II. Causes: Exogenous Causes
- See medications and toxins below
- Limb ischemia
-
Trauma or Poisoning
- Lightning Injury, Electrocution or third-degree burns
- Compartment Syndrome
- Crush injury
- Snake Bite
- Africanized honey bee bites
- Carbon Monoxide Poisoning
- Prolonged immobility (patient found down)
- Heat Injury
- Physical exertion
- Marathon Running
- Overexertion
- Deconditioned athletes
- Sickle Cell Anemia
- Exercising with impaired heat dissipation
- Heavy or occlusive sports equipment
- Humid, warm environment
III. Causes: Endogenous Causes
- Hypoxia
- Polymyositis or Dermatomyositis
- Viral Infections
- Bacterial Infections
- Endocrine causes
- Thyroid disease
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis
-
Electrolytes
- Hypophosphatemia
- Hypokalemia (Vasoconstriction occurs when Potassium is deficient)
IV. Causes: Medications
-
HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
- See Statin-Induced Myopathy
- Especially when used with Fibrates (e.g. Gemfibrozil)
- Cyclosporine
- Itraconazole
- Erythromycin
- Colchicine
- Zidovudine
- Corticosteroids
- Antipyschotics
V. Causes: Alcohol or Drug Use
- Alcohol
- Cocaine
- Methamphetamine
- Ecstasy
- LSD
- Phencyclidine (PCP)
VI. References
- Marx in Rosen (2002) Emergency Medicine 1762-70
- Rendon and Opfer (2019) Crit Dec Emerg Med 33(10): 3-8
- Sauret (2002) Am Fam Physician 65(5):907-12 [PubMed]
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Related Studies
Definition (CHV) | a potentially fatal disease that destroys skeletal muscle |
Definition (MSH) | Necrosis or disintegration of skeletal muscle often followed by myoglobinuria. |
Concepts | Pathologic Function (T046) |
MSH | D012206 |
ICD9 | 728.88 |
ICD10 | M62.82 |
SnomedCT | 268106003, 156729009, 311511000009102, 240131006, 89010004 |
English | Rhabdomyolyses, Rhabdomyolysis, RHABDOMYOLYSIS, rhabdomyolysis, rhabdomyolysis (diagnosis), Rhabdomyolysis [Disease/Finding], Necrosis of skeletal muscle, Skeletal muscle necrosis, Necrosis of skeletal muscle (finding), Rhabdomyolysis (disorder), Rhabdomyolysis (morphologic abnormality) |
French | RHABDOMYOLYSE, Rhabdomyolyse |
Portuguese | RABDOMIOLISE, Rabdomiólise |
Spanish | RABDOMIOLISIS, rabdomiólisis (anomalía morfológica), rabdomiólisis, Rabdomiolisis, rabdomiólisis (trastorno), Rabdomiólisis |
German | RHABDOMYOLYSE, Rhabdomyolyse |
Swedish | Rabdomyolys |
Czech | rabdomyolýza, rhabdomyolýza, Rabdomyolýza |
Finnish | Rabdomyolyysi |
Russian | RABDOMIOLIZ, РАБДОМИОЛИЗ |
Croatian | Not Translated[Rhabdomyolysis] |
Polish | Liza mięśni prążkowanych, Rabdomioliza |
Japanese | 横紋筋融解症, オウモンキンユウカイショウ |
Hungarian | Rhabdomyolysis |
Norwegian | Rabdomyolyse |
Dutch | rabdomyolyse, Myolyse, rabdo-, Rabdomyolyse |
Italian | Rabdomiolisi |