II. Causes: Animal Toxins
- See Also Marine Envenomation
- Snake Venom
- Scorpion Sting
- Tick Paralysis
- Black Widow Spider
- Scombroid Fish Poisoning
- Ciguatera Toxin (Ciguatoxin)
- Tetrodotoxin (pufferfish, porcupinefish, ocean sunfish, or triggerfish)
- Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (Saxitoxin) in Clams and Mussels
- Amnestic Shellfish Poisoning (Domoic Acid)
III. Causes: Plant Toxins
- Mushrooms
- See Mushroom Poisoning
- Amanita muscaria and pantherina (Anticholinergic)
- Inocybe and Clitocybe species (parasympathetic)
- Coprinus atramentarius (Antabuse-like Alcohol effect)
- Psilcybe (Hallucinogen)
- Gyromitra esculenta or false morel: severe Neurotoxin
- Amanita phalloides (severe hepatotoxicity)
- Jamaican Vomiting Sickness
- Related to unripe ackee fruit ingestion
- Results in Reye's Syndrome type condition
- Chickpea (Lathyrism)
- Condition seen in Europe and India
- Khat
- Shrub in east africa and Yemen
- Leaves chewed for Amphetamine-like affect
- Central stimulant and Sympathomimetic effects
- Spanish Rapeseed oil (contains oleyl anilide)
- Plants with Depressants
- Toxins: Andromedotoxin, Veratrine, Solanine, Taxine
- Death Cama
- Lambkill
- Sheep laurel and mountain laurel
- Calico bush
- Plants with Convulsants
- Cicuta species (include North American Water Hemlock)
- Chinaberry
- Moonseed
- Pinkroot
- Carolina allspice