II. Indications

  1. FDA Approved
    1. Metastatic Islet Cell Cancer (Pancreas)
  2. Off-Label
    1. Adrenal cancer (metastatic)
    2. Carcinoid Tumor (metastatic)

III. Mechanism

  1. See Alkylating Agent
  2. Antineoplastic methyl-nitrosourea isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces achromogenes
  3. Alkylating Agent that cross-links DNA during all Cell Cycle phases and inhibts DNA synthesis
  4. Glucose sub-component allows for preferential uptake by pancreatic beta cells

IV. Medications

  1. Intravenous: 1 g vial

V. Dosing

  1. See other references for disease specific dosing protocols

VI. Adverse Effects

  1. Extravasation
    1. Skin necrosis
  2. Secondary Malignancy
  3. Nephrotoxicity
    1. Maximize hydration to prevent Renal Injury
  4. Hepatotoxicity
  5. Hypoglycemia
  6. Impaired future fertility
  7. Alopecia
  8. Diabetes Mellitus
    1. Diabetes Mellitus may be induced with high dose Streptozocin
  9. Minimal myelosuppression
    1. Contrast with other nitrosurea Antineoplastic Agents
    2. However, may result in Anemia

VII. Safety

  1. Avoid in Lactation
  2. Avoid in pregnancy (contraindicated in all trimesters)
    1. Teratogenic and adverse outcomes
    2. Use reliable Contraception
  3. Monitoring
    1. Complete Blood Count
    2. Renal Function tests
    3. Liver Function Tests

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Related Studies

Ontology: Streptozocin (C0038432)

Definition (NCI) A methylnitrosourea antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces achromogenes. Streptozocin alkylates DNA, forming inter-strand DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Due to its glucose moiety, this agent is readily taken up by pancreatic beta cells, inducing diabetes mellitus at high concentrations. Unlike other nitrosoureas, streptozocin causes little myelosuppression. (NCI04)
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) An anticancer drug that belongs to the family of drugs called alkylating agents.
Definition (MSH) An antibiotic that is produced by Stretomyces achromogenes. It is used as an antineoplastic agent and to induce diabetes in experimental animals.
Definition (CSP) 2-deoxy-2-(3-methyl-3-nitrosoureido) -D-glucopyranose; USP antineoplastic antibiotic; at high doses it destroys pancreatic beta cells and can be used to create experimental animal models of diabetes mellitus.
Definition (PDQ) A methylnitrosourea antineoplastic antibiotic isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces achromogenes. Streptozocin alkylates DNA, forming inter-strand DNA cross-links and inhibiting DNA synthesis. Due to its glucose moiety, this agent is readily taken up by pancreatic beta cells, inducing diabetes mellitus at high concentrations. Unlike other nitrosoureas, streptozocin causes little myelosuppression. Check for "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=42831&idtype=1" active clinical trials or "http://www.cancer.gov/Search/ClinicalTrialsLink.aspx?id=42831&idtype=1&closed=1" closed clinical trials using this agent. ("http://nciterms.nci.nih.gov:80/NCIBrowser/ConceptReport.jsp?dictionary=NCI_Thesaurus&code=C845" NCI Thesaurus)
Concepts Antibiotic (T195) , Carbohydrate (T118)
MSH D013311
SnomedCT 16915004, 404876000
English Streptozotocin, Streptozotocine, D-Glucose, 2-deoxy-2-(((methylnitrosoamino)carbonyl)amino)-, streptozocin, 2-deoxy-2-(3-methyl-3-nitrosoureido)-D-glucopyranose, 2-deoxy-2-[[(methylnitrosamino)-carbonyl]amino]-D-glucopyranose, Streptozocin, streptozotocin, streptozocin (medication), streptozotocin (medication), Streptozocin [Chemical/Ingredient], stz, STREPTOZOCIN, 2-Deoxy-2-(3-methyl-3-nitrosoureido)-D-glucopyranose, 2-Deoxy-2-((methylnitrosoamino)carbonyl)amino-D-glucose, Streptozocin (substance), Streptozocin (product), SZN, SZC, STZ
Swedish Streptozocin
Czech streptozotocin, streptozocin
Finnish Streptotsosiini
Russian STREPTOZOTSIN, STREPTOZOTOTSIN, СТРЕПТОЗОТОЦИН, СТРЕПТОЗОЦИН
Japanese ストレプトゾシン, ストレプトゾトシン
Polish Streptozocyna
Spanish estreptozocina (sustancia), estreptozocina, estreptozotocina, estreptozocina (producto), Estreptozocina, Estreptozotocina
French Streptozocine
German Streptozocin, Streptozotocin
Italian Streptozocina
Portuguese Estreptozocina, Estreptozotocina