II. Pathophysiology
- Immunoglobulin E (IgE) Antibody mediated reaction
III. Causes
- pRBC Transfusion (0.4% of transfusions)
- Platelet Transfusion (4.1% of transfusions)
IV. Presentations
- Isolated skin involvement (mild)
-
Anaphylaxis or Angioedema (severe)
- Incidence: 8 per 100,000 units Blood Product transfused
V. Signs
- Onset of reaction during transfusion or within 4 hours of transfusion
VI. Management
- See Anaphylaxis
- Consider testing for IgA or Haptoglobin deficiency
- Associated with severe reactions including Anaphylaxis to Transfusion
VII. Prevention
- Washing and volume reduction of Blood Product prior to transfusion
- Strategies that have not been found effective
- Pretreatment prior to transfusion (e.g. Antihistamines, Glucocorticoids)