2. GnRH is released typically in pulses in men and women
      1. GnRH is also released in a surge before Ovulation
    3. GnRH binds receptors on the Pituitary Gland triggering release of gonadotropins
      1. Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
      2. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
    4. Gonadotropins (LH, FSH) stimulate release of sex Hormones (e.g. Estrogen, Testosterone)
  2. GnRH Agonist
    1. GnRH Agonists are synthetic analogs of GnRH
    2. When GnRH (e.g. Gonadorelin) is given in IV pulses, 90 min apart, they trigger Ovulation
      1. Pulsatile GnRH release mimics in vivo GnRH release that triggers FSH and LH release
      2. May be used in Female Infertility due to central Hypogonadism to trigger Ovulation
    3. When GnRH Agonists are used continuously they disrupt normal pulsatile release of GnRH
      1. Hyperstimulates receptors (with initial transient increase in LH and FSH release)
      2. Results in Desensitization and down regulation of GnRH receptors
      3. Ultimately decreases LH and FSH release from the pituitary
      4. Results in hypoestrogenism or pseudo-Menopause and is used in Prostate Cancer and Endometriosis
  3. Images
    1. hypothalamusPituitaryHormones.png

V. Medications

  1. Leuprolide (Lupron)
  2. Goserelin (Zoladex)
  3. Histrelin (Vantas)
  4. Triptorelin (Trelstar)
  5. Nafarelin Acetate (Synarel)
    1. Endometriosis
      1. Dose 200 mg (1 spray) micro-g intranasally twice daily (alternating nostrils)
      2. Duration: 6 months
    2. Central Precocious Puberty
      1. Dose 2 sprays in each nostril twice daily (800 mcg twice daily)

VI. Dosing

  1. See other references

VII. Efficacy

  1. Endometriosis (Nafarelin)
    1. Effective at regression of lesions and relief of pain
    2. Does not cause the same androgenic effects as Danazol
    3. No proven effect on fertility

VIII. Adverse Effects: Women

  1. Menopausal symptoms
    1. Hot Flashes
    2. Insomnia
    3. Emotional changes (includes Major Depression)
  2. Bone density loss with prolonged use
    1. Consider add-back therapy with Norethindrone to reduce bone loss risk
  3. Ovarian Cysts
    1. May develop in first 2 months of medication use
  4. Other effects
    1. Vaginal Bleeding (initial first 1-2 months)
    2. Weight gain
    3. Fatigue
    4. Hyperglycemia
    5. Dyslipidemia
    6. Cognitive effects (decreased mental sharpness)
    7. QTc Prolongation (Leuprolide)

IX. Adverse Effects: Men (Prostate Cancer)

  1. Prostate Cancer initial flare
    1. Occurs with initial, transient increase in Testosterone
  2. Hot Flashes
  3. Erectile Dysfunction
  4. Testicular atrophy
  5. Gynecomastia
  6. Alopecia
  7. Other effects (similar to women)
    1. Weight gain
    2. Fatigue
    3. Hyperglycemia
    4. Dyslipidemia
    5. Cognitive effects (decreased mental sharpness)

X. Safety

  1. Pregnancy Category X
    1. Use reliable Contraception
  2. Avoid in Lactation

XI. Resources

  1. Nafarelin Acetate (DailyMed)
    1. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d0aa57cb-d2f4-46d7-af43-7c8b06aa81a6
  2. Leuprolide (DailyMed)
    1. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=bec9077a-3f04-4887-856d-dde2de24584d
  3. Goserelin (DailyMed)
    1. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=e4cb3c20-2738-400a-b522-3f36f71fe6c5
  4. Histrelin (DailyMed)
    1. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=d8fb000e-3cc9-4803-b71d-2cc597661977
  5. Triptorelin (DailyMed)
    1. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=f41380e7-b830-432d-a5f5-a872932f107e

XII. References

  1. (2022) Presc Lett, Medications to treat Prostate Cancer, Resource #380108
  2. Fairchild (2015) AJR Am J Roentgenol 204(6):W620-30 +PMID: 26001251 [PubMed]

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Related Studies

Cost: Medications

lupron (on 1/14/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing)
LUPRON DEPOT 11.25 MG 3MO KIT $4,546.75 each
LUPRON DEPOT 22.5 MG 3MO KIT $5,399.92 each
LUPRON DEPOT 3.75 MG KIT $1,505.48 each
LUPRON DEPOT 7.5 MG KIT $1,794.46 each
FPNotebook does not benefit financially from showing this medication data or their pharmacy links. This information is provided only to help medical providers and their patients see relative costs. Insurance plans negotiate lower medication prices with suppliers. Prices shown here are out of pocket, non-negotiated rates. See Needy Meds for financial assistance information. GoodRx is another tool for finding lower drug prices.

