II. Epidemiology
-
Autosomal Dominant
- Chromosome region 17q11.2
- Parent with NF has 50% of transmission per birth
-
Incidence
- NF-1: 1 in 4000
- NF-2: 1 in 50,000
III. Pathophysiology
- Disorder of neural crest differentiation
IV. Diagnostic Criteria: NF-1 (any 2 of below present)
- Cafe-Au-Lait Spots (6 or more in 100% of cases)
- Axillary or inguinal Freckles (2-3 mm diameter)
-
Iris Lisch Nodules (2 or more)
- Hamartomas on iris (Slit Lamp exam)
- Present in half by kindergarten, 100% by age 21 years
- Optic Glioma (Optic Nerve benign tumor)
- Pupil dilates on response to bright light
- Neurofibromas (2 or more)
- Small, Rubbery, purple skin lesions
- Bone abnormalities (one of associated conditions)
- Scoliosis (most common)
- Sphenoid dysplasia
- Long bone cortical thinning
- First degree relative with NF-1
V. Diagnostic Criteria: NF-2 (one of the following)
- Bilateral Cranial Nerve 8 Acoustic Neuromas
- First degree relative with NF-2 and one criteria below:
- Unilateral Acoustic Neuroma
- Neurofibroma (much less common in NF-2)
- Meningioma
- Glioma
- Schwannoma
- Posterior subcapsular lenticular opacity
VI. Associated Conditions
- NF-1
- Intracranial low grade gliomas and hamartomas
- Learning disabilities (e.g. ADHD)
- Speech abnormalities
- Seizure Disorder
- Macrocephaly
- Hydrocephalus (rare)
- Cerebrovascular Disease (Moyamoya Disease)
- Hypertension
- Associated with Renal Artery Stenosis
- NF-1 also associated with Pheochromocytoma
- Precocious Puberty
- Malignancies (e.g. Leukemia, Wilms' Tumor)
- CNS tumors (e.g. meningiomas, astrocytomas)
- NF-2
- CNS tumors (e.g. Schwann cell, glioma, meningioma)
VII. Monitoring
- Detailed history and physical periodically
- Pediatric Ophthalmology annually
VIII. References
- Behrman (2000) Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, p. 1835
- Debella (2000) Pediatrics 105:608-14 [PubMed]
- Lynch (2002) Neurol Clin 20(3):841-65 [PubMed]
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Related Studies
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Neurofibromatosis is a genetic disorder of the nervous system. It mainly affects how nerve cells form and grow. It causes tumors to grow on nerves. You can get neurofibromatosis from your parents, or it can happen because of a mutation (change) in your genes. Once you have it, you can pass it along to your children. Usually the tumors are benign, but sometimes they can become cancerous. There are three types of neurofibromatosis:
Doctors diagnose the different types based on the symptoms. Genetic testing is also used to diagnose NF1 and NF2. There is no cure. Treatment can help control symptoms. Depending on the type of disease and how bad it is, treatment may include surgery to remove tumors, radiation therapy, and medicines. NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke |
| Definition (MSHCZE) | Recklinghausenova nemoc – 1. R. neurofibromatóza – dědičné onemocnění s mnohočetnými nádorky na kůži a v nervovém systému. Na kůži jsou četné drobné vazivové nádory (fibromy) a skvrny (typicky barvy bílé kávy). V různých místech se objevují nádory z nervových obalů (neurinomy, neurofibromy). Při výraznějším postižení nervového systému těmito nádory vznikají komplikace (poruchy hybnosti, zraku, sluchu aj.). 2. forma kostního postižení při hyperparatyreóze, viz osteodystrofie. (cit. Velký lékařský slovník online, 2013 http://lekarske.slovniky.cz/ ) |
