II. Physiology

  1. Vision mediated via Retinal innervation

III. Anatomy

IV. Course

  1. Retinal fibers coalesce into the Optic Nerve
  2. Optic Nerves become Optic Tracts at the Optic Chiasm
    1. See Visual Pathway
    2. Left Optic Tract (Comprises Right Visual Field)
      1. Left Lateral and Right Medial Optic Nerves
    3. Right Optic Tract (Comprises Left Visual Field)
      1. Right Lateral and Left Medial Optic Nerves

V. Exam

  1. Visual Acuity
  2. Funduscopic Exam
  3. Visual Field Testing
    1. Screening: Confrontation
    2. Assessment: Perimetry

VI. References

  1. Gilman (1989) Manter and Gatz Essentials of Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology, Davis, p. 87-113
  2. Goldberg (2014) Clinical Neuroanatomy, p. 24-39

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Ontology: Optic Nerve (C0029130)

Definition (FMA) Nerve trunk which is continuous with the retina and the optic chiasm.
Definition (CHV) nerve that delivers visual information to the brain
Definition (CHV) nerve that delivers visual information to the brain
Definition (CHV) nerve that delivers visual information to the brain
Definition (CHV) nerve that delivers visual information to the brain
Definition (NCI_CDISC) The second cranial nerve. (NCI)
Definition (NCI) The second cranial nerve.
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) The nerve that carries messages from the retina to the brain.
Definition (MSH) The 2nd cranial nerve which conveys visual information from the RETINA to the brain. The nerve carries the axons of the RETINAL GANGLION CELLS which sort at the OPTIC CHIASM and continue via the OPTIC TRACTS to the brain. The largest projection is to the lateral geniculate nuclei; other targets include the SUPERIOR COLLICULI and the SUPRACHIASMATIC NUCLEI. Though known as the second cranial nerve, it is considered part of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
Definition (CSP) second cranial nerve; conveys visual information from the retina to the brain; carries the axons of the retinal ganglion cells which sort at the optic chiasm and continue via the optic tracts to the brain; the largest projection is to the lateral geniculate nuclei; other important targets include the superior colliculi and the suprachiasmatic nuclei; though known as the second cranial nerve, it is considered part of the central nervous system.
Concepts Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023)
MSH D009900
SnomedCT 18234004
English Nerve, Optic, Nerves, Optic, Optic Nerve, Optic Nerves, Cranial Nerve II, Cranial Nerve, Second, Cranial Nerves, Second, Nerve II, Cranial, Nerve, Second Cranial, Nerves, Second Cranial, Second Cranial Nerve, Second Cranial Nerves, CII - Cranial nerve II, cranial nerve II, Optic nerve [II], Nervus opticus [II], cranial nerve ii, nervus opticus, optic nerves, Nerve IIs, Cranial, Cranial Nerve IIs, optic nerve, 2n, second cranial nerve, Nerve II, Nervus opticus, OPTIC NERVE, NERVE, OPTIC, Nervus Opticus, Opticus, Nervus, Second cranial nerve, Optic nerve, Cranial nerve II, Optic nerve (II), Optic nerve structure, Optic nerve structure (body structure), Optic nerve, NOS, ON - Optic nerve
French Nerf crânien 2, Nerf crânien II, Deuxième paire crânienne, Deuxième nerf crânien, Nerf optique
Swedish Synnerv
Czech nervus opticus, II. hlavový nerv, nerv zrakový, zrakový nerv, optický nerv
Finnish Näköhermo
Russian ZRITEL'NYI NERV, ЧЕРЕПНОЙ НЕРВ II, ВТОРОЙ ЧЕРЕПНО-МОЗГОВОЙ НЕРВ, VTOROI CHEREPNO-MOZGOVOI NERV, CHEREPNOI NERV II, ЗРИТЕЛЬНЫЙ НЕРВ
Japanese 視神経, 第2脳神経
German ZWEITER HIRNNERV, Hirnnerv II, II. Hirnnerv, Nervus opticus, Sehnerv
Italian Nervo cranico II, Secondo nervo cranico, Nervo ottico
Croatian OPTIČKI ŽIVAC, VIDNI ŽIVAC
Latvian Redzes nervs
Polish Nerw II, Nerw wzrokowy
Norwegian 2. hjernenerve, Hjernenerve 2, Nervus opticus, Synsnerve
Spanish II Par Craneal, Nervio Craneal II, II par craneal, estructura del nervio óptico (estructura corporal), estructura del nervio óptico, nervio craneal II, nervio óptico (II), nervio óptico , SAI, nervio óptico, segundo par craneal, segundo par craneano, II Nervio Craneal, Nervio Óptico, Segundo Nervio Craneal
Portuguese II Par Craniano, II Nervo Craniano, Nervo Craniano II, Nervo Óptico, Segundo Nervo Craniano
Dutch IIe hersenzenuw, Nervus opticus, Nervus opticus II, Oogzenuw