II. Indications

  1. HIV Infection (part of combination therapy)
    1. Treatment-experienced patients
    2. Limited use in clinical practice

III. Mechanism

  1. Fusion Inhibitors block HIV from binding Chemokine receptors (HIV envelope Protein) on CD4+ Cells, preventing its cell entry
  2. Enfuvirtide is the first of the Fusion Inhibitors

IV. Dosing: Enfuvirtide

  1. General
    1. Used in combination with other HIV Antiretrovirals
    2. Rotate injection sites in the upper arm, anterior thigh and Abdomen
    3. Avoid reinjecting sites of active cutaneous reaction
    4. Injection kits include all supplies (90 mg enfuviritide per vial, sterile water, syringes)
      1. Prepare injection by reconstituting powder in 1.1 ml sterile water diluent
      2. Let stand until dissolves, up to 45 minutes (do not shake)
  2. Adult
    1. Inject 90 mg SQ twice daily
  3. Child (age 6 to 16 years old)
    1. Inject 2 mg/kg (max 90 mg) SQ twice daily

V. Adverse Effects

  1. Injection site pain and reaction (common)
  2. Eosinophilic Hypersensitivity Reaction (<1%)
  3. Neutropenia
  4. Increased risk of Bacterial Pneumonia

VI. Safety

  1. Avoid in Lactation
  2. Unknown safety in pregnancy (pregnancy registry exists)

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Related Studies

Ontology: enfuvirtide (C0537439)

Definition (NCI) A short polypeptide with activity against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Enfuvirtide binds to the first heptad-repeat (HR1) in the gp41 viral envelope glycoprotein, thereby preventing conformational changes required for fusion of viral and cellular membranes and preventing the virus from entering a host cell.
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116) , Immunologic Factor (T129)
MSH C105196
SnomedCT 398902008, 409127007
LNC LP157324-7, MTHU045714
English enfuvirtide (medication), enfuvirtide [Chemical/Ingredient], Enfuvirtida, Enfuvirtide (product), Enfuvirtide, Enfuvirtide (substance), ENFUVIRTIDE, enfuvirtide, pentafuside
Spanish enfuvirtida (producto), enfuvirtida, enfuvirtide, enfuvirtida (sustancia)

Ontology: HIV Fusion Inhibitors (C0949573)

Definition (MSH) Inhibitors of the fusion of HIV to host cells, preventing viral entry. This includes compounds that block attachment of HIV ENVELOPE PROTEIN GP120 to CD4 RECEPTORS.
Concepts Pharmacologic Substance (T121)
MSH D023581
French Inhibiteurs de fusion du VIH
Swedish HIV-fusionshämmare
English HIV FUSION INHIB, HIV CELL FUSION INHIB, FUSION INHIB HIV, HIV fusion inhibitor, HIV fusion inhibitors, HIV Fusion Inhibitors, Fusion Inhibitors, HIV, HIV Cell Fusion Inhibitors, HIV Fusion Protein Inhibitors
Czech HIV - inhibitory fúze
Finnish HIV:n fuusioestäjät
Russian SLIIANIIA VICH INGIBITORY, VICH SLIIANIIA INGIBITORY, ВИЧ СЛИЯНИЯ ИНГИБИТОРЫ, СЛИЯНИЯ ВИЧ ИНГИБИТОРЫ
Japanese 融合阻害剤-HIV, 融合阻害物質-HIV, HIV融合阻害剤, HIV融合阻害物質
Italian Inibitori di fusione cellulare HIV, Inibitori di fusione HIV
Polish Inhibitory fuzji HIV
German Fusionsinhibitoren, HIV-, HIV-Fusionsinhibitoren, HIV-Zellfusionsinhibitoren
Portuguese Inibidores da Fusão de HIV
Spanish Inhibidores de Fusión de VIH