II. Risk Factors: Progression from active to latent disease (indications for Latent Tuberculosis Treatment)
- Age under 5 years old
- Medically underserved or low income groups (especially if homeless)
-
Substance Abuse
- Alcoholism
- Intravenous Drug Abuse (or other Illicit Drug abuse)
- Recent contact of a person known to have Active Tuberculosis
- Recent latent infection with Tuberculosis (with PPD conversion within last 2 years)
- History of untreated or inadequately treated Active Tuberculosis
- Chest XRay with healed Tb-related fibrotic changes (especially apical fibronodular scarring)
- Other findings suggestive of previous Tuberculosis
- Immunosuppressive Disease (or other predisposing condition)
- Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) or AIDS (100 fold increased risk)
- Diabetes Mellitus (30% lifetime risk of progression)
- End Stage Renal Disease (requiring Dialysis)
- Leukemia
- Lymphoma
- Head and neck cancer
- Lung Cancer
- Low body weight (10% or more below Ideal Weight)
- Intestinal bypass or gastrectomy (Bariatric Surgery)
- Chronic lung disease
- Lung parenchyma abnormalities in smokers
- Silicosis
- Immunosuppressive Therapy
- Tumor Necrosis Factor agents
- Prolonged Corticosteroids (Prednisone 15 mg daily or equivalent)
- Immunosuppression following organ transplant (especially heart or Kidney)