II. Indications
- Exercise Induced Asthma
- Mastocytosis
III. Mechanism
- Cromolyn (Cromoglycate)
- Synthetic Mast Cell Stabilizer with anti-inflammatory activity used to prevent type 1 Allergic Reactions
- Blocks Antigen-mediated Calcium influx into Mast Cells (and other inflammatory cells)
- Prevents degranulation, the release of inflammatory mediators (e.g. Histamine, Leukotriene) from Mast Cells
- Also prevents degranulation from other inflammatory cells (e.g. Macrophages, PMNs, Eosinophils)
- Also inhibits Eosinophil chemotaxis
- Cromolyn Sodium (Sodium Cromoglycate)
- Sodium salt form of cromlyn typically used in inhaled and Topical Medications
IV. Medications
- Inhaled (Exercise-Induced Asthma)
- Cromolyn Sodium Inhaler (MDI)
- Nebulized Cromolyn Sodium Solution
- Oral Solution (Mastocytosis)
- Cromolyn Sodium Oral Solution
- Ocular Mast Cell Stabilizer (Crolom, for Allergic Conjunctivitis)
- Intranasal Mast Cell Stabilizer (Allergic Rhinitis)
V. Dosing: Asthma
-
Exercise-Induced Asthma
- Approved for age 5 years and older
- Use two puffs via MDI (or 20 mg/2ml nebulized) 10 to 15 minutes before Exercise
- Chronic Asthma
- Not recommended in modern Asthma guidelines
- FDA approved MDI for use in age >=5 years, and nebulizer for use age >=2 years
- Use two puffs via MDI (or 20 mg/2ml nebulized) four times daily
- Adults may use up to 4 puffs at one time
VI. Dosing: Mastocytosis
- Dissolve oral concentrate (100 mg/5 ml) in water, strir and drink
- Take 30 minutes before meals and at bedtime
- Ages 2 to 12 years: 100 mg orally taken four times daily
- Age >12 years and Adults: 200 mg orally taken four times daily
VII. Dosing: Topical Cromolyn
-
Ocular Mast Cell Stabilizer (Allergic Conjunctivitis)
- See Cromolyn Sodium Ophthalmic
- Cromolyn Sodium (Crolom) 1 drop in each eye every 4 to 6 hours (or 4 to 6 times daily)
-
Intranasal Mast Cell Stabilizer (Allergic Rhinitis, age >=2 years)
- See Intranasal Cromolyn
- Intranasal Cromolyn (NasalCrom) use 1 puff every 6 to 8 hours (or 3 to 4 times daily)
VIII. Efficacy: Inhaler in Asthma
IX. Adverse Effects: Asthma Inhaler
X. Safety
- Pregnancy Category B
- Unknown safety in Lactation
XI. Pharmacokinetics
- Slow onset of action
- Effects may be delayed for weeks after starting and using regularly
XII. Resources
- Cromolyn Sodium Oral Concentrate
- Cromolyn Sodium Nebulizer Solution
XIII. References
- Hamilton (2020) Tarascon Pocket Pharmacopoeia
- (2022) Comparison of Asthma Medications, Presc Lett, #381217
Images: Related links to external sites (from Bing)
Related Studies
cromolyn sodium (on 11/23/2022 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
CROMOLYN SODIUM NASAL SPRAY | Generic OTC | $0.26 per ml |
cromolyn (on 6/21/2023 at Medicaid.Gov Survey of pharmacy drug pricing) | ||
CROMOLYN 100 MG/5 ML ORAL CONC | Generic | $0.27 per ml |
CROMOLYN 20 MG/2 ML NEB SOLN | Generic | $1.50 per ml |
CROMOLYN 4% EYE DROPS | Generic | $0.59 per ml |
Ontology: Cromolyn Sodium (C0012694)
Definition (NCI) | The sodium salt form of cromolyn, a mast cell stabilizer with anti-inflammatory activity. Cromolyn sodium probably interferes with the antigen-stimulated calcium transport across the mast cell membrane, thereby inhibiting mast cell release of histamine, leukotrienes, and other substances that cause hypersensitivity reactions. Cromolyn sodium also inhibits eosinophil chemotaxis. |
Definition (MSH) | A chromone complex that acts by inhibiting the release of chemical mediators from sensitized mast cells. It is used in the prophylactic treatment of both allergic and exercise-induced asthma, but does not affect an established asthmatic attack. |
Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | D004205 |
SnomedCT | 40652001, 331036007, 320637004, 317419006, 330496008, 387221005 |
English | Cromoglycate, Disodium, Cromoglycate, Sodium, Disodium Cromoglycate, Sodium Cromoglycate, Sodium cromoglycate [asthma], Sodium cromoglycate [eye], Sodium cromoglycate [gi], Sodium cromoglycate [nose], 5,5'-[(2-Hydroxy-1,3-propanediyl)bis(oxy)]bis[4-oxo-4H-1-benzopyran-2-carboxylic Acid], Disodium Salt, Cromolyn Sodium, cromolyn sodium, Cromoglicic acid sodium, Sodium cromoglycate [gastro-intestinal use], cromolyn sodium (medication), CROMOLYN SODIUM, Cromolyn Sodium [Chemical/Ingredient], cromoglycate sodium, dscg, sodium cromoglicate, scg, sodium cromoglycate, disodium cromoglycate, 4H-1-Benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid, 5,5'-((2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediyl)bis(oxy))bis(4-oxo-, disodium salt), Sodium cromoglicate [nose], Sodium cromoglicate [asthma], Sodium cromoglycate [asthma] (product), Sodium cromoglicate [gastro-intestinal use], Sodium cromoglicate [eye], Sodium cromoglycate [gastro-intestinal use] (product), Sodium cromoglycate [nose] (product), Sodium cromoglycate [eye] (product), DSCG, Disodium cromoglycate, Sodium cromoglycate, Cromolyn sodium, SCG, Sodium cromoglicate, Cromolyn sodium (product), Cromolyn sodium (substance), Sodium cromoglycate [asthma] (substance), Sodium cromoglycate [eye] (substance), Sodium cromoglycate [gastro-intestinal use] (substance), Sodium cromoglycate [nose] (substance) |
