Speech Exam

Aka: Speech Exam, Dysarthria, Dysphonia

advertisement

II. Definition

  1. Dysphonia
    1. Disturbance of voice quality, pitch or intensity
  2. Dysarthria
    1. Muscle control disturbance results in speech disorder
    2. Muscle control areas potentially causing Dysarthria
      1. Respiration
      2. Articulation
      3. Phonation
      4. Resonance
      5. Prosody
  3. Alogia
    1. Poverty of speech

III. Pathophysiology

  1. Deficit requires bilateral neurologic lesion
  2. Multiple possible lesion sites
    1. Upper Motor Neuron Lesion (UMNL)
    2. Lower Motor Neuron Lesion (UMNL)
    3. Peripheral Nerve Lesion
    4. Cortical Lesion

IV. Exam: Characteristics

  1. Quality: Coherent or incoherent
  2. Quantity: Talkative, expansive, paucity of speech
  3. Rate: Fast, pressured, slow, normal
  4. Volume and Tone: Loud, soft, monotone, weak, strong, mumbled
  5. Fluency and rhythm: Slurred, hesitant, aphasic or clear

V. Interpretation

  1. Psychotic: Rambling, bizarre speech (distinguish from Aphasia)
  2. Manic: Loud and rapid speech
  3. Depressed: Slow and soft speech

VI. Exam: Innervation

  1. Cranial Nerve XII
    1. Say "la-la-la"
    2. Say "newly laid linoleum"
    3. Say "Lolita's lost her lettuce"
  2. Cranial Nerve VII
    1. Labial Dysarthria
    2. Say "paper bag"
    3. Say "PresbyEpiscopal"
  3. Bulbar Paralysis (nuclei) Lower Motor Neuron Lesion
    1. Atrophy and Fasciculation of Tongue
    2. Decreased Gag Reflex
    3. Not labile
    4. No Babinski
  4. Pseudobulbar/Suprabulbar: (bilateral cortical)
    1. Babinski abnormal
    2. Hyperactive Gag Reflex
    3. Lability (emotional Incontinence)
    4. Irregular cadence
  5. Upper Motor Neuron Lesion (UMNL) - spastic Dysarthria
    1. Distinct explosive speech
    2. Hot potato voice
  6. Cerebellar
    1. Scanning speech with dysprosody
  7. Extrapyramidal
    1. Sloppy indistinct quiet slower speech
  8. Tongue (Upper or Lower Motor Neuron Lesion)
    1. Say "G, J, T, N, D"
  9. Lips (Upper or Lower Motor Neuron Lesion)
    1. Say "P, B, F"

Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)

These images are a random sampling from a Bing search on the term "Speech Exam." Click on the image (or right click) to open the source website in a new browser window. Search Bing for all related images

Related Studies

Related Topics in Examination

advertisement