Clotting Pathway

Aka: Clotting Pathway, Clotting Cascade, Coagulation Pathway, Clotting Factor, Coagulation Factor

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II. Images

  1. Overview
    1. pathClottingCascade.png

III. Physiology: Pathways

  1. Initiators of the Clotting Cascade
    1. Intrinsic Clotting Pathway
      1. Initiated by Negatively charged surface
    2. Extrinsic Clotting Pathway
      1. Initiated by disrupted cell membranes
  2. Common Clotting Pathway follows above initiators
    1. Antagonized by Clotting Pathway Inhibition
  3. Factors
    1. Activation
      1. All of these Clotting Factors (both pro-coagulant and Anticoagulant) are Vitamin K Dependent
      2. Vitamin K is required for carboxylation of terminal ends of coagulation proteins
      3. Without carboxylation, Clotting Factors/proteins are not activated and Clotting Cascade does not occur
      4. Warfarin inhibits the cyclic interconversion of Vitamin K to a reduced form, thereby keeping it and dependent factors inactive
    2. Procoagulant Factors (Mnemonic: 1972)
      1. Factor 10 (half life 36 hours)
      2. Factor 9 (half life 24 hours)
      3. Factor 7 (half life 7 hours)
      4. Factor 2 (half life 50 hours)
    3. Anticoagulant Factors
      1. Protein C (half life 8 hours)
      2. Protein S (half life 30 hours)

IV. Labs

  1. Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT)
    1. Measures intrinsic pathway
    2. Prolonged by
      1. Factor VIII Deficiency (Hemophilia A)
      2. Factor IX Deficiency (Hemophilia B)
  2. Prothrombin Time (PT)
    1. Measures extrinsic pathway
  3. Affecting both ProTime and Partial Thromboplastin Time
    1. Factor X
    2. Factor V
    3. Prothrombin
    4. Fibrinogen
  4. Thrombin Time
    1. Measures only common pathway

V. Causes: Coagulation disorder etiologies

  1. Hypercoagulable State
    1. Protein C Deficiency
    2. Protein S Deficiency
    3. Antithrombin III deficiency
  2. Bleeding Diathesis
    1. Factor VIII Deficiency (Hemophilia A)
    2. Factor IX Deficiency (Hemophilia B)
    3. Von Willebrand's Disease
  3. Medication Induced
    1. Warfarin (Coumadin)
    2. Heparin

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Ontology: Blood Coagulation Factor (C0005789)

Definition (NCI) Factors in the blood that are essential for blood coagulation. The absence or mutation of these factors can lead to hemophilia and blood clotting disorders.
Definition (MSH) Endogenous substances, usually proteins, that are involved in the blood coagulation process.
Definition (CSP) class of endogenous substances, usually proteins, that are involved in the blood coagulation process.
Concepts Biologically Active Substance (T123) , Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Amino Acid, Peptide, or Protein (T116)
MSH D001779
SnomedCT 32877006, 350475008
LNC LP31623-9, LP32810-1
English Blood Coagulation Factor, Blood Coagulation Factors, Coagulation Factor, Blood, Coagulation Factors, Coagulation Factors, Blood, Factor, Blood Coagulation, Factor, Coagulation, Factors, Blood Coagulation, Factors, Coagulation, Coagulation Factor, Blood coagulation factor, COAG FACTORS, BLOOD COAG FACTOR, COAG FACTOR, COAG FACTORS BLOOD, BLOOD COAG FACTORS, FACTORS COAG, FACTOR COAG, COAG FACTOR BLOOD, Blood Coagulation Factors [Chemical/Ingredient], Clotting factors, factors coagulation, blood clotting factors, clotting factor, blood clot factor, blood clots factors, blood coagulation factors, clot factors, blood clotting factor, clot factor, coagulation factor, blood coagulation factor, clotting factors, coagulation factors, Blood coagulation factors, Coagulation factor, Coagulation factor (substance), Blood clotting factor, Blood clotting factor (product), Coagulation factor, NOS, Blood clotting factor (substance), Clotting Factor
French Facteurs de la coagulation sanguine, Facteurs de la coagulation, Facteurs de la coagulation du sang, Facteurs de coagulation
Swedish Blodkoagulationsfaktorer
Czech faktory krevní koagulace
Finnish Hyytymistekijät
Russian SVERTYVANIIA KROVI FAKTORY, FAKTORY SVERTYVANIIA KROVI, СВЕРТЫВАНИЯ КРОВИ ФАКТОРЫ, ФАКТОРЫ СВЕРТЫВАНИЯ КРОВИ
Italian Fattore di coagulazione del sangue, Fattore di coagulazione, Fattori di coagulazione, Fattori di coagulazione del sangue
Croatian KRV, KOAGULACIJSKI FAKTORI
Polish Czynniki krzepnięcia krwi
Japanese 凝固因子, 血液凝固因子
Norwegian Not Translated[Blood Coagulation Factors]
Spanish factor de la coagulación de la sangre (sustancia), factor de coagulación, factor de la coagulación de la sangre, factor de la coagulación sanguínea (producto), factor de la coagulación sanguínea, Factores de Coagulación Sanguínea, Factores de Coagulación
German Blutgerinnungsfaktoren, Gerinnungsfaktoren
Portuguese Fatores de Coagulação, Fatores de Coagulação Sanguínea
Derived from the NIH UMLS (Unified Medical Language System)

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