II. Pathophysiology

  1. Hepatic Encephalopathy in children under age 14

III. Associated Conditions

IV. Symptoms and Signs

  1. Nausea or Vomiting
  2. Neurologic
    1. Lethargy
    2. Delirium
    3. Seizures

V. Labs

  1. Liver Function Tests increased
    1. Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) increased
    2. Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) increased
    3. Ammonia increased
  2. Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF) Normal

Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)

Related Studies

Ontology: Reye Syndrome (C0035400)

Definition (MEDLINEPLUS)

Reye syndrome is a rare illness that can affect the blood, liver, and brain of someone who has recently had a viral infection. It always follows another illness. Although it mostly affects children and teens, anyone can get it. It can develop quickly and without warning. It is most common during flu season. Symptoms include

  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Listlessness
  • Personality change - such as irritability, combativeness or confusion
  • Delirium
  • Convulsions
  • Loss of consciousness

If these symptoms occur soon after a viral illness, seek medical attention immediately. Reye syndrome can lead to a coma and brain death, so quick diagnosis and treatment are critical. Treatment focuses on preventing brain damage. There is no cure.

The cause of Reye syndrome is unknown. Studies have shown that taking aspirin increases the risk of getting it. Because of that, health care professionals now recommend other pain relievers for young patients.

NIH: National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke

Definition (MSHCZE) Těžké onemocnění s poškozením jater (steatózou) a některých dalších orgánů včetně mozku (encefalopatie). Vzniká zejm. u dětí v průběhu respirační virózy a způsobuje akutní jaterní selhání s vysokou úmrtností. Příčina není zcela jasná, mj. se obviňují viry a některé toxické látky vč. léků (např. salicyláty). Toxoinfekční reakce organismu nejasné etiologie manifestující se několik dní až týdnů po banálním kataru horních cest dýchacích horečkou až hyperpyrexií, zvracením, soporem až kómatem. Bývá hepatomegalie s výraznou leukocytózou, intermitentní hypoglykemie, ketonemie, acidóza a hypernatremie. (cit. Velký lékařský slovník online, 2013 http://lekarske.slovniky.cz/ )
Definition (NCI) An acute and potentially fatal metabolic disorder characterized by cerebral edema, fatty liver and hypoglycemia. It occurs primarily in children and has been associated with the use of aspirin for the treatment of viral infections. However, it can also occur in the absence of aspirin use.
Definition (NCI_NCI-GLOSS) A rare disease that damages the brain and liver and causes death if not treated. It occurs most often in children younger than 15 years who have had a fever-causing virus, such as chickenpox or flu. Taking aspirin during a viral illness may increase the risk of Reye syndrome.
Definition (MSH) A form of encephalopathy with fatty infiltration of the LIVER, characterized by brain EDEMA and VOMITING that may rapidly progress to SEIZURES; COMA; and DEATH. It is caused by a generalized loss of mitochondrial function leading to disturbances in fatty acid and CARNITINE metabolism.
Definition (CSP) rare, acute, sometimes fatal disease of childhood, most often occurring as a sequel of varicella or a viral upper respiratory infection of childhood; marked by recurrent vomiting and elevated serum transaminase levels with distinctive changes in the liver and other viscera; an encephalopathic phase with acute brain swelling disturbances of consciousness and seizures may follow.
Concepts Disease or Syndrome (T047)
MSH D012202
ICD9 331.81
ICD10 G93.7
SnomedCT 154998003, 267688001, 74351001
English Reye Syndrome, Reye's Syndrome, REYE'S SYNDROME, Reye's syndrome (diagnosis), Reyes syndrome, Syndrome Reyes, Reye Johnson Syndrome, Reye-Johnson Syndrome, Reye Syndrome [Disease/Finding], Fatty Liver with Encephalopathy, reye 's syndrome, reye syndrome, reyes syndrome, reye's syndrome, reyes's syndrome, syndrome reye, reyes syndromes, Reye's syndrome, Reye's encephalopathy, Reye syndrome, Reye's syndrome (disorder)
Portuguese SINDROME DE REYE, Síndrome de Reye
Spanish SINDROME DE REYE, encefalopatía de Reye, síndrome de Reye (trastorno), síndrome de Reye, Síndrome de Reye
French Syndrome de Reyes, SYNDROME DE REYE, Syndrome de Reye, Syndrome de Reye-Johnson
Swedish Reyes syndrom
Japanese ライショウコウグン, Reye症候群, ライ症候群, レイエ症候群
Czech Reyeův syndrom, Reyův syndrom
Finnish Reyen oireyhtymä
Russian REIE SINDROM, РЕЙЕ СИНДРОМ
German REYE SYNDROM, Reye Syndrom, Reye-Syndrom
Korean 라이 증후군
Polish Zespół Reye'a
Hungarian Reye syndroma, Reye-syndroma
Norwegian Reyes syndrom, Fettlever med encefalopati
Dutch syndroom van Reye, Syndroom van Reye
Italian Sindrome di Reye