II. Anatomy

III. Exam: Vision

IV. Exam: Pupil

  1. See Pupil
  2. See Pupil Constriction (Includes Neuroanatomy)
  3. See Swinging Flashlight Test
  4. Direct and consensual response to light
    1. Brainstem Reflex between afferent (CN2) and efferent (CN3)
  5. Size and Shape
    1. Anisocoria
    2. Mydriasis
    3. Miosis

V. Exam: Retina

VI. Exam: Extraocular Movements

  1. See Extraocular Movement
  2. See Eye Deviation
  3. See Oculocephalic Reflex
  4. See Nystagmus
  5. See Internuclear Ophthalmoplegia
  6. See Conjugate Gaze
  7. Conjugate Extraocular Movements requires an intact Medial Longitudinal Fasciculus (MLF)
  8. Intact Brainstem
    1. Most comatose patients show roving eye movements
    2. Both eyes cross the midline
  9. Other findings
    1. Oculocephalic Reflex
    2. Nystagmus
    3. Eye Deviation

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