Ontology: Gonadorelin (C0023610)

Definition (NCI) Specifically expressed in hypothalamic neurons as a preproprotein, Gonadotropin Releasing Hormones (GnRH Family) are secreted into the median eminence capillary plexus, bind to receptors on anterior pituitary gonadotrophs, and stimulate the release of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) to control female reproduction.
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A hormone made by the hypothalamus (part of the brain). GnRH causes the pituitary gland to make luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). These hormones are involved in reproduction.
Definition (CSP) decapeptide hormone released by the hypothalamus which stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) from the pituitary gland.
Definition (MSH) A decapeptide that stimulates the synthesis and secretion of both pituitary gonadotropins, LUTEINIZING HORMONE and FOLLICLE STIMULATING HORMONE. GnRH is produced by neurons in the septum PREOPTIC AREA of the HYPOTHALAMUS and released into the pituitary portal blood, leading to stimulation of GONADOTROPHS in the ANTERIOR PITUITARY GLAND.
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Neuroreactive Substance or Biogenic Amine (T124) , Hormone (T125) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116)
MSH D007987
SnomedCT 397197007, 20941000, 32011002, 66835004, 49869009, 337381005, 325995009, 75969007
LNC LP16322-7, LP32557-8, MTHU004297
English FSH Releasing Hormone, FSH-Releasing Hormone, Gn-RH, GnRH, Gonadoliberin, Gonadorelin, Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone, LFRH, LH FSH Releasing Hormone, LH Releasing Hormone, LH-FSH Releasing Hormone, LH-RH, LHFSH Releasing Hormone, LHFSHRH, LHRH, Luliberin, Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone, Releasing Hormone, LHFSH, gonadotropin releasing hormone, GRH, GnRH - Gonadotrophin-releas, Gonadotrophin-releasing hormon, LH-RH - Gonadotrophin-releas, LHRF, GnRH-Gonadotrophin rel horm, Gonadotrophin rel horm, LHRH-Luteinising horm rel horm, LHRH-Luteinizing horm rel horm, Luteinising horm rel horm, Luteinizing horm rel horm, Gonadorelin (Obsolete), Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, LH-Releasing Hormone, Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone, 5-oxoPro-His-Trp-Ser-Tyr-Gly-Leu-Arg-Pro-Gly-NH2 (human or pig), gonadotropin releasing factor, FSHRH, Gonadotrophin release hormone, GRH - Gonadotrophn releas horm, Gonadorelin agent, Gonadorelin agent (substance), GRF (gonadotropin releasing factor), GnRH (gonadotropin releasing hormone), LRF, luliberin, gonadotropin-releasing factor, LH-FSH releasing hormone, FSH-releasing hormone, LH-FSH RH, gonadotropin RH, Luteinising hormone releasing factor preparation -RETIRED-, Luteinising hormone releasing factor -RETIRED-, Luteotropin-releasing factor, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor, GnRH - Gonadotropin releasing hormone, GRH - Gonadotropin releasing hormone, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone [Chemical/Ingredient], gnrh, grf, lhrh, gn rh, gn-rh, gonadotrophin releasing hormone, grh, lh-rh, gonadorelin hormone, luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, Gonadotropin-releasing hormones, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor preparation (product), Luteinising hormone releasing factor, Follicle stimulating hormone releasing factor preparation (product), Luteinising hormone releasing factor preparation, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor preparation, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor (substance), Gonadotrophin release hormone (product), luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone, gonadotropin-releasing hormone, GONADORELIN, gonadorelin, Follicle stimulating hormone releasing factor preparation, GRF, GRF preparation, GnRH - Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone product, Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone product, Gonadotropin releasing factor, Gonadotropin releasing factor preparation, Gonadotropin releasing hormone, LH-RH - Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone, GnRH - Gonadotrophin releasing hormone, Gonadotrophin releasing factor, Gonadotrophin releasing factor preparation, Gonadotrophin releasing hormone, LHRH - Luteinising hormone releasing hormone, LHRH - Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, Luteinising hormone releasing hormone, Luteinizing hormone releasing hormone, GRH - Gonadotrophin releasing hormone, Gonadorelin (product), Gonadotropin releasing factor (substance), Gonadotropin releasing factor preparation (product), luteinizing hormone-releasing factor, D-His-6-Pro-8-NEt-LHRH, FRF, FSH/RF, FSHRF preparation, Follicle stimulating hormone releasing factor, LH/RF, LHRF preparation, Follicle stimulating hormone releasing factor preparation -RETIRED-, Gonadorelin (substance), Gonadotrophin release hormone (substance), Gonadotropin releasing factor preparation (substance), Luteinizing hormone releasing factor -RETIRED-, Luteinizing hormone releasing factor preparation -RETIRED-, Follicle Stimulating Hormone-Releasing Factor, GN-RH, Gonadorelinum, Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone, Hoe- 471, LH-RF, LH/FSH-RF, LH/FSH-RH, Luteinising Hormone-Releasing Factor, Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor
Portuguese Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina, Gonadorrelina, LHRH, GnRH, Gonadoliberina, Hormônio Liberador de Hormônio Luteinizante, Hormônio Liberador de LH-FSH, Hormônio Liberador do FSH, Luliberina
Spanish Gonadorelina, Hormona Liberadora de Gonadotropina, gonadorelina, gonadorelina (sustancia), gonadorelina (producto), gonadorrelina (producto), preparado de factor liberador de gonadotrofina (producto), factor liberador de gonadotrofina, factor liberador de gonadotrofina (producto), hormona liberadora de gonadotrofinas (sustancia), gonadoliberina (sustancia), gonadorrelina, factor liberador de gonadotrofinas, hormona liberadora de gonadotropinas, preparado de factor liberador de gonadotrofina, preparado de LHRF, hormona liberadora de gonadotrofina, preparado de factor liberador de homona luteinizante-RETIRADO- (concepto no activo), preparado de factor liberador de FSH, factor liberador de hormona luteinizante - RETIRADO - (concepto no activo), factor liberador de LH, preparado de factor liberador de hormona foliculoestimulante-RETIRADO- (concepto no activo), preparado de factor liberador de homona luteinizante-RETIRADO-, factor liberador de hormona luteinizante - RETIRADO -, preparado de FSHRF, factor liberador de hormona folículo - estimulante, factor liberador de FSH, hormona liberadora de gonadotrofina (producto), preparado de factor liberador de hormona foliculoestimulante-RETIRADO-, factor liberador de LH/FSH, factor liberador de gonadotropina, gonadoliberina, gonadorrelina (sustancia), hormona liberadora de LH/FSH, hormona liberadora de gonadotrofinas, hormona liberadora de gonadotropinas, producto, preparado de GRF, preparado de factor liberador de gonadotrofina (sustancia), preparado de factor liberador de gonadotropina, LHRH, GnRH, Gonadoliberina, Hormona Liberadora de HFE, Hormona Liberadora de HL-HFE, Hormona Liberadora de Hormona Luteinizante, Luliberina
Russian ГОНАДОТРОПИН-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН, ГОНАДОРЕЛИН, GONADORELIN, LG-FSG-RILIZING-GORMON, LIULIBERIN, FSG-RILIZING-GORMON, GONADOLIBERIN, LG-RILIZING-GORMON, LIUTEINIZIRUIUSHCHII GORMON-RILIZING-GORMON, GONADOTROPIN-RILIZING-GORMON, ГОНАДОЛИБЕРИН, ЛГ-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН, ЛГ-ФСГ-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН, ЛЮЛИБЕРИН, ЛЮТЕИНИЗИРУЮЩИЙ ГОРМОН-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН, ФСГ-РИЛИЗИНГ-ГОРМОН
Italian Gonadorelina, GnRH, Ormone rilasciante gonadotropina
French Hormone de libération des gonadotrophines, Hormone de libération des gonadotropines, Facteur de libération de FSH/LH, Hormone de libération de l'hormone lutéinisante, Gn-RH, LH/FSH-RH, LH-RH, GnRH, FSH/LH-RH, Gonadoréline, Gonadolibérine, Lulibérine, LHRH, FSH/LH-RF
Swedish Gonadotropinfrisättande hormon
Czech LHRH, luliberin, GnRH, hormon uvolňující LH-FSH, gonadoliberin, hormon uvolňující gonadotropiny, gonadorelin
Finnish Gonadotropiinia vapauttava hormoni
Japanese LH-FSH放出ホルモン, LH放出ホルモン, ゴナドトロピン放出ホルモン, ルタミン, 性腺刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン, 酢酸ゴナドレリン, ゴナドレリン, 卵胞刺激ホルモン放出ホルモン, ルリベリン, レリゾーム, ゴナドリベリン, ヒポクライン, 黄体形成ホルモン放出ホルモン, FSH放出ホルモン
Croatian GONADORELIN
Polish Hormon uwalniający gonadotropinę, Gonadoliberyna, Hormon uwalniający FSH, Hormon uwalniający hormon luteotropowy, GnRH, LHRH, Gonadorelina
Norwegian Gonadotropinfrigjørende hormon, Gonadorelin, GnRH, Gonadotropinfrigjørere, FSH-frigjørende hormon, Gonadoliberin, LH-frigjørende hormon, LHRH
German FSH-Releasing-Hormon, Follikel-stimulierendes-Hormon-Releasing-Hormon, GnRH, Gonadoliberin, Gonadorelin, LH-FSH-Releasing-Hormon, LH-Releasing-Hormon, LHRH, Luliberin, Luteinisierungshormon-Releasing-Hormon, Gonadotropin-Releasing-Hormon
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: Triptorelin (C0077275)

