II. Definitions

  1. Central Nervous System (CNS)
    1. Nervous system subset that includes the brain, Brainstem, spinal cord and Meninges

III. Background

  1. Three major sections of Central Nervous System
    1. Cerebrum (two hemispheres)
    2. Cerebellum and Brainstem (Midbrain, pons and Medulla)
    3. Spinal cord (Cervical Spine, Thoracic Spine and Lumbosacral Spine levels)
  2. Between the Cerebral Hemispheres and the Brainstem lie two additional groups of structures
    1. Diencephalon (including the Thalamus and Hypothalamus)
    2. Basal Ganglia (including the Caudate Nucleus and Globus Pallidus)
  3. Central Nervous System is coated in Meninges (3 layer wrap)
    1. Pia (inner most, and containing arteries)
    2. Arachnoid
    3. Dura (outer layer, dual walled containing venous sinuses)

IV. Anatomy: Cerebrum

  1. Lobes
    1. Frontal Lobe
    2. Parietal Lobe
    3. Occipital Lobe
    4. Temporal Lobe
  2. Anatomical landmarks (divide the cerebral lobes into further identifiable regions)
    1. Brain Gyri
    2. Brain sulci and Brain Fissures
  3. Images
    1. neuroBrainLobesGrayBB728.gifLewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)

V. Anatomy: Cerebellum

VI. Anatomy: Brain Stem

  1. See Brain Stem Anatomy
  2. Midbrain
  3. Pons Cerebri
  4. Medulla Oblongata
  5. Images
    1. neuroCnsGeneralAnatomy.png
    2. neuroBrainstemGrayBB677.gifLewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
    3. neuroBrainXsGrayBB715.gifLewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)

VII. Anatomy: Diencephalon

  1. Thalamus
  2. Epithalamus (posterior)
    1. Habenula (and habenular commissure)
    2. Stria Medullaris
    3. Pineal gland
  3. Subthalamus
    1. Subthalamic Nucleus
  4. Hypothalamus
  5. Pituitary Gland
    1. See Pituitary Anatomy
  6. Basal Ganglia
    1. Caudate Nucleus
    2. Globus Pallidus
    3. Putamen
    4. Claustrum
    5. Amygdala

VIII. Anatomy: Images

  1. neurocnsgeneralanatomy.png
  2. neuroBrainXsGrayBB715.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  3. neuroBrainXsGrayBB716.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  4. neuroBrainXsGrayBB717.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  5. neuroBrainXsGrayBB718.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  6. neuroBrainXsGrayBB720.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  7. neuroBrainInferiorGrayBB724.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  8. neuroBrainLobesGrayBB728.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  9. neuroTemporalLobeGrayBB730.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  10. neuroFrontLobeLtGrayBB729.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  11. neuroBrainInsulaGrayBB731.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  12. neuroRhinencephalonGrayBB732.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  13. neuroCorpusCallosumGrayBB733.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  14. neuroStriatumGrayBB741.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  15. neuroBrainXsGrayBB742.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  16. neuroBrainXsGrayBB743.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  17. neuroBrainXsGrayBB744.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  18. neuroBrainXsGrayBB745.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  19. neuroInternalCapsuleTractsGrayBB746.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  20. neuroFornixGrayBB747.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  21. neuroFornixInferiorGrayBB748.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  22. neuroBrainTractsGrayBB751.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  23. neuroBrainXsGrayBB753.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  24. neuroCerebralCortexMicroGrayBB754.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  25. neuroBrainIllustrationXsGrayBB768.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  26. NeuroFalxCerebriGrayBB567.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)
  27. neuroFalxCerebriGrayBB765.gif Lewis (1918) Gray's Anatomy 20th ed (in public domain at Yahoo or BartleBy)

IX. References

  1. Gilman (1989) Manter and Gatz Essentials of Neuroanatomy and Neurophysiology, Davis, p. 1-16
  2. Goldberg (2014) Clinical Neuroanatomy, Medmaster, p. 1-5

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Ontology: Intracranial structure (C1267697)

Concepts Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023)
SnomedCT 128319008
English Intracranial structure (body structure), Intracranial structure
Spanish estructura intracraneal (estructura corporal), estructura intracraneal

Ontology: Central Nervous System (C3714787)

Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) The brain and spinal cord.
Definition (NCI_CDISC) The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges. (NCI)
Definition (NCI) The part of the nervous system that consists of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.
Definition (MSH) The main information-processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.
Definition (CSP) main information processing organs of the nervous system, consisting of the brain, spinal cord, and meninges.
Concepts Body Part, Organ, or Organ Component (T023)
MSH D002490
SnomedCT 21483005
LNC LA4174-4
English Central Nervous System, Structure of central nervous system (body structure), Central nervous system structure (body structure), Structure of central nervous system, Central nervous system structure, central nervous system, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM, Central nervous system, CNS, Nervous System, CNS
Swedish Centrala nervsystemet
Spanish SNC, estructura del sistema nervioso central (estructura corporal), estructura del sistema nervioso central, sistema nervioso central
Polish Układ nerwowy ośrodkowy
Russian НЕРВНАЯ СИСТЕМА ЦЕНТРАЛЬНАЯ
Dutch CZS, Centraal zenuwstelsel, Zenuwstelsel, centraal