II. Anatomy
- Testicular size (length)
- Images
Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
III. Physiology: Development
- Gestation 5.5 to 8 weeks
- Gonadal differentiation is triggered by Testis determining factor Protein (SRY gene)
- Primordial gonad differentiates into Testicle
- Testes develop from mesenchymal tissue within urogenital ridge (gonadal ridge)
- Gonadal agenesis occurs if primordial germ cells fail to migrate into urogenital ridge
- Gonadal differentiation is triggered by Testis determining factor Protein (SRY gene)
- Gestation 8 to 15 weeks
- Transabdominal migration of Testicle from gonadal ridge to lumbosacral region of developing Kidney
- Testicles migrate to the inguinal ring as the cranial suspensory ligament regresses
- Gestation 10 to 11 weeks: Androgen secretion
- Leydig cells produce Testosterone and Insulin-like peptide 3
- Wolffian duct (Mesonephric duct) differentiation
- Epididymis
- Vas deferense
- Seminal Vessicles
- Gestation 32-36: Testes descend into Scrotum
IV. Physiology: Function
-
Pituitary Gland
- Releases Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
- Testes
- Leydig cells in Testes releases Testosterone in response to LH release
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Testicles, or testes, make male hormones and sperm. They are two egg-shaped organs inside the scrotum, the loose sac of skin behind the penis. It's easy to injure your testicles because they are not protected by bones or muscles. Men and boys should wear athletic supporters when they play sports. You should examine your testicles monthly and seek medical attention for lumps, redness, pain or other changes. Testicles can get inflamed or infected. They can also develop cancer. Testicular cancer is rare and highly treatable. It usually happens between the ages of 15 and 40. |
| Definition (NCI_CTCAE) | A disorder characterized by involvement of the testis. |
| Definition (NCI) | A non-neoplastic or neoplastic disorder affecting the testis. Representative examples include torsion, infarction, germ cell tumor, sex cord-stromal tumor, lymphoma, and leukemia. |
| Definition (CSP) | deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of the testis. |
| Definition (MSH) | Pathological processes of the TESTIS. |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D013733 |
| SnomedCT | 64910008, 297228003, 236763001 |
| LNC | LP18510-5 |
| English | Disease, Testicular, Diseases, Testicular, Testicular Diseases, TESTIS DISORDER, testis disorder, TESTICULAR DIS, Disease of testis, disorder of testis, disorder of testis (diagnosis), Testis disorder, Disorder testicle, Testicular disorder NOS, Testicular Diseases [Disease/Finding], Testes, disorder testes, disorders testicle, disorders testicles, testis disease, disorders testicular, testicular disease, testicular diseases, disease testicular, disorders testes, testes disorders, testicular disorder, Testicular Disorders, Testis--Diseases, Testicular disease, Testicular disorder, disease (or disorder); testis, testis; disorder, Disease of testis, NOS, Disorder of testis, NOS, Testicular disorder, NOS, Disorder of testis, Disease of testis (disorder), Disorder of testis (disorder), Testes Disorders, Testicular Disease, Testicular Disorder |
| Italian | Patologia del testicolo, Patologia del testicolo NAS, Patologia testicolare, Malattie del testicolo |
| Dutch | testisaandoening, aandoening testis, testiculaire aandoening NAO, aandoening; testis, testis; aandoening, testiculaire aandoening, Testisziekte, Testisziekten, Ziekte, testis-, Ziekten, testis- |
| French | Affection du testicule SAI, AFFECTION TESTICULAIRE, Trouble testiculaire, Maladies testiculaires, Maladies des testicules, Maladies du testicule |
| German | Affektion der Hoden NNB, Erkrankungen der Hoden, Hodenerkrankungen, HODENVERAENDERUNG, Hodenerkrankung, Hodenkrankheiten |