Definition (NCI) A synthetic decapeptide agonist analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Possessing greater potency than endogenous LHRH, triptorelin reversibly represses gonadotropin secretion. After chronic, continuous administration, this agent effects sustained decreases in LH and FSH production and testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis. Serum testosterone concentrations may fall to levels typically observed in surgically castrated men. (NCI04)
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A drug that is used to treat advanced prostate cancer, and is being studied in the treatment of breast cancer. It belongs to the family of hormonal drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs.
Definition (PDQ) A synthetic decapeptide agonist analog of luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH). Possessing greater potency than endogenous LHRH, triptorelin reversibly represses gonadotropin secretion. After chronic, continuous administration, this agent effects sustained decreases in LH and FSH production and testicular and ovarian steroidogenesis. Serum testosterone concentrations may fall to levels typically observed in surgically castrated men. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=42944&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=42944&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C1267" NCI Thesaurus)
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Hormone (T125) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116)
MSH D017329
SnomedCT 327370004, 395915003
English D-Trp-6-LH-RH, LHRH, Trp(6)-, GnRH, Trp(6)-, 6-D-Tryptophan-Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig), Triptorelin (Obsolete), 6-D-Tryptophan-LH-RH, Detryptoreline, 6-D-Tryptophanluteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor, Triptorelin, TRP LHRH D 06, triptorelin, GNRH-a triptorelin, triptorelin (medication), LHRH, Tryptophyl(6)-, Triptorelin [Chemical/Ingredient], TRIPTORELIN, Triptorelin (product), Triptorelin (substance), D-TRP-6-LHRH, TRIP
German Trp6-GnRH, Trp6-LHRH, TRP LHRH D 06, Triptorelin, D-Trp-6-LH-RH, LHRH, Trp(6)-
Swedish Triptorelin
Finnish Triptoreliini
French D-Trp-6 LH-RH, D-Trp-6-LH-RH, Triptoréline
Japanese デカペプチル, トリプトレリン
Portuguese Triptorrelina, D-Trp-6-LH-RH, Trp(6)-LHRH
Spanish Triptorelina, triptorelina (producto), triptorelina (sustancia), triptorelina, D-Trp-6-LH-RH, LHRH-Trp(6)
Czech triptorelin
Italian Triptorelina
Norwegian LHRH, Trp(6)-, D-Trp-6-LH-RH, 6-D-tryptofan-luteiniserende-hormonfrigjørende faktor, GnRH, Trp(6)-, LHRH, tryptofyl(6)-, Triptorelin
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: Goserelin (C0120107)

