II. Definitions

  1. Myoclonus (Myoclonic Jerk)
    1. Brief, sudden onset, non-rhythmic, involuntary, shock-like mucle jerking

III. Causes

  1. Myoclonic Epilepsy
  2. Physical Encephalopathy (e.g. Heat Stroke, Electrical Injury)
  3. Viral Encephalopathy (e.g. HSV Encephalitis)
  4. Focal CNS Injury (e.g. Trauma, tumor)
  5. Biological Neurotoxin Exposure
  6. Anoxia
  7. Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome (Periodic Limb Movement)
  8. Metabolic causes
    1. Hyponatremia
    2. Hypoglycemia
    3. Hepatic Failure
    4. Renal Failure
    5. Hashimoto's Thyroiditis (Hashimoto's Encephalopathy)
  9. Toxic Causes
    1. Heavy Metal Toxicity
    2. Levodopa
  10. Inborn Errors of Metabolism
    1. Glycogen Storage Disease
    2. Carboxylase Deficiency
  11. Degenerative Disorders
    1. Creutzfeldt-Jacob Disease
    2. Huntington Chorea
    3. Parkinson's Disease
    4. Alzheimer's Disease

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Ontology: Myoclonus (C0027066)

Definition (NCI) A sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle or group of muscles; these movements may develop as a symptom of a number of neurological diseases including epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, or Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease.
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A sudden, brief, strong contraction of a muscle or group of muscles that cannot be controlled.
Definition (CSP) shock-like contraction of a portion of a muscle, an entire muscle, or a group of muscles; may be part of a disease process or a normal physiological response.
Definition (MSH) Involuntary shock-like contractions, irregular in rhythm and amplitude, followed by relaxation, of a muscle or a group of muscles. This condition may be a feature of some CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DISEASES; (e.g., EPILEPSY, MYOCLONIC). Nocturnal myoclonus is the principal feature of the NOCTURNAL MYOCLONUS SYNDROME. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp102-3).
Concepts Sign or Symptom (T184)
MSH D009207
ICD9 333.2
ICD10 G25.3
SnomedCT 192843002, 267583001, 267690000, 155009007, 192847001, 17450006, 127324008, 36649002
English Jerking, Myoclonic, Myoclonic Jerking, Myoclonus, MYOCLONUS, Myoclonus NOS, MYOCLONIC JERKS, myoclonus (physical finding), myoclonus, myoclonus was seen, Myoclonic jerks, Jerk, Myoclonic, Jerks, Myoclonic, Myoclonic Jerk, Myoclonic Jerks, Myoclonus [Disease/Finding], myoclonic disorder, myoclonic jerking, involuntary muscle jerking, myoclonic jerks, Myoclonus disorder &/or observation (disorder), Jerks - myoclonic, Myoclonus NOS (disorder), Myoclonus disorder &/or observation, myoclonic jerk, Myoclonus disorder, Disorder characterised by myoclonus, Disorder characterized by myoclonus, Myoclonic disorder (disorder), Myoclonic disorder, Myoclonus (finding), jerks; myoclonic, jerks; myoclonus, myoclonus; jerks, Myclonic jerks
French MYOCLONIE, Réflexes mycloniques, Contractions myocloniques, CONTRACTION MYOCLONIQUE, Myoclonie
Portuguese MIOCLONIA, CONTRACOES MIOCLONICAS, Movimentos mioclónicos, Contracções mioclónicas, Mioclonia
Spanish MIOCLONIA, Contracciones mioclónicas, Sacudidas mioclónicas, Mioclonía, MIOCLONIA RITMICA, mioclono, SAI (trastorno), mioclono, SAI, mioclonía, SAI (trastorno), mioclonía, SAI, mioclono (hallazgo), mioclono, trastorno caracterizado por mioclonos, trastorno mioclónico (trastorno), trastorno mioclónico, Mioclono
Dutch myoclonische trekking, myoclonische trekkingen, myoclonus; zenuwtrekking, zenuwtrekking; myoclonisch, zenuwtrekking; myoclonus, myoclonus, Myoclonus
German myklonische Zuckungen, myoklonische Zuckungen, MYOKLONIE, MYOKLONISCHE ZUCKUNGEN, Myoklonus
Italian Spasmi di miocloni, Spasmi mioclonici, Scatto mioclonico, Spasmo mioclonico, Mioclono
Swedish Myoklonus
Japanese ミオクローヌス, 間代性筋痙攣, 間代性筋けいれん-多発性, 筋間代, 多発性間代性筋痙攣, 多発性間代性筋けいれん, ミオクロヌス, 筋クローヌス, 多発性パラミオクローヌス, 間代性筋痙攣-多発性, 間代性筋けいれん, ミオクローヌス, ミオクロニータンシュウシュク, ミオクロニー単収縮
Czech paramyoclonus multiplex, myoklonus, Myoklonus, Myoklonické záškuby, myoklonie
Finnish Myoklonus
Russian FRIDREIKHA BOLEZN', MIOKLONUS VO VREMIA SNA, MIOKLONUS, MIOKLONUS NOCHNOI, MIOKLONIIA, PARAMIOKLONUS MNOZHESTVENNYI, МИОКЛОНИЯ, МИОКЛОНУС, МИОКЛОНУС ВО ВРЕМЯ СНА, МИОКЛОНУС НОЧНОЙ, ПАРАМИОКЛОНУС МНОЖЕСТВЕННЫЙ, ФРИДРЕЙХА БОЛЕЗНЬ
Korean 간헐 근경련증
Croatian MIOKLONUS
Polish Drgawki miokloniczne, Mioklonia, Polimioklonia
Hungarian Myoclonus, Myoclonusos izomrángások, Myoclonusos rángások
Norwegian Muskelrykking, Myoklonus, Myoklone rykninger