II. Causes: Gross Hematuria
- Gross Hematuria confirmed with Urine Red Blood Cells on urine microscopy
- Urinary tract source
- Urethra or Bladder
- Urinary Tract Infection (cystitis)
- Urethritis (e.g. Sexually Transmitted Infection)
- Bladder Cancer
- Bladder stones
- Instrumentation
- Radiation cystitis
- Interstitial Cystitis
- Pelvic Fracture
- Urethral Stricture
- Prostate
- Ureter or Kidney
- Urolithiasis (Ureterolithiasis, Nephrolithiasis)
- Pyelonephritis
- Malignancy (e.g. Renal Cell Carcinoma)
- Urinary obstruction or strictures
- Kidney Trauma
- Urethra or Bladder
- Non-Urinary tract source
III. Causes: Asymptomatic Gross Hematuria by Incidence
- Acute Cystitis (23%)
- Bladder Cancer (17%)
- Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (12%)
- Nephrolithiasis (10%)
- Benign essential Hematuria (10%)
- Prostatitis (9%)
- Renal Cancer (6%)
- Pyelonephritis (4%)
- Prostate Cancer (3%)
- Urethral Stricture (2%)
IV. Causes: Pseudohematuria (non-Hematuria related Red Urine)
- Myoglobinuria
- Hemoglobinuria
- Porphyria
- Bilirubinuria
- Red diaper syndrome
- Foods (Beets, Blackberries, Rhubarb)
- Medications
- PhenolphthaleinLaxatives
- Phenothiazines
- Rifampin
- Pyridium
- Phenytoin
- Pyridium
- Senna
V. References
- Dial (2003) AAFP Board Review, Seattle
- Ingelfinger (2021) N Engl J Med 385(2):153-63 +PMID: 34233098 [PubMed]
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
Concepts | Finding (T033) |
ICD9 | 599.71 |
ICD10 | R31.0 |
SnomedCT | 393592006, 197941005 |
Dutch | uitgesproken hematurie, macroscopische hematurie |
French | Hématurie macroscopique, Hématurie franche |
German | makroskopische Haematurie, mit blossem Auge erkennbare Haematurie |
Italian | Ematuria franca, Ematuria, franca, Ematuria macroscopica |
Portuguese | Hematúria franca, Hematúria macroscópica |
Spanish | Hematuria macroscópica, Hematuria franca, hematuria franca, hematuria macroscópica (trastorno), hematuria macroscópica, macrohematuria |
Japanese | 肉眼的血尿, ニクガンテキケツニョウ |
Czech | Makroskopická hematurie, Frankova hematurie |
English | gross hematuria (diagnosis), gross hematuria, Gross hematuria, frank haematuria, frank hematuria, macroscopic hematuria, macroscopic haematuria, Frank haematuria (disorder), Frank haematuria, Frank hematuria, Macroscopic haematuria, Macroscopic hematuria, Frank hematuria (disorder) |
Hungarian | Macroscopikus haematuria, Kifejezett haematuria |
Ontology: Red urine (C0858862)
Concepts | Finding (T033) |
Dutch | rode urine |
French | Urine rouge |
German | roter Urin |
Italian | Urine rosse |
Portuguese | Urina vermelha |
Spanish | Orina roja |
Japanese | 赤色尿, セキショクニョウ |
Czech | Červená moč |
English | Red urine, red urine, urine red |
Hungarian | Vörös vizelet |