Herpesviridae

Aka: Herpesviridae, Herpesviridae Infection, Herpes Family of Viruses, Herpesvirus, Human Herpes Virus, Alphaherpesvirus, Alphaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirinae, Betaherpesvirus, Gammaherpesvirinae

advertisement

II. Pathophysiology

  1. Charactistics
    1. Double-stranded DNA Virus
    2. Nucleocapsid: 100 nm
    3. Capsomers: 162
    4. Molecular Weight: 100 million daltons
  2. All herpes family viruses can lead to a latent infection
    1. Migrate proximally along nerves to sensory ganglia where they lie dormant after primary infection
    2. Reactivate during stress (e.g. fever, sunlight, Menses) or Immunocompromised states (e.g AIDS)
      1. With reactivation, virus migrates back distally along Peripheral Nerve
      2. Results in a rash that follows a nerve course (e.g. dermatomal rash of Shingles)
  3. Immune response
    1. Herpes viruses trigger a cell mediated immune response
    2. Compromised cell mediated Immunity is associated with more severe Herpesviridae Infections

III. Types: Alphaherpesvirinae

  1. Background characteristics
    1. Highly cytopathic infections compared with other herpes viruses
      1. Trigger cell destruction with epithelial separation, resulting in Blister formation
    2. Develops multinucleated giant synctytial cells
      1. Virus inserts Proteins in the host cell plasma membranes, triggering fusion between host cells
      2. Multinucleated cells contain intranuclear inclusion bodies (sites of viral replication)
  2. Simplexvirus (Herpes Simplex Virus)
    1. Human Herpes Virus 1: Oral Herpes
    2. Human Herpes Virus 2: Genital Herpes
  3. Human Herpes Virus 3: Zoster Virus (Varicellovirus)
    1. Initial: Varicella Zoster Virus (Chicken Pox)
    2. Reactivation: Herpes Zoster (Shingles)

IV. Types: Gammaherpesvirinae

  1. Human Herpes Virus 4: Epstein Barr Virus (Mononucleosis)
  2. Human Herpes Virus 8: Kaposi Sarcoma Associated Herpesvirus

V. Types: Betaherpesvirinae

  1. Human Herpes Virus 5: Cytomegalovirus (CMV)
  2. Human Herpes Virus 6: Roseola Infantum (Exanthem Subitum)
  3. Human Herpes Virus 7

VI. References

  1. Carneiro (2022) Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 117:e220200 +PMID: 36417627 [PubMed]

Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)

These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Herpesviridae." Click on the image (or right click) to open the source website in a new browser window. Search Bing for all related images

Related Topics in Viral Infection

advertisement