II. Pathophysiology

  1. Associated with Brachial Birth Trauma
  2. Unilateral diaphragm paralysis

III. Signs

  1. Respiratory distress
  2. Diminished breath sounds on affected side

IV. Radiology: Ultrasound or Fluoroscopy of diaphragm

  1. Diaphragm elevated on affected side
  2. Affected diaphragm moves upward with inspiration

V. Management

  1. Pulmonary toilet while resolving
  2. Refractory cases
    1. Diaphragmatic plication
    2. Phrenic nerve pacing

VI. Course

  1. Resolves over 1 to 3 months

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