II. Defintions
- Nutritional Support Therapy
- Formulated enteral or Parenteral nutrients given to Restore nutritional status
-
Enteral Nutrition
- Gastrointestinal Tract delivery of Nutritional Support
-
Parenteral Nutrition
- Intravenous delivery of Nutritional Support
III. Indications
- No food intake secondary to underlying condition (adjusted for malnourishment at baseline)
- Adults: 5-7 days
- Children: 3-5 days
- Infants: 1-3 days
- Specific conditions
- See Nutrition in the Intensive Care Unit
- Impaired bowel function (e.g. short bowel syndrome)
- Severe prolonged hypercatabolic state
- Severe Protein-calorie Malnutrition (due to a treatable condition)
- Prolonged bowel rest (e.g. Inflammatory Bowel Disease exacerbation)
IV. Types
-
Enteral Nutrition
- Prefererred form of Nutritional Support
- Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition (PPN)
- Total Parenteral Nutrition (TPN)
V. Evaluation: General Evaluation
- See Subjective Global Assessment of Nutritional Status
- See Lab Markers of Malnutrition
- See Nutrition in the Intensive Care Unit
- Hospitalized Patient Nutrition Assessments
- Malnutrition Screening Tool
- Nutrition Risk Screening
- Short Nutritional Assessment Questionnaire
- Nutrition Care Process Framework (Registered Dietitian Nutritionist)
- Anthropometric measurement
- Biochemistry results and other test results
- Food and nutrition history
- Related Patient Medical history (including significant comorbidities)
- Nutrition focused physical exam
VI. Evaluation: Nutritional requirements
- Calories
- Child >5 years: 1500 kcal/day for weight of 20kg, then 25 kcal/day per each additional kg above 20 kg
- Adults: 25-35 kcal/kg/day
- Adults: Mifflin-St Jeor Equation (KCals/day or RMR)
- Males = 9.99 * wtKg + 6.25 * htCm - 4.92 * ageY + 5
- Females = 9.99 * wtKg + 6.25 * htCm - 4.92 * ageY -161
-
Protein
- Adults: 0.8 to 1.5 g/kg/day
- Higher Protein indications
- All Children and infants, as well as those adults in hypercatabolic or Protein losing states
- Bariatric Surgery (1 to 1.5 g/kg/day using Ideal Body Weight)
- Hemodialysis (1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day)
- Critical Illness (1.2 to 2.0 g/kg/day)
- Obesity (2 to 2.5 g/kg/day)
- Pressure Ulcer (1.2 to 1.5 g/kg/day)
- Respiratory Disease (1.2 to 1.6 g/kg/day to maintain; increase to 1.6 to 2.0 for repletion)
- Fluid
- Fluid 1 ml/kcal OR
- Fluid 1500 ml per BSA (m2) OR
- Age based
- Age 16 to 30 years old: 35 to 40 ml/kg
- Age 31 to 54 years old: 30 to 35 ml/kg
- Age 55 to 65 years: 30 ml/kg
- Age >65 years: 25 ml/kg
- Other nutrients
- Linoleic Acid
- Dose: 2-4% of total calories should be in this form to prevent Essential Fatty Acid deficiency
- Linoleic Acid
VII. Prcautions
-
Refeeding Syndrome risk
- Start refeeding at one third or less of nutritional needs and gradually increase every 5-7 days
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Nutritional support is therapy for people who cannot get enough nourishment by eating or drinking. You may need it if you
You receive nutritional support through a needle or catheter placed in your vein or with a feeding tube, which goes into your stomach. |
Definition (NCI) | Administration of essential nutrients to a patient utilizing methods other than oral feedings. |
Definition (MSH) | The administration of nutrients for assimilation and utilization by a patient by means other than normal eating. It does not include FLUID THERAPY which normalizes body fluids to restore WATER-ELECTROLYTE BALANCE. |
Definition (NIC) | Interventions to modify or maintain nutritional status |
Concepts | Therapeutic or Preventive Procedure (T061) |
MSH | D018529 |
SnomedCT | 278906000 |
English | Support, Nutritional, Nutrition Support, Nutritional Therapy, Nutritional Care, Nutrition Therapy, nutrition support, support nutritional, support nutrition, care nutritional, Artificial hydration and nutrition, Nutritional support, Nutritional support (regime/therapy), nutritional support, nutritional care, support, nutritional, Nutritional support (procedure), Nutritional Support |
Swedish | Näringstillskott |
Czech | nutriční podpora, Nutriční podpora |
Finnish | Ravintolisä |
Russian | PITATEL'NAIA PODDERZHKA, ПИТАТЕЛЬНАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА |
Japanese | 栄養補助, エイヨウホキュウ, 栄養補給 |
French | Soutien nutritionnel, Support nutritionnel, Traitement nutritionnel symptomatique |
Croatian | Not Translated[Nutritional Support] |
Polish | Odżywianie sztuczne |
Norwegian | Ernæringstilskudd, Næringstilskudd |
Dutch | nutritionele ondersteuning, Voeding, kunstmatige |
German | Nahrungsersatz, Nahrungszufuhr |
Hungarian | Táplálék támogatás |
Italian | Supporto nutrizionale, Sostentamento nutrizionale |
Portuguese | Suporte nutricional, Apoio Nutricional |
Spanish | Apoyo nutricional, apoyo nutricional (procedimiento), apoyo nutricional (régimen/tratamiento), apoyo nutricional, Apoyo Nutricional |