| Definition (NCI) | Type 1 (peripheral) neurofibromatosis (von Recklinghausen's disease), is the most common type of neurofibromatosis. It is characterized clinically by cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors with patches of hyperpigmentation. The hyperpigmented skin areas, are present from birth and found anywhere on the body surface. They can vary markedly in size and color. The dark brown areas are called cafe-au-lait spots. The multiple cutaneous and subcutaneous tumors are nerve sheath neoplasms, called neurofibromas. They can develop anywhere along the peripheral nerve fibers. Neurofibromas can become quite large, causing a major disfigurement, eroding bone, and compressing various peripheral nerve structures. Type 1 neurofibromatosis has dominant inheritance, with a gene locus on the proximal long arm of chromosome 17. |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | A rare genetic condition that causes brown spots and tumors on the skin, freckling in skin areas not exposed to the sun, tumors on the nerves, and developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bone, and skin. |
| Definition (MSH) | An autosomal dominant inherited disorder (with a high frequency of spontaneous mutations) that features developmental changes in the nervous system, muscles, bones, and skin, most notably in tissue derived from the embryonic NEURAL CREST. Multiple hyperpigmented skin lesions and subcutaneous tumors are the hallmark of this disease. Peripheral and central nervous system neoplasms occur frequently, especially OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA and NEUROFIBROSARCOMA. NF1 is caused by mutations which inactivate the NF1 gene (GENES, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1) on chromosome 17q. The incidence of learning disabilities is also elevated in this condition. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1014-18) There is overlap of clinical features with NOONAN SYNDROME in a syndrome called neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome. Both the PTPN11 and NF1 gene products are involved in the SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION pathway of Ras (RAS PROTEINS). |
| Concepts | Neoplastic Process (T191) |
| MSH | D009456 |
| ICD9 | 237.71 |
| ICD10 | Q85.01 |
| SnomedCT | 92824003, 700061007, 81669005 |
| English | Neurofibromatosis 1, Neurofibromatosis, Peripheral, NF 1, Neurofibromatosis, Peripheral, NF1, Recklinghausen Disease of Nerve, Recklinghausen's Disease of Nerve, Recklinghausens Disease of Nerve, von Recklinghausen Disease, von Recklinghausen's Disease, von Recklinghausens Disease, Neurofibromatosis, type 1 (von Recklinghausen's disease), Von Recklinghausen's disease, neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), VON RECKLINGHAUSEN DISEASE, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, TYPE I, RECKLINGHAUSENS DIS OF NERVE, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS A 01, RECKLINGHAUSEN DIS OF NERVE, VON RECKLINGHAUSENS DIS, VON RECKLINGHAUSEN DIS, [M]Von Recklinghausen's dis, Von Recklinghausen's dis, [M]Von Recklinghausen's disease, Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis, type I neurofibromatosis (diagnosis), neurofibromatosis type I (von Recklinghausen's disease), von Recklinghausen's disease, type I neurofibromatosis, Von Recklinghausen's disease (of nerve), NF1 (Neurofibromatosis 1), Neurofibromatosis Type 1, Neurofibromatosis, Type 1, Type 1 Neurofibromatosis, Type 1, Neurofibromatosis, Neurofibromatosis I, I, Neurofibromatosis Type, Neurofibromatoses, Type I, Neurofibromatosis Type I, Neurofibromatosis, Type I, Type I Neurofibromatoses, Type I, Neurofibromatosis, Neurofibromatoses, Peripheral, Neurofibromatosis, Peripheral, Peripheral Neurofibromatoses, Peripheral Neurofibromatosis, Neurofibromatosis type I, NEUROFIBROMATOSIS, PERIPHERAL TYPE, Neurofibromatosis 1 [Disease/Finding], von recklinghausen's disease, neurofibromatosis 1, recklinghausen disease, von recklinghausen disease, neurofibromatosis i, von recklinghausens disease, disease recklinghausens, neurofibromatosis type i, neurofibromatosis type 1, recklinghausen's disease, Neurofibromatosis, type 1 [von recklinghausen's disease], Neurofibromatosis, Peripheral Type, Neurofibromatosis, Recklinghausen's disease, Molluscum Fibrosum, Recklinghausen Disease, Nerve, Clinical von Reclinghausen's disease, Von Recklinghausen disease, Neurofibromatosis, peripheral type, Neurofibromatosis (nonmalignant) type, NF1, Neurofibromatosis 1 (disorder), Neurofibromatosis type 1, Neurofibromatosis, type 1, Neurofibromatosis, type 1 (disorder), disease; Von Recklinghausen, Von Recklinghausen; disease, Von Recklinghausen Disease |
