Spinal Dysraphism

Aka: Spinal Dysraphism, Caudal Neural Tube Defect, Spinal Meningocele, Spina bifida

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II. Types: Spinal Dysraphism

  1. Spina Bifida Occulta
  2. Spinal Meningocele
    1. MeningesHerniate through posterior Vertebral arches
    2. Most often occurs in low back
    3. Anterior Herniation at Sacrum may also occur
      1. Applies pelvic pressure
      2. May result in Constipation or Bladder abnormality
    4. Usually asymptomatic and covered by full layer skin
  3. Myelomeningocele

III. Exam

  1. Transilluminate along low back Vertebral Column
  2. Complete Neurologic Examination

IV. Imaging

  1. Lumbosacral MRI (preferred, but expensive and requires Conscious Sedation)
  2. Spinal Ultrasound
  3. Lumbosacral XRay

V. Associated conditions

  1. See Myelomeningocele
  2. Hydrocephalus
  3. Diastematomyelia
  4. Tethered spinal cord
  5. Spinal Lipoma
  6. Syringomyelia

VI. Complications

  1. See Myelomeningocele

VII. References

  1. Behrman (2000) Nelson Pediatrics, Saunders, p. 1804
  2. Goetz (1999) Neurology, Saunders, p. 515-16

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