Swedish | Natriumkromoglikat |
Czech | kromoglykany, kromoglykát dvojsodný, Cromolyn, Intal |
Finnish | Kromoglikaatti |
Russian | KROMOLIN-NATRII, DINATRIIA KROMOGLIKAT, INTAL, NATRIIA KROMOGLIKAT, KROMOGLIKAT-NATRII, ДИНАТРИЯ КРОМОГЛИКАТ, ИНТАЛ, КРОМОГЛИКАТ-НАТРИЙ, КРОМОЛИН-НАТРИЙ, НАТРИЯ КРОМОГЛИКАТ |
Japanese | インタール, クールウェイ, クモロール, ノスラン, クロモグリク酸ナトリウム, ドルーミン, クロモリーク, ミタヤク, メインター, クロモリンナトリウム, アレルナート, クロモフェロン, ソジウムクロモグリケート, オフタルギー, シズレミン, トーワタール, リノジェット, ルゲオン, クロモグリク酸二ナトリウム, クロモグリク酸, アルギノン |
Italian | Cromoglicato disodico, Sodio cromoglicato, Cromolina sodica |
Spanish | cromoglicato sódico (producto), cromoglicato sódico, ácido cromoglícico sódico (producto), ácido cromoglícico sódico, cromoglicato de sodio (uso gastrointestinal) (producto), cromoglicato de sodio (uso gastrointestinal), cromoglicato de sodio [uso oftálmico], cromoglicato de sodio (uso nasal) (producto), cromoglicato de sodio (uso nasal), cromoglicato de sodio [uso oftálmico] (producto), cromoglicato de sodio [antiasmático], cromoglicato de sodio [antiasmático] (producto), cromoglicato de sodio (nasal) (producto), cromoglicato de sodio (nasal), cromoglicato de sodio [asma] (producto), cromoglicato de sodio [asma], cromoglicato de sodio [oftálmico] (producto), cromoglicato de sodio [oftálmico], cromoglicato disódico, cromolina sódica (producto), cromolina sódica (sustancia), cromolina sódica, Cromoglicato Disódico, Cromoglicato Sódico, Cromolin Sódico |
Croatian | NATRIJEV KROMOGLIKAT |
Polish | Sól dwusodowa kromoglikatu, Intal, Kromoglikan disodowy, Kromoglikonian dwusodowy |
French | Cromoglycate disodium |
German | Cromolynnatrium, Dinatriumcromoglicinat, Dinatriumcromoglycat, Natriumcromoglycat, Cromogilicinsäure, Dinatriumsalz |
Portuguese | Cromoglicato de Sódio, Cromoglicato Dissódico, Cromolina Sódica |
Ontology: Cromolyn (C0086073)
Definition (NCI) | A synthetic mast cell stabilizer with anti-inflammatory activity. Cromolyn probably interferes with the antigen-mediated calcium ion influx into mast cells. This prevents mast cell degranulation, resulting in mast cell stabilization and inhibition of the release of inflammatory mediators, such as histamine and leukotrienes, which are involved in type I allergic reactions. Cromolyn also prevents inflammatory mediator release from eosinophils. |
Definition (CSP) | chromone complex which blocks mast cell degeneration; primarily used as an antiasthmatic; also an orphan drug for the treatment of mastocytosis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis. |
Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
MSH | D004205 |
SnomedCT | 21701005, 372672009, 40652001 |
English | Cromoglycic Acid, Cromoglicic Acid, cromolyn, cromoglycic acid, Cromolyn [Chemical/Ingredient], 1,3-Bis(2-carboxychromon-5-yloxy)-2-hydroxypropane, 1,3-Di(2-carboxy-4-oxochromen-5-yloxy)propan-2-ol, Cromolyn, cromoglicic acid, 4H-1-Benzopyran-2-carboxylic acid, 5,5'-((2-hydroxy-1,3-propanediyl)bis(oxy))bis(4-oxo)-, CROMOLYN, Cromoglycic acid, Cromoglicic acid, Cromolyn (product), Cromolyn (substance) |
Spanish | cromoglicato, ácido cromoglícico (sustancia), ácido cromoglícico, cromolina (producto), cromolina (sustancia), cromolina |
Ontology: Inhaled sodium cromoglycate (C0360199)
Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) , Organic Chemical (T109) |
SnomedCT | 349969005 |
English | Inhaled sodium cromoglycate, Inhaled sodium cromoglycate (product), Inhaled sodium cromoglycate (substance) |
Spanish | cromoglicato de sodio inhalatorio (producto), cromoglicato de sodio inhalatorio |
Ontology: Mast cell stabilizer (C1268905)
Concepts | Pharmacologic Substance (T121) |
SnomedCT | 108860003, 372553000 |
English | mast cell stabilizer, cell mast stabilizers, Mast cell stabilizer, Mast cell stabiliser, Mast cell stabilizer (product), Mast cell stabilizer (substance), Mast Cell Stabilizer, Mast Cell Stabilizers |
Spanish | estabilizador de mastocitos (producto), estabilizador de mastocitos (sustancia), estabilizador de mastocitos |