II. Epidemiology
- Patients gain a mean 1 pound (2.2 kg) per year after age 25
-
Prevalence: 41.9% US adults age 20 to 74 are obese (CDC 2017-2020)
- Obesity in 100 Million U.S. adults (22 million with severe Obesity, BMI>40)
- Adult obesity Prevalence has increased in U.S. from 30.5% in 1999-2000
- References
III. Pathophysiology: Fat expands in 2 ways
- Fat Cell Number
- Fat cell number does not decrease with weight loss
- Increases 5 fold until age 22 years
- Increase continues with nutritional excess
- Non-obese person has 25-30 billion fat cells
- Obese person has 260 billion cells
- Fat Cell Size
- Fat cell size reduces with weight loss
- Adults fill existing fat cells when they over eat
IV. Evaluation
- See Obesity Evaluation
- See Obesity Measurement
- See Obesity Risk
- Screen at least once yearly for Obesity in adults
V. Diagnosis: Obesity
-
Body Mass Index (BMI in kg/m2) Grading: Non-Asian Descent
- BMI 25 to 30: Overweight
- BMI 30 to 35: Class 1 Obesity
- BMI 35 to 40: Class 2 Obesity
- BMI >40: Class 3 Obesity (Severe Obesity)
-
Body Mass Index (BMI in kg/m2) Grading: Asian Descent
- BMI 23 to 27.5: Overweight
- BMI 27.5 to 32.5: Class 1 Obesity
- BMI 32.5 to 37.5: Class 2 Obesity
- BMI >37.5: Class 3 Obesity (Severe Obesity)
-
Waist Circumference Overweight Criteria
- Female >=35 inches (>=31 in asian descent)
- Male >=40 inches (>=35 in asian descent)
- Body Fat Percent Overweight Criteria
- Female >= 32%
- Male >= 25%
- Prior Obesity definitions
- Men: 20% over estimated Ideal Weight
- Women: 30% over estimated Ideal Weight
VI. Management
- See Obesity Management
- See Obesity Medications
- See Obesity Resources
VII. Complications: Conditions for which Obesity Contributes
VIII. Research: Obesity Gene (ob)
IX. References
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Related Studies
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Obesity means having too much body fat. It is different from being overweight, which means weighing too much. The weight may come from muscle, bone, fat, and/or body water. Both terms mean that a person's weight is greater than what's considered healthy for his or her height. Obesity occurs over time when you eat more calories than you use. The balance between calories-in and calories-out differs for each person. Factors that might affect your weight include your genetic makeup, overeating, eating high-fat foods, and not being physically active. Being obese increases your risk of diabetes, heart disease, stroke, arthritis, and some cancers. If you are obese, losing even 5 to 10 percent of your weight can delay or prevent some of these diseases. For example, that means losing 10 to 20 pounds if you weigh 200 pounds. NIH: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | A condition marked by an abnormally high, unhealthy amount of body fat. |
| Definition (NCI_CTCAE) | A disorder characterized by having a high amount of body fat. |
| Definition (NCI) | Having a high amount of body fat (body mass index [BMI] of 30 or more). |
| Definition (CSP) | excessively high accumulation of body fat or adipose tissue in relation to lean body mass; the amount of body fat (or adiposity) includes concern for both the distribution of fat throughout the body and the size of the adipose tissue deposits; individuals are usually at high clinical risk because of excess amount of body fat (BMI greater than 30). |
| Definition (MSH) | A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the acceptable or desirable weight, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY). |
| Concepts | Disease or Syndrome (T047) |
| MSH | D009765 |
| ICD9 | 278.00 |
| ICD10 | E66 , E66.9 |
| SnomedCT | 5476005, 154776002, 190963004, 414916001, 414915002 |
| LNC | LA6301-1 |
| English | Obesity, Obesity, unspecified, OBESITY, obesity (diagnosis), obesity, Obesity NOS, Obesity [Disease/Finding], obese, adiposity, Obesity, NOS, Obesity [Ambiguous], Obese, Obese (finding), Obesity (disorder) |
| French | OBESITE, Obésité, non précisée, Obésité |
| Portuguese | OBESIDADE, Obesidade NE, Obesidade |
| Spanish | OBESIDAD, Obesidad no especificada, obesidad (trastorno), obesidad, obeso (hallazgo), obeso, Obesidad |
| Dutch | obesitas niet-gespecificeerd, Vetzucht, niet gespecificeerd, zwaarlijvigheid, Adipositas, Vetzucht |
| German | Fettleibigkeit, unspezifisch, ADIPOSITAS, Adipositas, nicht naeher bezeichnet, Adipositas, Fettsucht, Obesitas |
| Italian | Obesità, non specificata, Obesità |
| Japanese | 肥満, 肥満、詳細不明, ﾋﾏﾝ, ﾋﾏﾝｼｮｳｻｲﾌﾒｲ |
| Swedish | Fetma |
| Czech | obezita, Obezita, blíže neurčená, Obezita, otylost |
| Finnish | Lihavuus |
| Russian | OZHIRENIE, ОЖИРЕНИЕ |
| Korean | 상세불명의 비만, 비만 |
| Polish | Otyłość |
| Hungarian | Obesitas, nem meghatározott, Obesitas |
| Croatian | Gojaznost, Pretilost |
| Norwegian | Fedme |
Ontology: Overweight (C0497406)
| Definition (CHV) | BMI 25 |
| Definition (CHV) | BMI 25 |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | Being too heavy for one's height. Excess body weight can come from fat, muscle, bone, and/or water retention. Being overweight does not always mean being obese. |
| Definition (MSH) | A status with BODY WEIGHT that is above certain standard of acceptable or desirable weight. In the scale of BODY MASS INDEX, overweight is defined as having a BMI of 25.0-29.9 kg/m2. Overweight may or may not be due to increases in body fat (ADIPOSE TISSUE), hence overweight does not equal "over fat". |
| Concepts | Sign or Symptom (T184) |
| MSH | D050177 |
| ICD9 | 278.02 |
| ICD10 | E66.3 |
| SnomedCT | 238131007, 23495001 |
| English | OVERWEIGHT, overweight (diagnosis), overweight (physical finding), overweight, Overweight [Disease/Finding], clinical overweight, Patient overweight, Overweight (finding), Overweight, overweight (BMI<30), Overweight (BMI 25-30) |
| Japanese | 過体重, ｶﾀｲｼﾞｭｳ |
| Swedish | Övervikt |
| Czech | nadváha, Nadváha |
| Finnish | Ylipaino |
| French | Surplus de poids, Excédent de poids, Excès de poids, Surcharge pondérale, Surpoids |
| Russian | VES IZBYTOCHNYI, ВЕС ИЗБЫТОЧНЫЙ |
| Croatian | Not Translated[Overweight] |
| Polish | Nadwaga |
| Hungarian | Túlsúly |
| Norwegian | Overvekt |
| Spanish | paciente con peso alto, paciente con sobrepeso, sobrepeso (hallazgo), sobrepeso, Sobrepeso |
| Dutch | Overgewicht, overgewicht |
| Portuguese | Excesso de peso, Sobrepeso |
| German | Uebergewicht, Übergewicht |
| Italian | Sovrappeso |