| Dutch | ziekte van Von Recklinghausen (zenuw), neurofibromatose, type 1 (ziekte van von Recklinghausen), Von Recklinghausen; ziekte, ziekte; Von Recklinghausen, Neurofibromatose 1, Neurofibromatose, 1, Perifere neurofibromatose, Von Recklinghausen, ziekte van, Ziekte van Von Recklinghausen |
| French | Neurofibromatose de type 1 (maladie de von Recklinghausen), Maladie de Von Recklinghausen (nerf), Neurofibromatose de type périphérique, Neurofibromatose de Recklinghausen, Neurofibromatose périphérique, NF-1 (NeuroFibromatose de type 1), NF1 (NeuroFibromatose de type 1), Polyfibromatose neurocutanée pigmentaire, Gliofibromatose, Maladie de von Recklinghausen, Neurogliomatose, Neurofibromatose de type 1, Neurofibromatose de type I, Maladie de Recklinghausen |
| German | Von Recklinghausen-Krankheit (des Nervs), Neurofibromatose, Typ 1 (von Recklinghausenkrankheit), NEUROFIBROMATOSE A 01, Neurofibromatose 1, Neurofibromatose, periphere, NF1, Recklinghausenkrankheit, Nerven, Periphere Neurofibromatose, von-Recklinghausen-Krankheit |
| Italian | Malattia di Von Recklinghausen (nervosa), Neurofibromatosi tipo I [malattia di von Recklinghausen], Neurofibromatosi 1 |
| Portuguese | Neurofibromatose tipo 1 (doença de von Recklinghausen), Doença de von Recklinghausen (dos nervos), Doença de Recklinghausen, Doença Neural de Recklinghausen, Doença de von Recklinghausen, Doença Nervosa de Recklinghausen, Neurofibromatose 1, Neurofibromatose Periférica |
| Spanish | Neurofibromatosis de tipo 1 (enfermedad de von Recklinghausen), Enfermedad de Von Recklinghausen (de nervio), Enfermedad Nerviosa de Recklinghausen, neurofibromatosis, tipo periférico, enfermedad de von Recklinghausen, neurofibromatosis 1, neurofibromatosis 1 (trastorno), enfermedad de von Recklinghausen clínica, enfermedad de von Reclinghausen clínica, neurofibromatosis, tipo 1 (trastorno), neurofibromatosis, tipo 1, Enfermedad de von Recklinghausen, Neurofibromatosis 1, Neurofibromatosis de Recklinghausen, Neurofibromatosis Periférica |
| Japanese | フォンレックリングハウゼン病, 神経線維腫症、１型（フォンレックリングハウゼン病）, ﾌｫﾝﾚｯｸﾘﾝｸﾞﾊｳｾﾞﾝﾋﾞｮｳ, ｼﾝｹｲｾﾝｲｼｭｼｮｳ1ｶﾞﾀﾌｫﾝﾚｯｸﾘﾝｸﾞﾊｳｾﾞﾝﾋﾞｮｳ, 神経線維腫症-末梢-NF-1, NF1末梢神経線維腫症, Recklinghausen病1型, 神経線維腫症-NF1末梢, 神経レックリングハウゼン病, レックリングハウゼン病-1, Recklinghausen病-神経, レックリングハウゼン病1型, Recklinghausen病-1, 神経Recklinghausen病, レックリングハウゼン病-神経, 神経線維腫症1, NF-1末梢神経線維腫症, 神経線維腫症1型 |
| Swedish | Neurofibromatos 1 |
| Czech | Recklinghausenova neurofibromatóza, neurofibromatóza 1, Neurofibromatóza typu 1 (von Recklinghausenova nemoc), Von Recklinghausenova nemoc (nervu), von Recklinghausenova choroba, Recklinghausenova choroba, Recklinghausenova nemoc, morbus von Recklinghausen, neurofibromatóza 1. typu, neurofibromatóza typu 1, neurofibromatóza – typ 1, periferní typ neurofibromatózy |
| Finnish | Neurofibromatoosi 1 |
| Russian | NEIROFIBROMATOZ 1, NEIROFIBROMATOZ PERIFERICHESKII NF1, NEIROFIBROMATOZ TIPA I, REKLINGAUZENA BOLEZN' NERVA, НЕЙРОФИБРОМАТОЗ 1, НЕЙРОФИБРОМАТОЗ ПЕРИФЕРИЧЕСКИЙ NF1, НЕЙРОФИБРОМАТОЗ ТИПА I, РЕКЛИНГАУЗЕНА БОЛЕЗНЬ НЕРВА |
| Polish | Choroba Recklinghausena, Neurofibromatoza 1, Włókniakonerwiakowatość obwodowa, Nerwiakowłókniakowatość typu 1, Nerwiakowłókniakowatość 1 |
| Hungarian | Von Recklinghausen-betegség (ideg), Neurofibromatosis, I típus (von Recklinghausen-betegség) |
