II. Indications
III. Precautions
- Risk of severe HBV exacerbation on discontinuation (in up to 25% of patients)
- Higher risk of induced HBV resistance
- Occurs in 8% of patients after 3 years, and 20% after 5 years
- Risk of induced HIV resistance in undiagnosed HIV coinfection
- HIV Test before use
- Do NOT use in monotherapy in HBV/HIV infected patients
IV. Mechanism
- Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor
- Adenosine 5-Monophosphate Nucleotide analog
V. Efficacy
- Lower efficacy than other nRTI agents (typically combined with other Antivirals, e.g. Lamivudine)
VI. Dosing: Hepatitis B (Adults and Children age >12 years)
- Adefovir 10 mg orally daily
- Reduce dose in eGFR <50 ml/min
- Original regimens recommended taking with L-carnitine 500 mg supplement
VII. Adverse Effects
- Nephrotoxicity
- Incidence in up to 30% of cases with high dose regimens (>30 to 60 mg) as was originally used for HIV
- Fanconi Syndrome like condition
- Nausea
- Diarrhea
- Abdominal Pain
- Asthenia
- Headache
- Liver Function Test abnormalities (hepatic Steatosis)
- Lactic Acidosis
VIII. Safety
- Preganancy Category C
- Avoid in Lactation
IX. Resources
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
Definition (NCI) | A nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor analog of adenosine with activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV), herpes virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). |
Definition (CSP) | an adenine analog, antiviral agent; used for treating hepatitis, HIV and African swine fever virus infections. |
Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Nucleic Acid, Nucleoside, or Nucleotide (T114) |
MSH | C053001 |
SnomedCT | 412073001, 412072006 |
LNC | LP28549-1, MTHU013860 |
English | 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine, 9-PMEA, 9-(2-phosphonomethoxyethyl)adenine, PMEA, Phosphonylmethoxyethyl-a, adefovir, adefovir [Chemical/Ingredient], 9-(2-phophonylmethoxyethyl)adenine, ADEFOVIR, 9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine, Adefovir (product), Adefovir (substance), Adefovir |
Spanish | adefovir (producto), adefovir (sustancia), adefovir |
Ontology: adefovir dipivoxil (C0540694)
Definition (NCI) | A dipivoxil formulation of adefovir, a nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor analog of adenosine with activity against hepatitis B virus (HBV), herpes virus, and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). |
Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | C106812 |
SnomedCT | 398898002, 409114008 |
English | 9-(2-((-bis((pivaloyloxy)methoxy)phosphinyl)methoxy)ethyl)adenine, adefovir depivoxil, adefovir dipivoxil, Adefovir Dipivoxil, adefovir dipivoxil (medication), adefovir dipivoxil [Chemical/Ingredient], ADEFOVIR DIPIVOXIL, Adefovir dipivoxil (product), Adefovir dipivoxil, Adefovir dipivoxil (substance) |
Spanish | adefovir dipivoxil (producto), adefovir dipivoxil, adefovir dipivoxil (sustancia) |
Ontology: Preveon (C0754613)
Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | C106812 |
English | Preveon |