II. Mechanism
- Anabolic Steroids are Testosterone derivatives
- Performance enhancing drugs that that increase muscle Protein synthesis
- Short term effects: Increased strength and increased Lean Body Mass
III. Epidemiology
- Banned by most athletic organizations (NCAA, IOC)
- DEA Controlled Substance (Schedule III)
- Black market sales: $2 Million per year in U.S.
-
Prevalence of Anabolic Steroid use
- Buckley (1988) 6.6% High School (38% before age 15)
- Tennant (1986): 75% of NFL lineman
- Rumor (1996) 95% of NFL Lineman
IV. Indications: Medical
- Anemia
- Burn victims
- Growth Hormone Replacement
V. Efficacy
- Athletes dose 10 to 40 times higher than medical dose
- Effective in strength gain (short-term)
- Rapid strength and anaerobic power gain
- Rapid gain in lean Muscle mass and weight
- Maintenance of competitive edge
- Benefit only with Resistance Training program
VI. Adverse Effects: General
- Associated with premature death (esp. from Suicide, Myocardial Infarction)
- Tendon ruptures from dysplastic Collagen changes
- Adolescents
- Early closing of bone Growth Plates
- Decreased adult height
- Cardiovascular changes
- Hypertension
- Acute Cardiovascular events (Platelet aggregation)
- Stroke
- Myocardial Infarction
- Hypercholesterolemia with marked HDL drop (<10)
-
Liver disease
- Increased liver Aminotransferases
- Hepatic failure
- Peliosis (rare hemorrhagic Liver Cysts)
- Hepatocellular Carcinoma
- Hepatic Adenoma
- Hepatic cholangiocarcinoma
- Psychiatric: Steroid Psychosis ('Steroid Rage')
VII. Adverse Effects: Sexual Effects
- Libido changes
- Severe Cystic Acne
- Specific changes in men (may be irreversible)
- Decreased sperm production
- Testicular atrophy
- Scrotal Pain
- Gynecomastia (potentially irreversible)
- Prostate Cancer increased risk
- Specific changes in women
- Voice deepening (irreversible)
- Hirsutism (potentially irreversible)
- Acne Vulgaris
- Clitoral hypertrophy (potentially irreversible)
- Amenorrhea
- Male-pattern baldness
- Coarsening of skin (potentially irreversible)
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Related Studies
| Definition (CHV) | a natural or synthetic steroid that promotes bone and muscle growth |
| Definition (CHV) | a natural or synthetic steroid that promotes bone and muscle growth |
| Definition (CHV) | a natural or synthetic steroid that promotes bone and muscle growth |
| Definition (CHV) | a natural or synthetic steroid that promotes bone and muscle growth |
| Definition (MEDLINEPLUS) |
Anabolic steroids are man-made substances related to male sex hormones. Doctors use anabolic steroids to treat some hormone problems in men, delayed puberty, and muscle loss from some diseases. Bodybuilders and athletes often use anabolic steroids to build muscles and improve athletic performance. Using them this way is not legal or safe. Abuse of anabolic steroids has been linked with many health problems. They include
NIH: National Institute on Drug Abuse |
| Definition (NCI) | Synthetic derivatives of the male hormone, androgen, that promote tissue growth by increasing the metabolic processes involved with protein synthesis and are used to promote weight gain in wasting diseases. They are used by bodybuilders and athletes to increase muscle mass, strength, and stamina. |
| Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) | A type of steroid that is used in medicine to repair body tissues and to increase appetite and the growth of muscles. Anabolic steroids are made in the laboratory from testosterone (a male hormone). |
| Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Steroid (T110) |
| SnomedCT | 111151007, 126175007 |
| LNC | LP17877-9, LP31464-8, MTHU019429 |
| English | anabolics, anabolics (medication), Anabolic - androgenic steroids, anabolic steroids, anabolic, anabolics steroids, anabolic steroid drug, Anabolic Steroids, Anabolic-androgenic steroids, Steroids, Anabolic, ANABOLIC STEROIDS, anabolic steroid, Anabolic steroid (substance), Anabolic steroid preparation (product), Anabolic steroid preparation, Anabolic steroid, Anabolic steroid, NOS, Anabolic steroid preparation (substance), Anabolic steroids, Anabolic Steroid, Anabolic-Androgenic Steroids |
| Spanish | preparado con esteroide anabólico (producto), esteroide anabólico, esteroide anabólico (producto), preparado con esteroide anabólico, esteroide anaboliznte (sustancia), esteroide anabólico (sustancia), andrógeno anabolizante, esteroide anaboliznte, anabolizante hormonal, preparado de esteroide anabolizante, preparado de esteroide anabólico (producto), preparado de esteroide anabólico (sustancia), preparado de esteroide anabólico |
