II. Epidemiology
- Common in children
- Mumps cases are in children under age 15 years in 85% of cases (typically unimmunized)
- Less common in adults
- Sialolithiasis, Bacterial Sialadenitis affect adults most commonly
III. Causes
- Mumps Parotitis
- Historically, the most common cause prior to Vaccination
- Incidence reduced by 99% following routine Vaccination
- Transmitted easily by airborne droplet spread
- Local pain and swelling of Parotid Glands (may start unilaterally, but is bilateral ultimately)
- Associated with Otalgia and Trismus
- Historically, the most common cause prior to Vaccination
- Human Herpesvirus 6 (Roseola or Exanthem Subitum)
- Epstein-Barr Virus Infection (Mononucleosis)
- Coxsackievirus Infection and other enteroviruses
- Parainfluenza Virus
- Influenza A
-
HIV Infection: Bilateral Benign Lymphoepithelial Cysts (Parotid Gland)
- Diffuse, bilateral cystic involvement of the major glands (esp. the Parotid Gland)
- Presents with gradual, non-tender enlargement
- Diagnosed by Ultrasound
IV. Symptoms and signs
- Swollen, tender Salivary Gland
V. Differential Diagnosis
VI. Labs
VII. Management
- Hydration
- NSAIDs for analgesia
VIII. Course
- Mumps Parotitis resolves within 2 weeks
IX. Complications
- See Mumps
X. Prevention
- MMR Vaccine is 88% effective in preventing Mumps
XI. References
- Fedok in Noble (2001) Primary Care Medicine, p. 1770-1
- Chow in Mandell (2000) Infectious Disease, p. 699-700
- Walner in Cummings (1998) Otolaryngology, p. 5-121
- Kim (2024) Am Fam Physician 109(6): 550-9 [PubMed]
- Wilson (2014) Am Fam Physician 89(11): 882-8 [PubMed]