II. Indications
-
Seizure Disorder (Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome)
- Adjunctive anticonvulsant
III. Mechanism
- Benzodiazepine and partial Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid (GABA) receptor Agonist
- Anticonvulsant, Sedative and Anxiolytic properties
- Binds CNS at the Benzodiazepine-GABA-A-chloride ionophore receptor complex
- GABA affinity becomes increased at receptor site resulting in increased Neuron chloride channel opening
- Hyperpolarizes the Neuron, inhibiting the Action Potential and a decreasing Neuron excitability
IV. Precautions
- Exercise caution in elderly
- Avoid in combination with Opioids and other Sedatives (e.g. other Benzodiazepines)
- May result in respiratory depression or coma
V. Dosing: Seizure Disorder (Lennox-Gastaut Syndrome)
- Available as tablets, oral suspension (2.5 mg/ml) and oral films (Sympazan)
- Film (Sympazan) should be applied to Tongue and allowed to dissolve (do not take with liquids)
- Weight >30 kg (and age >=2 years)
- Start 5 mg orally twice daily
- Increase to 10 mg orally twice daily after 1 week
- Increase to 20 mg orally twice daily after 2 weeks
- Weight <30 kg (and age >=2 years)
- Start 5 mg orally daily
- Increase to 5 mg orally twice daily after 1 week
- Increase to 10 mg orally twice daily after 2 weeks
VII. Safety
- Avoid in Pregnancy
- Use in second and third trimester associated with fetal adverse effects
- Effects include decreased fetal movement, Floppy Infant syndrome and medication dependence and withdrawal
- Unknown Safety in Lactation
VIII. Resources
IX. References
- (2022) Presc Lett, Resource #361206, Antiseizure Medications
- Olson (2020) Clinical Pharmacology, Medmaster Miami, p. 56-7
- Hamilton (2020) Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia
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Related Studies
clobazam (on 12/21/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
CLOBAZAM 10 MG TABLET | Generic | $0.37 each |
CLOBAZAM 2.5 MG/ML SUSPENSION | Generic | $0.32 per ml |
CLOBAZAM 20 MG TABLET | Generic | $0.49 each |
onfi (on 1/2/2023 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
ONFI 10 MG TABLET | Generic | $0.37 each |
ONFI 2.5 MG/ML SUSPENSION | Generic | $0.32 per ml |
ONFI 20 MG TABLET | Generic | $0.49 each |
Ontology: clobazam (C0055891)
Definition (NCI) | A 1,5-benzodiazepine and partial gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor agonist, with anxiolytic, sedative, and anticonvulsant activities. Clobazam binds to a specific site, distinct from the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA binding site, on the benzodiazepine-GABA-A-chloride ionophore receptor complex located in the central nervous system (CNS). This binding causes an allosteric modification of the receptor and enhances the affinity of GABA to the receptor leading to an increase in the opening of chloride-channels. This leads to an increase in chloride ion conductance, neuronal hyperpolarization, inhibition of the action potential and a decrease in neuronal excitability. |
Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | C012255 |
SnomedCT | 322974006, 387572002, 96236000 |
LNC | LP16080-1, MTHU003360 |
English | 1-phenyl-5-methyl-8-chloro-1,2,4,5- tetrahydro-2,4-diketo-3H-1,5-benzodiazepine, clobazam, Clobazam [epilepsy only], clobazam (medication), clobazam [Chemical/Ingredient], CLOBAZAM, Clobazam [epilepsy only] (product), Clobazam, Clobazam (product), Clobazam (substance), Clobazam [epilepsy only] (substance) |
Spanish | clobazam [antiepiléptico solamente] (producto), clobazam [antiepiléptico solamente], clobazam (producto), clobazam (sustancia), clobazam |