Definition (NCI) A synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) with antineoplastic activity. Goserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of goserelin inhibits the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, thereby decreasing levels of testosterone (in males) and estradiol (in females). Administration of this agent in a depot formulation may result in the regression of sex hormone-sensitive tumors and a reduction in sex organ size and function. (NCI04)
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A drug that belongs to the family of drugs called gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues. Goserelin is used to block hormone production in the ovaries or testicles.
Definition (MSH) A synthetic long-acting agonist of GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE. Goserelin is used in treatments of malignant NEOPLASMS of the prostate, uterine fibromas, and metastatic breast cancer.
Definition (PDQ) A synthetic decapeptide analog of luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) with antineoplastic activity. Goserelin binds to and activates pituitary gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Prolonged administration of goserelin inhibits the secretion of pituitary gonadotropin, thereby decreasing levels of testosterone (in males) and estradiol (in females). Administration of this agent in a depot formulation may result in the regression of sex hormone-sensitive tumors and a reduction in sex organ size and function. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=40224&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=40224&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C1374" NCI Thesaurus)
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116)
MSH D017273
SnomedCT 108771008, 126138002
English Goserelin, Luteinizing hormone-releasing factor (pig), 6-(O-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-D-serine)-10-deglycinamide-, 2-(aminocarbonyl)hydrazide, goserelin, Goserelin (Obsolete), 6-[O-(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-D-serine]-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig) 2-(aminocarbonyl)hydrazide, Goserelin [Chemical/Ingredient], gnrh-a goserelin, goserelin (medication), GOSERELIN, Goserelin product, Goserelin (substance), Goserelin preparation (product), Goserelin preparation, Goserelin preparation (substance)
Swedish Goserelin
Czech goserelin
Finnish Gosereliini
Russian GOSERELIN, ГОСЕРЕЛИН
Japanese ゴセレリン, ゾラデックス, ゾラデックスLA, 酢酸ゴセレリン, ゴセレリン酢酸塩
Spanish goserelina (producto), goserelina, preparado con goserrelina (producto), preparado con goserrelina, goserrelina (sustancia), goserelina (sustancia), goserrelina, preparado de goserrelina (producto), preparado de goserrelina (sustancia), preparado de goserrelina, Goserelina
Polish Gozerelina
Norwegian Goserelin
French Goséréline
German Goserelin
Italian Goserelina
Portuguese Gosserrelina
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: histrelin (C0121902)

Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116)
MSH C029256
SnomedCT 109049002, 126198004
LNC LP30838-4, MTHU015174
English ((im bzl)-D-His(6), Pro(9)-NEt)LHRH, 6-His(imBzl)-9-N-Et-ProNH2-10-des-GlyNH2-LHRH, GnRH, His(imBzl)(6)-N-Et-ProNH2(9)-, histrelin, IBHPE-LHRH, imbzl-His(6), Pro(9)-NET-GNRH, LHRH, His(imBzl)(6)-N-Et-ProNH2(9)-, LHRH, histidyl(imBzl)(6)-N-ethylprolinamide(9)-des-glycinamide(10)-, Luteinizing hormone-releasing factor, 6-(1-(phenylmethyl)-D-histidine)-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide-, Histrelin (Obsolete), HISTRELIN, Histrelin (substance), Histrelin preparation (product), Histrelin preparation, Histrelin, Histrelin preparation (substance)
Spanish histrelina (producto), preparado de histrelina (producto), preparado de histrelina, histrelina (sustancia), histrelina, preparado de histrelina (sustancia)
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: Synarel (C0131793)

Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116)
MSH D017274
French Synarel
English synarel, Synarel
Norwegian Synarel
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: Leuprolide Acetate (C0700596)

Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A drug used to treat symptoms of advanced prostate cancer. It is also being studied in the treatment of other conditions and types of cancer. The active ingredient leuprolide blocks the body from making testosterone (a male hormone) and estradiol (a female hormone). It may stop the growth of prostate cancer cells that need testosterone to grow. Some brands of leuprolide are also used to treat early puberty in children and certain gynecologic conditions. Leuprolide acetate is a type of gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog.
Definition (NCI) The acetate salt of a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Leuprolide binds to and activates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of leuprolide in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. This agent reduces testosterone production to castration levels and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression.
Definition (PDQ) The acetate salt of a synthetic nonapeptide analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. Leuprolide binds to and activates gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) receptors. Continuous, prolonged administration of leuprolide in males results in pituitary GnRH receptor desensitization and inhibition of pituitary secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH), leading to a significant decline in testosterone production; in females, prolonged administration results in a decrease in estradiol production. This agent reduces testosterone production to castration levels and may inhibit androgen receptor-positive tumor progression. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=40058&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=40058&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C1319" NCI Thesaurus)
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Hormone (T125)
MSH D016729
SnomedCT 70562007, 327358003
English Acetate, Leuprolide, Leuprolide Ac (Obsolete), D-Leu6, desGly-NH2 10-LHRH ethylamide monoacetate, D-leu6, desgly-NH2 10, proethylamide9-GnRH monoacetate, D-Leu<sup>6</sup>, desGly-NH<sub>2</sub><sup>10</sup>-LHRH ethylamide monoacetate, D-leu<sup>6</sup>, desgly-NH<sub>2</sub><sup>10</sup>, proethylamide<sup>9</sup>-GnRH monoacetate, Leuprorelin Acetate, Leuprolide Acetate, leuprolide acetate, 6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-1-9-luteinizing Hormone-releasing Factor (Pig) Monoacetate, 6-D-Leucine-9-(N-ethyl-L-prolinamide)-10-deglycinamide Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Factor (Pig) Monoacetate, LEUPROLIDE ACETATE, leuprolide acetate (medication), GNRH-a leuprolide acetate, Leuprolide Acetate [Chemical/Ingredient], leuprorelin acetate, leuprolide (as leuprolide acetate), Leuprolide acetate, Leuprorelin acetate, D-leu^6^, desgly-NH>2<^10^, proethylamide^9^-GnRH monoacetate, D-Leu^6^, desGly-NH>2<^10^-LHRH ethylamide monoacetate, Leuprolide acetate (substance), Leuprorelin acetate (product), Leuprorelin acetate (substance)
French Acétate de leuprolide
Spanish D-Leu6, desGli-NH2 10-LHRH etilamida monoacetato, D-leu<sup>6</sup>, desgli-NH<sub>2</sub><sup>10</sup>, proetilamida<sup>9</sup>-GnRH monoacetato, D-Leu6,desgli-NH2 10-monoacetato etilamida de LHRH, acetato de leuprolida, D-Leu^6^, desGli-NH>2<^10^-LHRH etilamida monoacetato, acetato de leuproleína, acetato de leuprolida (sustancia), D-Leu<sup>6</sup>, desGli-NH<sub>2</sub><sup>10</sup>-LHRH etilamida monoacetato, D-leu^6^, desgli-NH>2<^10^, proetilamida^9^-GnRH monoacetato, D-leu6, desgli-NH2 10, proetilamida9-GnRH monoacetato, D-Leu^6^,desgli-NH>2<^10^-monoacetato etilamida de LHRH, acetato de leuprorelina (sustancia), D-leu<sup>6</sup>,desgli-NH<sub>2</sub><sup>10</sup>,proetilamida<sup>9</sup>-monoacetato de GnRH, D-leu6,desgli-NH2 10,proetilamida9-monoacetato de GnRH, D-Leu<sup>6</sup>,desgli-NH<sub>2</sub><sup>10</sup>-monoacetato etilamida de LHRH, D-leu^6^,desgli-NH>2<^10^,proetilamida^9^-monoacetato de GnRH, acetato de leuprorelina (producto), acetato de leuprorelina
Norwegian Leuprolidacetat
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog (C1268900)

Concepts Hormone (T125) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
SnomedCT 108772001
English Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analogue, Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone analog, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (product), Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogue, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog (substance), Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone Analog
Spanish análogo de hormona liberadora de gonadotropina, análogo de hormona liberadora de gonadotrofina (producto), análogo de hormona liberadora de gonadotrofina (sustancia), análogo de hormona liberadora de gonadotrofina
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GNRH-A) (C2012324)

Concepts Hormone (T125) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
English gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GNRH-A), gonadotropin releasing hormone agonists (GNRH-A) (medication)
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

Ontology: Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Receptor Agonists [MoA] (C2267072)

Concepts Molecular Function (T044)
English GnRH Receptor Agonists, Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Receptor Agonists [MoA], Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone Receptor Agonists
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

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