| Portuguese | Afecção testicular, Afecção testicular NE, ALTERACAO TESTICULAR, Anomalia testicular, Doenças Testiculares |
| Spanish | Trastorno de testículo, Trastorno testicular NEOM, trastorno del testículo, enfermedad del testículo (trastorno), TESTICULO, TRASTORNO, enfermedad testicular, trastorno testicular, Trastorno testicular, trastorno de testículo (trastorno), trastorno de testículo, enfermedad del testículo, Enfermedades Testiculares |
| Japanese | 精巣機能障害, 精巣疾患, 精巣障害ＮＯＳ, 精巣障害, ｾｲｿｳｼｮｳｶﾞｲNOS, ｾｲｿｳｼｮｳｶﾞｲ, ｾｲｿｳｷﾉｳｼｮｳｶﾞｲ, ｾｲｿｳｼｯｶﾝ |
| Swedish | Testikelsjukdomar |
| Finnish | Kivesten sairaudet |
| Russian | IAICHKA BOLEZNI, ЯИЧКА БОЛЕЗНИ |
| Czech | Testikulární porucha, Porucha varlete, Testikulární porucha NOS, varlata - nemoci, varle - nemoci, nemoci varlete, testis - nemoci, nemoci varlat |
| Croatian | Not Translated[Testicular Diseases] |
| Polish | Choroby jądra |
| Hungarian | Testis rendellenesség, Testicularis betegség, Herebetegség, Testicularis betegség k.m.n. |
| Norwegian | Sykdommer i testikkel, Testikkelsykdommer |
Ontology: Testis (C0039597)
| Definition (FMA) | Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of seminiferous tubules which communicate with the duct of the epididymis. Examples: There only two instances, right testis and left testis. |
| Definition (UWDA) | Lobular organ the parenchyma of which consists of seminiferous tubules which communicate with the duct of the epididymis. Examples: There only two instances, right testis and left testis. |
| Definition (NCI) | Either of the paired male reproductive glands that produce the male germ cells and the male hormones. |
| Definition (NCI_CDISC) | Either of the paired male reproductive glands that produce the male germ cells and the male hormones. (NCI) |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | One of two egg-shaped glands inside the scrotum that produce sperm and male hormones. |
| Definition (MSH) | The male gonad containing two functional parts: the SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES for the production and transport of male germ cells (SPERMATOGENESIS) and the interstitial compartment containing LEYDIG CELLS that produce ANDROGENS. |
| Definition (CSP) | male gonad; either of the paired glands normally located in the scrotum; each testis is surround by an outer mesothelial layer and an inner white capsule and is composed of compartments which contain the seminiferous tubules where the spermatozoa are produced; specialized interstital Leydig cells secrete androgens. |
| Concepts | Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023) |
| MSH | D013737 |
| SnomedCT | 279572002, 40689003 |
| HL7 | TESTI |
| LNC | LP30322-9, LP36008-8, LP124832-9, MTHU040200 |
| English | Testis, Testes, Testicle structure, Testicular structure, Orchis, Testis (Orchis), testicle, testicles, testes, balls (testicles), male gonad, Testicular structure (body structure), Testicles, TESTIS, testis, Testicle, Testis structure, Male gonad, Testis structure (body structure), Testis, NOS, Male gonad, NOS, Testicle, NOS, Genital System, Male, Testis, Testicle(Testis) |
| French | Testis, Testicule, Testicules |
| Swedish | Testikel |
| Czech | testis, varlata, varle |
| Finnish | Kives |
| Russian | IAICHKI, ЯИЧКИ |
| Croatian | TESTIS |
| Latvian | Sēklinieki |
| Polish | Jądra, Jądro |
| Japanese | 睾丸, 精巣 |
| Norwegian | Testikkel, Testikler, Testis |
| Spanish | estructura testicular, estructura testicular (estructura corporal), estructura del testículo (estructura corporal), estructura del testículo, gónada masculina, testículo, Testículo, Testículos |
| German | Hoden, Testis, Testikel |
| Italian | Testicolo |
| Dutch | Teelbal, Testis, Zaadbal, Testikel, Testikels |
| Portuguese | Testículo, Testículos |