| Norwegian | von Recklinghausens sykdom, Perifer nevrofibromatose 1, Nevrofibromatose type I, Nevrofibromatose type 1, Nevrofibromatose I, Nevrofibromatose 1, Perifer nevrofibromatose type 1 |
Ontology: Neurofibromatoses (C0162678)
| Definition (NCI) | An autosomal dominant hereditary neoplastic syndrome. Two distinct clinicopathological entities are recognized: neurofibromatosis type 1 and neurofibromatosis type 2. Neurofibromatosis type 1 is associated with the presence of cafe-au-lait cutaneous lesions, multiple neurofibromas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, optic nerve gliomas, and bone lesions. Neurofibromatosis type 2 is associated with the presence of schwannomas, meningiomas, and gliomas. |
| Definition (MSH) | A group of disorders characterized by an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with high rates of spontaneous mutation and multiple neurofibromas or neurilemmomas. NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1 (generalized neurofibromatosis) accounts for approximately 95% of cases, although multiple additional subtypes (e.g., NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 2, neurofibromatosis 3, etc.) have been described. (From Neurochirurgie 1998 Nov;44(4):267-72) |
| Definition (CSP) | group of disorders characterized by an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with high rates of spontaneous mutation and multiple neurofibromas or neurilemmomas; neurofibromatosis 1 (generalized neurofibromatosis) accounts for approximately 95% of cases, although multiple additional subtypes (e.g., neurofibromatosis 2, neurofibromatosis 3, etc.) have been described. |
| Concepts | Neoplastic Process (T191) |
| MSH | D017253 |
| ICD9 | 237.70, 237.7 |
| ICD10 | M9540/1 , Q85.00 |
| SnomedCT | 154642000, 81669005, 19133005 |
| English | Neurofibromatosis, Neurofibromatosis, unspecified, Neurofibromatoses, [M]Multiple neurofibromatosis, [M]Neurofibromatosis NOS, Neurofibromatosis NOS, neurofibromatosis (diagnosis), neurofibromatosis, Multiple Neurofibroma, Multiple Neurofibromas, Neurofibroma, Multiple, Neurofibromas, Multiple, Neurofibromatosis Syndrome, Neurofibromatosis Syndromes, Syndrome, Neurofibromatosis, Syndromes, Neurofibromatosis, Neurofibromatoses [Disease/Finding], multiple neurofibromatosis, Neurofibromatosis (disorder), Multiple neurofibromatosis, Neurofibromatosis syndrome, NF - Neurofibromatosis, Clinical neurofibromatosis, Neurofibromatosis (morphologic abnormality), Neurofibromatosis syndrome (disorder), Neurofibromatosis, NOS, neurofibromatoses |
| Dutch | neurofibromatose, niet-gespecificeerd, neurofibromatose, Neurofibromatose |
| French | Neurofibromatose, non précisée, Neurofibromatose, Neurofibromatoses, Neurofibromes multiples |
| German | Neurofibromatose, unspezifisch, Neurofibromatose, Neurofibromatosen |
| Italian | Neurofibromatosi, non specificato, Neurofibromatosi multipla, Neurofibromatosi |
| Portuguese | Neurofibromatose NE, Neurofibromatose Tipo 3, Neurofibromatose, Neurofibromatoses |
| Spanish | Neurofibromatosis no especificada, neurofibromatosis (anomalía morfológica), neurofibromatosis clínica, neurofibromatosis múltiple, neurofibromatosis, SAI, neurofibromatosis, síndrome de neurofibromatosis (trastorno), síndrome de neurofibromatosis, Neurofibromatosis |
| Japanese | 神経線維腫症、詳細不明, ｼﾝｹｲｾﾝｲｼｭｼｮｳｼｮｳｻｲﾌﾒｲ, ｼﾝｹｲｾﾝｲｼｭｼｮｳ, 神経線維腫症, 神経鞘腫症 |
| Swedish | Neurofibromatoser |
| Czech | neurofibromatózy, Neurofibromatóza, blíže neurčená, Neurofibromatóza |
| Finnish | Neurofibromatoosit |
| Russian | NEIROFIBROMATOZY, NEVROFIBROMATOZ, NEIROFIBROMATOZ, НЕВРОФИБРОМАТОЗ, НЕЙРОФИБРОМАТОЗ, НЕЙРОФИБРОМАТОЗЫ |
| Croatian | NEUROFIBROMATOZE |
| Polish | Neurofibromatozy, Nerwiakowłókniakowatość |
| Hungarian | Neurofibromatosis, nem meghatározott, Neurofibromatosis |
| Norwegian | Nevrofibromatoser |
