Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury from birth trauma

Aka: Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injury from birth trauma

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II. Pathophysiology

  1. Vagus Nerve injury at recurrent laryngeal
  2. Results in unilateral vocal cord abductor paralysis

III. Causes

  1. Unilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis
    1. Excessive traction on head during delivery
  2. Bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis
    1. Trauma to both recurrent laryngeal nerves
    2. Central Nervous System injury

IV. Signs

  1. Hoarse cry
  2. Respiratory Stridor

V. Diagnosis

  1. Direct Laryngoscopy
    1. Vocal Cord Paralysis

VI. Management

  1. Small, frequent feedings (minimize aspiration risk)
  2. Intubation if bilateral Vocal Cord Paralysis

VII. Course

  1. Paralysis persists for 4-6 weeks

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