II. Epidemiology
- Nephropathy occurs in 20% of SCA and is the most common complication of Sickle Cell Anemia
- Hematuria presents typically at age 20 to 30 years old
- Painless Gross Hematuria may also occur with Sickle Cell Trait
III. Pathophysiology
IV. Findings
- Gross, Painless Hematuria
- Renal Colic pain and Costovertebral Angle Tenderness may occur
- Fever may occur
V. Diagnosis
- Rule out other causes of Gross Hematuria
VI. Management
- Hematuria does not require hospitalization
- Aminocaproic Acid (EACA)
VII. Course
VIII. Complications
-
End Stage Renal Disease
- May progress from extensive and repeated vaso-Occlusion
-
Urinary Tract Infection
- Higher risk for Cystitis or Pyelonephritis
IX. References
- Dwyer, Kleinmann, Goswami and Lopez (2025) Crit Dec Emerg Med 39(1): 26-35
